Materials Literature
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Nematic liquid crystals (NLCs) are anisotropic molecules which can be oriented to form uniaxial birefringent layers. NLCs aligned between suitably prepared substrates can be used as large aperture retardation plates; furthermore, the retardance of these cells can be tuned by applying an electric field. The ability to…
We have investigated the effects of pressure on the pinned and sliding charge-density-wave states of ${\mathrm{K}}_{0.3}$${\mathrm{MoO}}_{3}$ at 77 and 4.2 K. The application of hydrostatic pressure suppresses the threshold electric field both for the conventional charge-density-wave conduction and for the low-tempera…
New accurate results for the thermopower of Si inversion layers are compared with the calculated screened phonon-drag thermopower. Good agreement is obtained for both the temperature dependence and the magnitude, except at the lowest temperatures, when a change of sign to positive thermopower is observed. This the aut…
The first measurement is reported for the electrical properties of the precursor glasses in the high-temperature superconducting system Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O. The phonon-assisted hopping of small polarons is consistent with the DC conductivity in the high temperature region; however, at lower temperatures a variable range hop…
We observed a shear-induced alignment of colloidal particles in a Brownian dynamics simulation carried out in the presence of an oscillating shear flow. As the shear rate \ensuremath{\gamma} is increased for temperatures near the melting point, we first observe shear thinning followed by a transition to a state with t…
A microscopic theory for the long-wavelength dielectric dispersion [\ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega})] in a strongly correlated dipolar liquid is presented. The calculated \ensuremath{\epsilon}(\ensuremath{\omega}) is stongly non-Debye if only the orientational mechanism of polarization relaxation is consider…
Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (MoSe2, NbSe2) have been heteroepitaxially grown on (NH4)2 Sx (x≂2) treated GaAs(111)Ga, GaAs(∼(111))As surfaces in spite of the large difference in their crystal structures. The in situ observation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction has shown that the grown film ha…
Containerless undercooling by electromagnetic levitation has been used to measure both growth velocity and grain size as a function of undercooling in Cu70Ni30 and Cu69Ni30B1 alloys. At a critical undercooling ΔT* the temperature dependence of the growth velocity changes discontinuously. This is accompanied by a sudde…
Abstract The formation of sodium cellulose is the first reaction step in some large scale derivatization process of cellulose, e.g., xantation or carboxymethylation, as well as in the mercerization of cotton. It was found that the sodium cellulose formation depends on some activators present in the steeping lye, as we…
A mathematical model for the growth process of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis is described. The model is a highly structured one. The driving motivation for development of the model and explicit accounting of major interactions of metabolic networks in the model is related to our eventual goal that the model will be…
Abstract A formation of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/alumina gel composite was investigated with a viewpoint of compatibility of the composite. An alumina sol was prepared from aluminium iso ‐propoxide (Al(iPro) 3 ). The alkoxide was hydrolyzed and the resultant hydrate was peptized to a clear sol with acetic acid. The c…
Abstract Nylon fabrics were treated by low temperature fluorocarbon plasmas. All of the fluorocarbon plasmas applied altered the surface of nylon fabrics to be hydrophobic and water‐repellent. The durability of hydrophobicity and water repellency was examined by measurements of the water contact angle, the water dropl…
Abstract The structure development of a PET film is studied during drawings under constant load. The evolution of crystallinity, amorphous orientation, and axial and planar birefringences is described along a deformation path. The influence of the stretching force and stretching temperature is also analysed.
Abstract In this study an immiscible blend of polypropylene(PP) and polycarbonate (PC) was examined. Experiments were carried out in an internal mixer and the objective was to examine the influence of the time of mixing, the speed of rotation of the rotors as well as the effect of time under quiescent conditions on th…
The electrical gating of microchannel plates can produce shutter times shorter than 100 ps. Previously, several different micro strip lines with independent electrical gating have been coated on a microchannel plate in order to obtain several image areas on one microchannel plate. We describe here design consideration…
Nuclear doping due to charged particles (protons and α-particles) in GaAs and InP is analysed. The analysis results in the conclusion about the donor and acceptor doping efficiency by irradiation. The nuclear doping process is investigated by the compact cylclotron MGC-20, proton and α-particle energies being about 15…
The T----R transition of the cooperative enzyme aspartate carbamoyltransferase occurs at pH 7 in single crystals without visibly cracking many of the crystals and leaving those uncracked suitable for single-crystal X-ray analysis. To promote the T----R transition, we employ the competitive inhibitors of carbamoyl phos…
In a number of experiments on sedimentation in colloidal suspensions, the formation of a vertically layered structure in the concentration profile has been observed. We argue that this may be interpreted as the formation of shock fronts in the concentration profile due to the concentration dependence of the sedimentat…
Using the various lines of a krypton-ion laser, we have measured energy distribution curves of near-band-gap photoemitted electrons from cesiated p-doped Si(100) surfaces at 90 K. For an excitation energy h\ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\ge}2.60 eV the analysis shows a h\ensuremath{\nu} independent peak at 2.05\ifmmode\p…
Single-crystal synchrotron-radiation data have been recorded, using an area detector, for a crystal of dimensions 4 x 8 x 125 p,m, composition SiO2, and the structure redetermined. R = 0.116 for 394 reflections with F > 6tr(F). The unit cell, and the framework of SiO4 tetrahedra, sharing corners, with channels paralle…