Materials Literature
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An exact analytic representation of the critical state of a current-carrying type-II superconductor strip located inside a cylindrical magnetic cavity of high permeability is derived. The obtained results show that, when the cavity radius is small, penetration of magnetic flux fronts is strongly reduced as compared to…
When ultrathin metal films are subjected to multiple cycles of rapid melting and resolidification by a ns pulsed laser, spatially correlated interfacial nanostructures can result from a competition among several possible thin film self-organizing processes. Here we investigate self-organization and the ensuing length…
A classical problem in elasticity theory involves an inhomogeneity embedded in a material of given stress and shear moduli. The inhomogeneity is a region of arbitrary shape whose stress and shear moduli differ from those of the surrounding medium. In this paper we present a new, semi-analytic method for finding the st…
We analyze cotunneling transport through two quantum dots in series weakly coupled to external ferromagnetic leads. In the Coulomb blockade regime the electric current flows due to third-order tunneling, while the second-order single-barrier processes have indirect impact on the current by changing the occupation prob…
1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids, having chloride as a counter ion, were studied for cellulose solubility; and the influence of different alkyl chain lengths was also investigated. The alkyl chain length was incrementally varied from ethyl to decyl to determine structure-dissolution properties; a distin…
We have observed reproducible fluctuations of the Coulomb drag, both as a function of magnetic field and electron concentration, which are a manifestation of quantum interference of electrons in the layers. At low temperatures the fluctuations exceed the average drag, giving rise to random changes of the sign of the d…
Abstract Composites of poly( L ‐lactide) (PLA) with hemp fibers ( Cannabis sativa ), prepared by batch mixing and plasticized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG; weight‐average molecular weight = 600 g/mol), were examined by polarized optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray scattering, differen…
Heating and heat conduction in molecular junctions are considered within a general nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. We obtain a unified description of heating in current-carrying molecular junctions as well as the electron and phonon contributions to the thermal flux, including their mutual influence. Ways t…
The outstanding mechanical properties of spider silks have motivated many researchers to establish biotechnological production techniques which are necessary to provide sufficient amounts of silk proteins for industrial applications. Based on recent developments in genetic engineering, two strategies for the recombina…
Various bacterial species accumulate intracellular polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) granules as energy and carbon reserves inside their cells. PHAs are biodegradable, environmentally friendly and biocompatible thermoplastics. Varying in toughness and flexibility, depending on their formulation, they can be used in various…
We predict the stability of an extended two-dimensional hydrocarbon on the basis of first-principles total-energy calculations. The compound that we call graphane is a fully saturated hydrocarbon derived from a single graphene sheet with formula CH. All of the carbon atoms are in $s{p}^{3}$ hybridization forming a hex…
Tensile set was studied at low strains on polypropylene, aliphatic polyketone, rubber toughened blends and CaCO3 particle toughened composites. The rubber in the rubber toughened blends had a particle size of 0.7 μm. The CaCO3 particles had a size of 0.7 μm and had been coated with stearic acid. Step-cyclic loading wa…
Abstract In the idealized two‐phase model of a semicrystalline polymer, the amorphous intercrystalline layers are considered to have the same properties as the fully‐amorphous polymer. In reality, these thin intercrystalline layers can be substantially influenced by the presence of the crystals, as individual polymer…
Abstract The electrochemically driven control of the natural optical activity of polyanilines bearing chiral camphorsulfonic acid is reported. Aniline was polymerized in the presence of camphorsulfonic acid by oxidative electrochemical polymerization in water to afford polyanilines containing (+)‐ or (−)‐camphorsulfon…
An order-to-disorder (OD) transformation induced by ion irradiation in rare earth (RE) sesquioxides, Dy2O3, Er2O3, and Lu2O3, was studied using grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. These sesquioxides are characterized by a cubic C-type RE structure known as bixbyite. They were irra…
First order rhombohedral to orthorhombic stress-induced phase transitions have been evidenced by bulk charge-stress measurements and x-ray diffraction derived lattice strain measurements in [001]C-poled 0.955Pb(Zn1∕3Nb2∕3)O3–0.045PbTiO3 (PZN-4.5PT). The transitions are induced by uniaxial compressive loads applied eit…
High intensity electron emission cathodes based on carbon nanotube films have been successfully fabricated. An investigation of the explosive field emission properties of the carbon nanotube cathode in a double-pulse mode was presented and a high emission current density of 309A∕cm2 was obtained. The time-and-space re…
Enhanced photoluminescence was found in tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum deposited onto nanotextured silver films with porous alumina substrates. The surface-enhanced Raman signals and shortened lifetimes suggested the presence of enhanced local electromagnetic field due to the plasmon resonance of nanotextured silver…
Commonly, fibre hemp (Cannabis sativa) is not considered for the production of soft and easy-care textiles. However, initial tests in the textile industry have shown that certain processes allow improvement in the everyday-wear characteristics of hemp textiles. In the framework of the EU R&D project Hemp-sys [QLRT-01-…
Abstract Several types of positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composites are prepared by using Ni and Au modified carbon black. The major aim of this work was the lowering of the room temperature resistivity of the composites by enhancement of electrical conduction of the CB particles by incorporating metallic part…