Materials Literature
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Ease of separation, recovery, and reuseability characterize the hybrid catalysts described by comparison with their molecular congeners [Ln(fod)3]. A novel grafting sequence involving an in situ silylation tailors the catalytically active interface for organic transformations of activated substrate molecules and preve…
Preparation of mesoporous silica by the neutral route has advantages compared with that by electrostatic routes, however, until now the starting materials were alkoxysilanes-rather expensive silica sources. A synthesis is presented that starts from sodium silicate solutions, as an inexpensive inorganic silicon source,…
Thermal reactions of mixtures of ultrafine particles of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 ) and kaolinite in a composition of MgO:Al 2 O 3 :2SiO 2 were investigated to obtain dense cordierite ceramics at temperatures <1000°C. While heating the mixture of kaolinite and Mg(OH) 2 with the equivalent of 2 mass% of boron ox…
The etch characteristics of the low-k dielectrics DVS BCB (BCB hereafter) and SILK in oxygen/fluorine based plasmas are studied. In an O2/NF3 plasma afterglow, the etch rate of both polymers first increases linearly with increasing NF3 concentration, then decreases monotonously. A pure fluorine plasma afterglow does n…
We discuss various mechanisms that lead to a high crystallization rate of the recording layer in a phase change disk. The role of interface layers, recording layer composition and its thickness is especially emphasized. Disks with a data bit rate beyond 40 Mbit/s have been realized.
A novel 128-channel phased array probe for echocardiography with a center frequency of 3.7 MHz using 0.91Pb(Zn(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3)-0.09PbTiO(3 ) (PZN-9%PT) single crystal has been fabricated to realize greater sensitivity and broader bandwidth properties. The echo amplitude of the PZN-9%PT single-crystal probe is about 5…
Through their electron-lattice interactions, localized carriers reduce vibrational stiffness constants in their surroundings. States with a large electronic polarizability (e.g., multiatomic localized states and states of a singlet bipolaron formed of degenerate electronic orbitals) induce exceptionally large softenin…
By dissolving tracer quantities of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ) in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) it was possible to study by forced Rayleigh scattering (FRS) the tracer diffusion of the unbleached PQ as well as the photoproduct which is covalently bound to the PMMA molecules. The PMMA samples with molecular weight…
Blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) with various compositions were prepared using a mixer at 290 °C and 100 rpm for various times. The transesterification level f TEN and the average chain lengths L PET and L PEN were determined using 1 H NMR. The dynamic mechanical pr…
The metastable pitting of A516‐70 carbon steel was studied under potentiostatic control in solutions containing chloride ions. It was shown that there were different current fluctuation patterns and spectral slopes, that is, roll‐off slopes, in passivity, general corrosion, and metastable pitting. Pits were often cove…
The spectroscopic properties of Mn3+ and Mn2+ ions have been studied in Mn:YAlO3 codoped with Ce and singly Mn-doped YAlO3.Mn3+ absorption at the 5E→5T2 transition, the transition between the Jahn–Teller split components of the ground state 5E, and Fano antiresonance mixing between the 3E and 5T2 states have been inve…
Communication: The use of core–shell latex morphology is reported here to produce three-dimensionally ordered arrays of fluorescent nanoparticles in polymer composite materials. With their soft, inert shells, the particles are easily ordered into an array, after which heat treatment melts the soft shells to give an ar…
The dielectric relaxation modes in low bismuth doped ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ were studied at temperatures 1.5--300 K and frequencies up to 1.8 GHz. We observe two modes, at 8 K (mode I) and 65 K (mode V), which also occur in single-crystalline ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}.$ With Bi doping, two further dielectric peaks, 18 K (…
In this work, two sets of lead fluoroindogallate glasses were studied with the aim of using them as active media for laser devices at the mid infrared (∼2.8 μm) and visible (∼0.54 μm) regions. The infrared and upconverted emissions of Er3+ in single and Er3+:Yb3+ codoped samples were analyzed, and it was observed that…
The crystallization kinetics of amorphous lactose in the presence and absence of seed crystals were investigated at 57.5% relative humidity. Isothermal crystallization studies were conducted gravimetrically in an automated vacuum moisture balance at several temperatures between 18 and 32 degrees C. The crystallization…
We have used x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet absorption measurements to determine unambiguous values of the electron affinities and band structure alignments for the three most popular ferroelectric memory materials (strontium bismuth tantalate SBT. lead zirconate-titanate PZT, and barium stront…
The dragline silk from Nephila clavipes was studied by wide angle X-ray diffraction in its original state, after supercontraction to L/Lo = 0.46, and during re-extension to its original length Lo. The fibers were carefully dried before each exposure. The molecular orientation in the crystalline regions is found to fol…
This paper presents a general framework for the formulation of constitutive models that incorporate a localized dissipative mechanism. The formalism of strong discontinuities is employed, allowing for the decoupling of the constitutive characterization of the continuum and localized responses of the material. A proced…
The influence of calcium and zinc ions on the corrosion inhibition effect of 1‐hydroxyethane‐1,1‐diphosphonic acid (HEDP) on carbon steel has been investigated by electrochemical techniques, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Addition of calcium or zinc ions greatly increased the inhibition…
The ferroelectric relaxor behavior in Bi-doped ${\mathrm{SrTiO}}_{3}$ was studied in the temperature range 1.5--300 K and up to 400 MHz. Some interesting results are shown: (1) Typical ferroelectric relaxor behavior develops out of the other impurity relaxation modes. The ferroelectric relaxor peaks occur on the quant…