Materials Literature
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Abstract The structure of a compound previously described as Bi 8 Se 9 Cl 6 has been determined and refined to R = 0.040. It is very similar – if not identical – to the structure of a compound described as Bi 11 Se 12 Cl 9 . In contrast to the latter, it accounts for a weak fourfold superstructure and therefore differ…
The ability of digital PD analyzers to process and store specific information concerning discharge activity can be used for various purposes: discharge recognition and condition monitoring. To exploit these possibilities, a specific fingerprint technique has been successfully used in recent years for off-line and on-l…
The fracture characteristics of high‐strength steel ASTM A‐490 under a hydrogen environment were investigated, with special emphasis placed on changes in fracture characteristics due to a tempering treatment at temperatures from 200 to 400 °C. A mechanical test was performed on cathodically charged specimens subjected…
By determining sound pressure using the Ramann-Nath parameter and confirming sound form based on schlieren images, we investigated the effects of ultrasound frequency on the sonochemical luminescence of a luminol solution. Separating the effect into the luminescence threshold of sound energy and the rate of luminescen…
A method for measuring magnetization under high pressure and pulsed high magnetic field was developed for a Drickamer-type cell using diamond anvils and an insulator gasket. As the first test, the magnetization of invar alloy Fe0.65Ni0.35 was measured at room temperature up to 8 GPa in a pulsed field of 10 T with a wi…
The avoidance model introduced by Han and Herzfeld [Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 463, 135 (1997)] for parallel, charged spherocylinders is extended to the case of charged spherocylinders with orientational freedom. The accuracy of the theory in the dilute solution limit is checked by comparing the predicted second vir…
Abstract Engine oils today include detergency dispersancy additives to keep the engine clean, hold insolubles in dispersion, and neutralise acidic compounds. This paper describes the synthesis of a type of detergent‐dispersant based on polyisobutenyl succinimides. The type and route of synthesis influence the molecula…
To reveal the interaction of persistent slip bands (PSBs) with grain boundaries (GBs), a specially designed [134]/[18 2 7]copper bicrystal with a tilting GB and a common primary slip plane in its component crystals was prepared. The dislocation patterns within grains and near the GB in the copper bicrystal cyclically…
In this tutorial review magnetostrictive effects useful for sensors and actuators are described and compared with piezoelectric effects. Magnetostrictive materials are surveyed in the context of sensor and actuator applications.
Out paper describes the general principles behind the fabrication of graded composites produced through powder stacking techniques. Both metal and ceramic systems are addressed. The complex interdependence of many processing variables makes production of graded composites challenging. Variables include relative green…
Information provided in this article can be used for estimating the radiation dose associated with the use of thoriated tungsten electrodes in tungsten inert gas welding. Area and breathing zone concentrations of 232Th generated by welding and electrode sharpening along with particle size information; isotopic composi…
Abstract The use of activated carbon (AC) filtration and chlorination to polish wastewater effluent is becoming increasingly costly. A cost‐effective approach is needed to clean large volumes of wastewater often discharged into surface waters or used to recharge depleted ground water aquifers. Hardwood charcoal is cha…
Dielectric properties of surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal (SSFLC) cells have been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The thickness mode is found to consist of two relaxation processes. A decomposition of an analytical solution of the complex dielectric permittivity epsilon(omega) in ter…
The influence of doping lanthana on valent state of CeO 2 surface has been studied by using x-ray photoelectron spectrascopy. It was found that La 3+ doping in host CeO 2 lattice can promote to convert Ce 4+ into Ce 3+ and enhance adsorbing-carbonyl capacity of the materials. However, the inversion of Ce 4+ to Ce 3+ i…
Metal‐2,5‐diaminobenzenesulfonic acid (DABSA)-modified polyaniline Schottky junctions in which modified polyaniline is obtained from electrochemical copolymerization of aniline with DABSA were investigated. The typical dark current density vs. applied voltage characteristics for several Schottky junctions are reported…
A one-dimensionally periodic pentagonal quasicrystal with a superstructure has been found in the Al-Co-Ni system in a sample quenched from 1160oC at the composition Al71.5Co25.5Ni3. Its electron diffraction patterns are characterized by a fivefold rotation axis as a unique symmetry element as well as superstructure re…
EXAFS measurements in the corrosion deposits were performed on Bell Labs-UIUC beamline X16C at the NSLS at Brookhaven National Laboratory in grazing incidence fluorescence mode at room temperature. EXAFS in the reference Cu and Pb metal foils, malachite, cerussite and hydrocerussite were measured in transmission. Sagi…
Biofilms form ubiquitous organic coatings on mineral surfaces in soil and aquatic environments.
The experimental phase diagrams of several chiral systems are compared with a theoretical diagram based on the chiral Chen-Lubensky model, which predicts at least two kinds of twist-grain-boundary phase, TGBA and TGBC. Also shown for comparison are typical nonchiral phase diagrams that exhibit a nematic-smectic A-smec…
A model is proposed for the kinetics of spinodal decomposition at high diffusion rates described by a hyperbolic equation. The formation of new phases is described using a zero-radius nonlinear potential model. It is shown that a regular distribution in space of the phases during spinodal decomposition is initiated by…