Materials Literature
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Epitaxial SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) thin films with well-defined (001), (116), and (103) orientations have been grown by pulsed laser deposition on (001)-, (011)-, and (111)-oriented Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates. X-ray diffraction pole figure and φ-scan measurements revealed that the three-dimensional epitaxial orientation relat…
Abstract— The liquid‐crystal (LC) alignment properties of polyamide films exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light were investigated. It was found that the uniform and stable alignment of LC molecules was achieved on films of aromatic polyamides exposed to linearly polarized UV light, even though these polymers contained no…
The significant problem with using point groups is the dependence upon extensively tabulated results. We present simple algebraic expressions for the primitive characters, matrix irreps, symmetry adapted functions (SAFs), and Clebsch–Gordan coefficients for all dihedral groups, Dn, Cnv, Dnd, and Dnh. Those results, fo…
Polypropylene (PP)/montmorillonite (MMT) nanocomposites have been prepared by melt intercalation using organomontmorillonite and conventional twin screw extrusion. The dispersibility of silicate layers of the montmorillonite in the composites was investigated by using X-ray diffractometer and transmission electron mic…
Photovoltaics is the process of converting solar energy into electrical energy. Any photovoltaic system invariably consists of solar cell arrays and electric power conditioners. Photovoltaic systems are reliable, quiet, safe and both environmentally benign and self-sustaining. In addition, they are cost-effective for…
A computer program is presented that allows for the analysis of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. Some peculiar features of the program are: the aptitude for dealing with diffractograms obtained from semicrystalline polymer samples and the ability to evaluate XRD patterns collected with CPS 120 detectors. The p…
Abstract The molecular weight distribution (MWD) of blends of commercial suspension grade PVC resins with different molecular weights (MW) or K values is calculated. If the K ‐value difference is not too high, the polydispersity of the blend is only slightly increased as compared to those of the components. It is not…
Abstract For controlling a reactive extrusion process in the subsequent study. the model equations of reaction kinetics and shear viscosity were studied. We focused on a free radical reaction between the molten polyethylene and vinylsilane. The kinetics model was expressed as a reaction rate equation with an apparent…
Composites of β‐Ce 2 O 3 ·11Al 2 O 3 and tetragonal ZrO 2 were fabricated by a reductive atmosphere sintering of mixed powders of CeO 2 , ZrO 2 (2 mol% Y 2 O 3 ), and Al 2 O 3 . The composites had microstructures composed of elongated grains of β‐Ce 2 O 3 ·11Al 2 O 3 in a Y‐TZP matrix. The β‐Ce 2 O 3 ·11Al 2 O 3 decom…
The features of the temperature behavior of the lattice constant and the coefficient of thermal expansion of silicon crystals are analyzed in the bond-charge model. The coefficient of thermal expansion and the Grüneisen factor for the natural isotopic composition are described to reasonable quantitative accuracy. The…
We present experimental results of a Kretschmann-prism coupler method used in Raman scattering experiments with ultrathin (few nanometers) TiO2 sol–gel films deposited on a metallic silver layer characterized by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. In this article, we describe a new optical device as an applic…
The phosphinic analogues of tyrosine and pyruvate were first demonstrated to be substrates in the reactions of elimination and synthesis catalyzed by tyrosine phenol-lyase. Kinetic parameters of the enzymatic process were determined, and the first enzymic synthesis of an aminophosphinic acid was carried out. Replaceme…
Oriented growth of diamond on hexagonal GaN thin films has been performed using microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). GaN layers grown on sapphire substrates are utilized as a substrate. The growth process consists of three steps: (i) carburization, (ii) bias-enhanced nucleation (BEN) and (iii)…
Abstract A proposed kinetic-based method for interpreting ASTM C 1260 test results is introduced that appears capable of overcoming some of the shortcomings currently encountered using a percent expansion criterion for defining potentially reactive aggregate. The method is based on nucleation and growth or phase trans…
Abstract We present experimental data for the Pm 3 m - I 4 /mcm phase transitions in the perovskite crystals KMn 1-x Ca x F 3 and SrTiO 3 . Comparison of calorimetric data (latent heat and specific heat) with order parameter data (measured with X-ray rocking methods) indicates that these transitions follow mean-field…
Abstract This chapter covers the basic metallurgy of titanium, explaining how it influences the development of microstructure and the mechanical properties that can be achieved. It describes the nature of each of the four major phases of titanium, the effect of alloying elements on phase transformations, and the forma…
This paper recommends Pt-oxide for noble electrode of capacitor in advanced ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM). Pt-oxide was deposited by an rf magnetron sputtering system with varying O 2 flow ratio [O 2 /(O 2 +Ar)] on sol-gel derived Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 . The deposition rate of Pt-oxide was higher than that of Pt be…
The transmission characteristics of wire grid polarizers fabricated in finite apertures are investigated by using a three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain formulation. Specifically, the optical transmissivity and extinction ratio are characterized for a wide variety of geometrical parameters including apertur…
The corrosion resistance of a unidirectionally solidified alumina/yttrium aluminum garnet (Al 2 O 3 /YAG) eutectic mixture was investigated at high temperature. Samples were exposed to high temperature (1200°–1800°C) in different atmospheres, which included argon, argon/water vapor, air, and air/water vapor. The most…
X-ray photoelectron spectra of Na 2 O-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 glasses were measured by a monochromatised Al-Ka XPS instrument with a novel charge control method. Chemical shifts of core level photoelectron spectra of the glass constituent ions were investigated with glass composition with respect to the external energy refere…