Materials Literature
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In order to measure the thermal conductivity of small needlelike samples (2.0×0.05×0.1 mm3) such as pentatellurides and single carbon fibers, we have developed a new technique called the parallel thermal conductance (PTC) technique. In the more typical steady state method that is used for measuring thermal conductivit…
The heating of B 4 C–YTZP (where YTZP denotes yttria‐stabilized zirconia polycrystals) mixtures, under an argon atmosphere, generates B 4 C–ZrB 2 composites, because of a low‐temperature (<1500°C) carbide–oxide reaction. Composites derived from mixtures that include ≥15% YTZP are better sintered than monolithic B 4…
A single Landau free energy expansion is used to describe phase transitions in perovskites, from a cubic parent structure to tetragonal and orthorhombic structures with space groups related to the M 3 and R 25 points of the Pm3̅m reciprocal lattice. This expansion permits relationships between symmetry-adapted forms o…
Since the beginning of the 20th century surface discharge phenomena have been investigated form a viewpoint of scientific interest. By using both dust figure and photographic figure methods, together with the nanosecond pulse technique, the corona streamer development phenomena on an insulation surface were experiment…
The first carbon nanocoil field emitter has been prepared by catalytic thermal chemical vapor deposition and its properties of field emission have been investigated. The carbon nanocoils grow selectively from the patterned iron film and maintain their self-organization well. The field emission measurement shows that t…
The chemistry of P in the spodic (Bh) horizon of Florida Spodosols has generated considerable interest in recent years, particularly where water quality problems have been reported. Early studies suggested that the Bh horizon can function as a sorption sink for P moving through nonretentive sands. However, the conditi…
We have demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of using a rewritable dual-layer phase-change optical disk utilizing a blue-violet laser. For the first medium, we adopted a very thin recording layer with a new phase-change material Ge–Sn–Sb–Te, and a 10-nm-thick silver-alloy reflective layer to obtain a large…
Abstract Some recent works dealing with the concept of order-disorder in clay minerals are considered, including those aspects of order-disorder which appeared in the Brindley & Brown (1980) monograph, i.e. disorder in the distribution of cations, disorder in layer stacking, orderdisorder in mixed-layer systems an…
A combination of density functional theory and multi-reference configuration interaction methods (DFT/MRCI) has been applied to the calculation of electronic absorption spectra in a series of porphyrin-type molecules. The calculated excitation energies and oscillator strengths for free-base porphyrin ( PH 2 ) are in e…
Ruthenium oxide (RuO2) was synthesized in thin film and powder forms using the solution chemistry technique. The oxide electrodes on Si substrates were characterized in terms of their structure, composition, stoichiometry, and conductivity. X-ray lattice parameter calculations and micro-Raman analysis revealed the rut…
We have performed structural studies of a series of mixed-alkali phosphate glasses using diffraction experiments and reverse Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the alkali ions tend to preserve their local structural environment regardless of the glass composition. Furthermore, the distribution of the two types of c…
Protein adsorption was studied by in-situ ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy of consecutively deposited polyelectrolyte multilayer systems terminated either with poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI) or polyanions, such as poly-(acrylic acid) (PAC), poly(maleic acid-co-propylene) (PMA-P) or poly(vinyl sulfate) (PVS). The influence of the pol…
Several series of CdHgTe composite nanocrystals were prepared using thiol-capped CdTe nanocrystal precursors to which subsequent layers of HgTe and CdTe were added. The position of the ‘excitonic’ photoluminescence peak measured at room temperature was red-shifted to the near infrared to give emission wavelengths rang…
We present a novel approach, based on molecular self-assembly driven by electrostatic attractions, for conjugating inorganic colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots: QDs) having negatively charged surfaces with a two-domain recombinant protein bearing a positively charged C-terminal leucine zipper domain. A…
Results of a laboratory study of internal corrosion in wet gas pipelines under conditions involving a stagnant or slowly flowing aqueous phase indicate that the corrosion rate is not affected by calcium and magnesium scale-forming tendency of the test solutions, provided that they are buffered. It is possible that the…
Gadolinium is a lanthanide that has in recent years become more commonly present in our society. Organic chelates of gadolinium are increasingly used as contrast agents for the imaging of body fluids. Although adverse reactions to these agents are uncommon, it is known that gadolinium salts can bring about a wide vari…
The effects exerted by fused aromatic rings on the UV-vis spectra of porphyrins are surveyed. Modified porphyrin chromophores with fused benzene, 1,2-naphthalene, 9,10-phenanthrene or phenanthroline rings are surprisingly little affected even when a maximum number of ring fusions are incorporated. Linearly annealed na…
Higher generation poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers have the unique ability to act as templates for the formation of inorganic nanoclusters. Here, we use dendrimers dispersed in a polymer matrix to create a new type of polymer−inorganic composite material. Hydrophilic polymer networks (poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacryla…
Adsorption of xenon on single-walled (10,10) carbon nanotubes at a temperature of 95 K has been studied by molecular simulation and the results have been compared with recent experiments [A. Kuznetsova, J. T. Yates, Jr., J. Liu, and R. E. Smalley, J. Chem. Phys. 112, 9590 (2000)]. Simulations indicate that adsorption…
Consumption of hot chips is a convenience food in most countries. Unfortunately, these are high in fat and contribute to fat-related diseases in societies with a high fat consumption. There is substantial scope through best-practice deep-frying techniques for producing lower fat, high-quality chips. From a review of t…