Materials Literature
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The mechanical properties of Si 3 N 4 materials depend mainly on the microstructure, which originates during the densification process. The microscopic evidence indicates that β‐Si 3 N 4 seeds incorporated in the starting powders play an important role in microstructural development, especially in the heterogeneous gr…
Abstract Clay mineral diagenesis in the Niigata basin is documented by mineralogical and chemical analysis of clay minerals from cuttings from the Shinkumoide SK-1D (SSK-1D) well which is characterized by alternating beds containing dioctahedral and trioctahedral smectite minerals with increasing depth. Dioctahedral s…
Abstract Spontaneous appearance of polypyrrole microtubes was first observed during the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole in water using sodium p-toluenesulfonate as a supporting salt. Almost amorphous microtube showed high electrical conductivity (σ = 498 S cm−1) along an axis of the tube. The tube also revea…
The synthesis and transition temperatures of a series of novel thienyl-pyrimidine liquid crystalline materials is described. Palladium catalysed coupling of 5-n-alkyl-2-tri-n-butylstannyl thiophenes to 5-bromo-2-iodopyrimidine is used to create novel pyrimidine compounds which exhibit lower melting points than similar…
This paper reports on an experimental investigation in which important primary hand attributes of nonwoven fusible interlinings are identified and empirical translation formulas for the attributes are established. These formulas can be used to objectively evaluate the hand of nonwoven fusible interlinings based on mea…
A sample is provided of the radiological safety issues particular to low energy proton accelerators. 'Low' energy in this context is taken to mean proton energies of less than about 1 GeV. Many of the radiation issues are common to all particle accelerators. Here, those issues are addressed that may require perhaps no…
Comprehensive nuclear decay data files used for dose calculation have been compiled using decay data sets from the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF), the latest version in August 1997. The compiled data files contain the decay data for (1) 817 radionuclides that are listed in ICRP Publication 38 (Publ. 38)…
Thin films of cobalt oxide have been deposited on various substrates, such as glass, Si(100), SrTiO3(100), and LaAlO3(100), by low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using cobalt(IL), acetylacetonate as the precursor. Films obtained in the temperature range 400-600 degreesC were uniform and highly…
BACKGROUND/AIMS: As skin roughness and wrinkles are easily perceived by the consumer, quantifying skin surface structures is a vital parameter for cosmetic product development. As more tools are available for measuring three-dimensional (3-D) surface data, instead of two-dimensional (2-D) profile lines, new algorithms…
A synchrotron radiation (SR) facility typically consists of an injector, a storage ring, and SR beamlines. The latter two features are unique to SR facilities, when compared to other types of accelerator facilities. The SR facilities have the characteristics of low injection beam power, but high stored beam power. The…
The minerals of the pyrochlore group exhibit a large range of chemical composition. The general structural formula can be written as A2–mB2X6–wY1–n•pH2O. The occupancy of the eight-fold-coordinated A site can reflect the degree of alteration of the pyrochlore. In unaltered pyrochlore-group minerals, this site is compl…
First principles techniques have been employed to examine the isolated self-interstitial in diamond. The assignment of the R2 EPR center to the self-interstitial has been questioned because of the small fine structure term. We have calculated the spin–spin interaction tensor, which resolves the problem. We have also m…
Optical properties of porous graphite samples prepared by electrochemical etching were investigated. It is found that electrochemical etching modifies their Raman spectra and gives rise to photoluminescence. The evolution of Raman spectra at the initial etching stages is studied in detail. A model is proposed explaini…
The orientational behaviour of the nematic discotic phase of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexa(4-n-octyloxybenzoyloxy)triphenylene (C8OBT) on substrates coated with a polyimide or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was investigated by polarizing optical microscopy. The averaged order parameters and directions of the triphenylene…
“Diasporic” precursors derived from sols formed by the controlled hydrolysis of aluminum sec‐butoxide in the presence of HCl yielded mixtures of corundum and amorphous alumina when calcined between 500° and 800°C. The fraction of corundum in the calcined products depended on the HCl/alkoxide ratio used during hydrolys…
Abstract We successfully prepared the superionic composites in which only the high-temperature phase of α-AgI was stabilized at room temperature in a superionic glassy matrix by a simple procedure with heating and consecutive cooling of AgI−Ag2O−MoO3 glasses. In the composites, α-AgI microcrystals were dispersed in th…
Band structure calculations of ABC2 (A = Zn, B = Si, Ge, Sn, and C = P, As) ternary pnictides performed using the semi-relativistic ‘tight binding linear muffin tin orbital’ (TB-LMTO) method within local density approximation under ambient and high pressures are reported here. The energy gap at ambient pressure is fou…
The effect of neodymium substitution on the lanthanum site in La 0.7- x Nd x Pb 0.3 MnO 3 perovskite polycrystalline has been systematically studied. The substitution of neodymium for lanthanum causes structure change from rhombohedral to orthorhombic. Ferromagnetism is suppressed as neodymium content increases. The m…
L-Malate (MalDH) and L-lactate (LDH) dehydrogenases belong to the same family of NAD-dependent enzymes. To gain insight into molecular relationships within this family, we studied two hyperthermophilic (LDH-like) L-MalDH (proteins with LDH-like structure and MalDH enzymatic activity) from the archaea Archaeoglobus ful…
We report what is believed to be the first demonstration that volume gratings diffract extreme-ultraviolet light (EUV) or soft x-rays into high orders approximately an order of magnitude more efficiently than predicted by classical thin-grating theory. At the 13-nm wavelength, copolymer grating structures with 200-nm…