Materials Literature
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Abstract The thermomechanical properties, morphology, and gas permeability of hybrids prepared with three types of organoclays were compared in detail. Hexadecylamine–montmorillonite (C 16 –MMT), dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide–montmorillonite (DTA‐MMT), and Cloisite 25A were used as organoclays in the preparation o…
The dynamic behaviour of the ammonium ion in synthetic ND 4/NH4-phlogopite has been studied as a function of temperature by infrared spectroscopy, from room temperature to 20 K. Ammonium occupies the interlayer site in phlogopite. Orientational order-disorder of NH 4 + is a well-established phenomenon in ammonium chlo…
Phlogopitic micas of the solid solution binaries \(KMg_{3}[AlSi_{3}O_{10}](OH)_{2} (phlogopite) RbMg_{3}[AlSi_{3}O_{10}](OH)_{2} (Rbphlogopite)\) , \(phlogopite CsMg_{3}[AlSi_{3}O_{10}](OH)_{2} (Cs-phlogopite)\) , and \(phlogopite BaMg_{3}[Al_{2}Si_{2}O_{10}](OH)_{2}\) (kinoshitalite) have been synthesized at temperat…
The Wulff construction and the theory of Milner and Morse [Phys. Rev. E 54, 3793 (1996)] were used to calculate the shape of grains formed when a lamellar block copolymer phase is formed by a shallow quench into the ordered state. The calculations show that the grains are ellipsoids of revolution, with an aspect ratio…
Quantum dots of amorphous silicon are grown in a silicon nitride film by plasma-enhanced CVD using SiH4/N2. The size of the quantum dots could be controlled by changing the nitrogen to silane ratio in the plasma. FTIR measurements of Si quantum dot samples indicate that as the flow rate ratio of nitrogen to silane is…
A highly efficient and practical method for obtaining alpha,beta-epoxy ketones with high optical purities was developed. The chiral lanthanum complex self-organized in situ from lanthanum triisopropoxide, (R)-BINOL, triarylphosphine oxide, and alkyl hydroperoxide (1:1:1:1) was found to catalyze the epoxidation of alph…
The anisotropic OH stretching vibrational behavior of three birefringent garnet crystals with compositions close to the uvarovite-grossular binary from the locality Saranov (Ural Mountains, Russia) are investigated in detail by polarized IR micro-spectroscopy. These garnet samples exhibit low but significantly differe…
Matsubaraite, Sr 4 Ti 5 (Si 2 O 7 ) 2 O 8 , is a new member of the perrierite-chevkinite group found in the jadeitite from the Itoigawa-Ohmi district, central Japan. It is monoclinic, P 2 1 / a (pseudo C 2/ m ). a = 13.848(7), b = 5.626(2), c = 11.878(6) A, β = 114.19(4)°, V = 844 A 3 and Z = 2. The six strongest line…
By combining model-potential molecular-dynamics simulations and ab initio calculations we investigate the microscopic mechanism of silicon trapping by carbon substitutional defects ${(C}_{S}).$ We find that, upon silicon trapping, carbon is converted into an interstitial mobile complex ${(C}_{I})$ by an efficient exot…
Abstract A new triphenylamine‐containing aromatic dicarboxylic acid, N,N ′‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐ N,N ′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine, was synthesized by the condensation of N,N ′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine with 4‐fluorobenzonitrile, followed by the alkaline hydrolysis of the intermediate dinitrile compound. A serie…
Au nanocrystals spin-coated onto silicon from toluene form cellular networks. A quantitative statistical crystallography analysis shows that intercellular correlations drive the networks far from statistical equilibrium. Spin-coating from hexane does not produce cellular structure, yet a strong correlation is retained…
A study is presented of the self-assembly process that takes place during CTAB-templated silica film formation through in situ SAXS, interferometry and water titration investigations during evaporation associated with dip coating under various conditions. This work shows that the quantity of water present in the film…
The industrial use of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) radiation is growing rapidly and now penetrates an ever-widening range of applications, including electronics, printing, packaging. Resources and references for seasoned professionals abound, but few effectively introduce the field to newcomers or provide f…
X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is an element-, site- and symmetry-selective spectroscopic technique that has the potential to provide quantitative information on site occupancies in ferri- and ferro-magnetic minerals. XMCD spectra derived from the Fe L2,3 absorption edge of a series of synthetic spinel ferri…
By suitably adapting a recent approach [A. Laio and M. Parrinello, PNAS, 99, 12562 (2002)] we develop a powerful molecular dynamics method for the study of pressure-induced structural transformations. We use the edges of the simulation cell as collective variables. In the space of these variables we define a metadynam…
We consider spin-lattice relaxation processes for electrons trapped in lateral Si quantum dots in a $[001]$ inversion layer. Such dots are characterized by strong confinement in the direction perpendicular to the surface and much weaker confinement in the lateral direction. The spin relaxation is assumed to be due to…
The motion of molecules on solid surfaces is of interest for technological applications such as catalysis and lubrication, but it is also a theoretical challenge at a more fundamental level. The concept of activation barriers is very convenient for the interpretation of experiments and as input for Monte Carlo simulat…
Single crystals of the systems ${\mathrm{Pr}}_{0.5}({\mathrm{Ca}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{)}_{0.5}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3},$ $({\mathrm{Pr}}_{1\ensuremath{-}y}{\mathrm{Y}}_{y}{)}_{0.5}({\mathrm{Ca}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{)}_{0.5}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3},$ and ${\mathrm{Sm}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{0.5}{\math…
X-ray absorption spectra in a wide energy range around the 4d-4f excitation threshold of Gd were recorded by total electron yield from in-plane magnetized Gd metal films. Matching the experimental spectra to tabulated absorption data reveals unprecedented short light absorption lengths down to 3 nm. The associated rea…
The addition of transition metal elements can significantly modify physical properties of intermetalic compounds. We studied the influence of Molybdenum and Vanadium additives on thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) of Fe/sub 3/Al and FeAl over the wide range of temperatures. The site preference of both transition meta…