Materials Literature
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A new phenomenological technique for using constant amplitude loading data to predict fatigue life from a variable amplitude strain history is presented. A critical feature of this reversal-by-reversal model is that the damage accumulation is inherently non-linear. The damage for a reversal in the variable amplitude l…
Plasticity in zirconium is controlled by $1/3\ensuremath{\langle}1\overline{2}10\ensuremath{\rangle}$ screw dislocations gliding in the prism planes of the hexagonal close-packed structure. This prismatic and not basal glide is observed for a given set of transition metals like zirconium and is known to be related to…
We study the resonant x-ray scattering at Si and Al K-edges from chiral materials, $α$-quartz and $α$-berlinite. We derive the general form of the scattering matrix for the dipole transition by summing up the local scattering matrices which satisfy the symmetry requirement. The oscillation term is obtained in the spec…
Recent advancements in metamaterials and plasmonics have promised a number of exciting applications, in particular at terahertz and optical frequencies. Unfortunately, the noble metals used in these photonic structures are not particularly good conductors at high frequencies, resulting in significant dissipative loss.…
Although everybody should know that measurements are never performed directly on materials but on devices, this is not generally true. Devices are physical systems able to exchange energy and thus subject to the laws of physics, which determine the information they provide. Hence, we should not overlook device effects…
Collagen peptides are analyzed using a low-cost, high-throughput method for assessing deamidation using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). For each chosen peptide, the theoretical distribution is calculated and the measured distribution for each sample compared with this to deter…
A diamine cross-linker with thermal reversible Diels–Alder (DA) adducts of furan and maleimide groups has been designed and synthesised, which can be used to crosslink commercial epoxy monomers to achieve self-healing, cross-linked epoxy polymers. This new strategy to make self-healing epoxy polymer was successfully p…
Co catalysts supported on ceria supports with two different particle sizes, one in the micro- and the other in the nano-range, were investigated for their ethanol and ethylene steam reforming performance. Pre- and post-reaction characterization techniques, including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, te…
Vigorous mixing of an aqueous particle dispersion with oil usually produces a particle-stabilized emulsion (a "Pickering emulsion"), the longevity of which depends on the particles' wetting properties. A known exception occurs when particles fail to adsorb to the oil-water interface created during mixing because of a…
The electronic structure of oxygen vacancies in bulk perovskite oxides SrTiO${}_{3}$ and LaAlO${}_{3}$ is studied using the Heyd, Scuseria, Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid density functional. In SrTiO${}_{3}$ the oxygen vacancy defect introduces a localized state comprised of $3{d}_{{z}^{2}}$ and $4{p}_{z}$ orbitals of the adj…
In conventional materials, strong absorption usually requires that the material have either high loss or a large thickness-to-wavelength ratio ($d/\ensuremath{\lambda}\ensuremath{\gg}1$). We find the situation to be vastly different for bilayer structures composed of a metallic substrate and an anisotropic epsilon-nea…
Although graphene's physical structure is a single atom thick, two-dimensional, hexagonal crystal of sp(2) bonded carbon, this simple description belies the myriad interesting and complex physical properties attributed to this fascinating material. Because of its unusual electronic structure and superlative properties…
Abstract The mechanical holdfast of the mussel, the byssus, is processed at acidic pH yet functions at alkaline pH. Byssi are enriched in Fe 3+ and catechol‐containing proteins, species with chemical interactions that vary widely over the pH range of byssal processing. Currently, the link between pH, Fe 3+ ‐catechol r…
Gelators may be divided into chemical gels and physical gels: the internal structure of chemical gels is made of chemical bonds, while physical gels are characterized by dynamic cross-links that are constantly created and broken. The gelator present in physical gels may be an inorganic or an organic compound, the latt…
Abstract One‐dimensional (1D) hierarchical structures composed of Ni 3 S 2 nanosheets grown on carbon nanotube (CNT) backbone (denoted as CNT@Ni 3 S 2 ) are fabricated by a rational multi‐step transformation route. The first step involves coating the CNT backbone with a layer of silica to form CNT@SiO 2 , which serves…
A facile method to fabricate high-surface area functional carbons via convenient "salt templating" is presented. Exemplarily, nitrogen- as well as nitrogen-/boron-co-doped carbons were synthesized using ionic liquids as precursors and eutectics as porogen. The porogen is easily removable with water and the porosities…
Nitrogen-containing porous carbon materials are ubiquitous with a wide range of technologically important applications, including separation science, heterogeneous catalyst supports, water purification, electrochemistry, as well as the developing areas of energy generation and storage applications. To date, a variety…
ABSTRACT Creep corrosion of electronic assemblies is a growing problem. Commonly seen in harsh environments, the failures result from the formation of copper sulfide films on Printed Circuit Board (PCB) assemblies in short period of time. The iNEMI Creep Corrosion Group working on understanding this issue has recently…
We propose a discrete Maxwell equation (DME) method for the rapid analysis of multi-layered metamaterial structures. Different from the conventional numerical methods, which make discretizations within the problem space and use interpolating or iterative technique to obtain the corresponding electromagnetic fields, th…
The deterioration of concrete durability seriously affects utilization and lifespan of concrete constructions. This paper presented a novel method to improve concrete durability by synthesizing Super-absorbent Resins (SAR) in micro-cracks or capillary-pores of concrete, i.e., the synthesized SAR swell after absorbing…