Materials Literature
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ASTM Subcommittee G01.05 on Laboratory Corrosion Tests currently has nine task groups working on the development of new standards and revisions of its existing 13 standards. Revisions to existing test methods and practices often have been overlooked, resulting in confusion regarding compliance with the standards. This…
The electron microscope has brought over the last fifty years a wealth of information about the structure of solids, from surface topography to the details of atomic arrangements. Like any probe, however, the electron beam is subject to the epistomological constraint that the investigator inevitably perturbs what is b…
Abstract A protocol for semi-quantitative XRD analysis of fly ash has been applied to 178 ashes in studies of the typical mineralogy of high-calcium and iow-calcium fly ash, the consistency of fly ash mineralogy from a typical power station, the partitioning of chemical constituents into crystalline phases, and the cr…
Most of the underground distribution cable in use in the United Kingdom is insulated by windings of paper tape which are impregnated with compounds of oil, wax and resin, in various proportions. The structure of this type of insulation is expected to deteriorate with time so that, even if the cable is mechanically und…
The backscattered-electron imaging mode in a scanning electron microscope has been used to detect and image water trees in electrically stressed cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. The location and distribution of inorganic contaminants, such as Cu or Cl, within the water-treed regions of the insulation were…
Class-8000 A 275 kV gas insulated transmission lines (GIL), 138 m and 158 m long, were completed as getaway lines in the Shin Noda substation of the Tokyo Electric Power Co. Inc. in March and May 1988, respectively. The GILs were designed for large current capacity. New techniques used to construct these lines are des…
Abstract The positions of 13 non‐hydrogen atoms in the structure of kaolinite from Keokuk, Iowa, were refined in the space group C1 using the constrained X‐ray Rietveld refinement. The precision and accuracy of the atomic positions are better than those previously reported. The most frequent e.s.d.'s of the positional…
SUMMARYChemical composition and fabrication procedures determine the microstructure of any wrought aluminium alloy product in terms of size and distribution of grains, subgrains and intermetallic particles. The influence of these microstructural features in the near-surface region on the surface behaviour during pretr…
In the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), the electron beam together with various signals emanating from the beam-specimen interaction ionize the gaseous medium in the specimen chamber. A detailed derivation of equations describing the charge density and current flow in the system is presented. It is s…
The surface discharge phenomena on 1-10 mm-thick acrylic plates were investigated under positive impulse voltage in air at atmospheric pressure. The corona inception voltages and the flashover voltages were measured, and the discharge phenomena were observed with an image converter camera. As a result of this study, v…
The dissolution of cellulose in CuII–amine solvents, and the subsequent gelation of these solutions with concentrated NaOH solution, have been studied with ESR and optical absorption spectroscopies. A CuII–cellulose complex has been characterised in homogeneous CuII–cellulose gels. This species is similar to that form…
The desorption of hydrogen from NdFeB powder and unmilled material produced using hydrogen decrepitation as a premilling technique was investigated using a mass spectrometer to monitor the hydrogen partial pressure in the system as the sample was heated under vacuum from room temperature to approximately 1000 degrees…
ince high-resolution electron micrographs of dodecagonal Ni-Cr quasicrystals are similar in contrast to those of several closely related periodic phases, it has been argued that dodecagonal quasicrystals can be described as a decoration of a dodecagonal quasiperiodic tiling with the same structural units as occur in t…
Abstract Erstmals wurde Ba 3 In 2 O 5 Cl 2 dargestellt und mit Röntgenmethoden an Einkristallen untersucht. Es kristallen untersucht. Es kristallisiert tetragonal, Raumgruppe D –I4/mmm mit a = 4,236; c = 24,929 Å, Z = 2. Die Kristallstruktur entspricht dem Aufbau von Sr 3 Ti 2 O 7 . Die Oktaeder‐doppelschichten dieses…
Abstract Following a re-examination of several published methods for the preparation of ammonium hexavanadate, single crystals of (NH 4 ) 2 V 6 O 16 have been grown by a reaction of V 2 O 5 with NH 4 Cl in hot aqueous solution. They are monoclinic, space group P 2 1 /m , with a = 7.858(2), b = 8.412(2), c = 4.995(1) Å…
Abstract Impedance and photoelectrochemical studies have been carried out with AISI 316L stainless steel and Ti–6Al–4 V alloy immersed in simulated extracellular fluid with and without lactic acid additions. The latter was used to simulate the metabolic products associated with infection. Maximal space charge thicknes…
A one-dimensional, multicell, Eulerian finite difference computer code (MELTSPREAD-1) has been developed to provide an improved prediction of the gravity driven spreading and thermal interactions of molten corium flowing over a concrete or steel surface. In this paper, the modeling incorporated into the code is descri…
Thermal analysis embraces a group of analytical methods in which a physical property - e.g. enthalpy, mass, volume or birefringence - is measured as a function of temperature. This paper briefly presents differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetry (TG), thermal mechan…
Abstract This article is a compilation of property data for standard grades of wrought magnesium and cast magnesium alloys. Data are provided for mechanical, physical, thermal, and electrical properties. Valuable information is provided regarding the applications, chemical compositions, relevant specifications, fabric…
The three-dimensional architecture of filamentous components in the lamina densa of the Schwann cell basement membrane was studied in the mouse sciatic nerve by transmission and scanning electron microscopy after osmium-maceration treatment, and also by conventional electron microscopy. In conventionally prepared spec…