Materials Literature
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Over the past few years, MEMS and smart material technologies improvements have allowed autonomous sensor devices to become more and more widespread. As batteries are not always appropriate to power these systems, energy scavenging solutions from ambient power are currently being developed. In particular, many researc…
Highly [111]-oriented rhombohedral lead zirconate titanate [Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3;PZT] thin films were prepared on Pt(111)∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates by suitably combining pulsed laser deposition with sol-gel coating. Two distinctive types of the backscattering geometry were employed for the polarized Raman scattering study: (i)…
The propagation of light emitted from silicon nanocrystals forming planar waveguides buried in SiO2 is studied both experimentally and theoretically. Experiments reveal that photoluminescence spectra detected from the sample facet mainly contains narrow (10–20nm full-with-at-half-maximum) polarization-resolved transve…
We have studied the field emission from highly ordered closed and open tip carbon nanotubes (CNTs) fabricated, in the range of 550–750°C, on porous anodic aluminum oxide films. The field-emission efficiency of the closed and open tip CNTs showed the opposite behavior as the fabrication temperature increased. The forme…
In this article we present a setup of a spectrometer for near edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the carbon K-edge (284 eV). The spectrometer works with a laser produced plasma as x-ray source and a single x-ray optical element in grazing incidence configuration called off-axis reflection zone plate. Using differen…
We study the dynamics of photoinduced transition from ionic to neutral phases in tetrathiafulvalen-$p$-chloranil crystals by means of the fs time-resolved reflection spectroscopy at $6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. We find that the phase transition consists of three sequential steps: (1) Precursor neutral reg…
Abstract The thermophysical and mechanical properties of a nanocomposite material composed of amine‐cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) reinforced with organomontmorillonite clay are reported. The storage modulus at 100 °C, which was above the glass‐transition temperature ( T g ), increased approximately 350…
The binding of gold atoms to a small silica cluster has been studied by using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation. It is shown that gold atoms bind to silicon atoms with dangling bonds and serve as seeds for the growth of Au islands. The large electron affinit…
Nongeminally substituted cyclic phosphazenes with various haloalkyl substituents were prepared using deprotonation-substitution reactions at the methyl groups of the cis isomers of nongeminally substituted cis-[Me(Ph)P=N]3, 2. Treatment of 2 with n-BuLi followed by reaction with organic halogenated reagents (RX=C2Cl6,…
Using magnetron cosputtering of SiO2, Ge, and Si targets, Si-based SiO2:Ge:Si films were fabricated for exploring the influence of Si target proportion (PSi) and annealing temperature (Ta) on formation, local structure, and phonon properties of nanocrystalline Si1−xGex (nc-Si1−xGex). At low PSi and Ta higher than 800°…
The functionalization of mesoporous silica materials with alkyl peptidoamines by the co-condensation method was investigated. Alkylpeptidoamines were introduced via (aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). Samples were prepared by using a nonionic fluorinated surfactant CF 3 (CF 2 ) 7 C 2 H 4 (OC 2 H 4 ) 9 OH. Results ob…
Er -doped and Er∕Yb codoped soda-silicate laser glasses with various concentrations of Er and Yb were fabricated. The absorption and the photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured and analyzed. For the Er- doped soda-slilicate glasses, the optimum Er concentration for the PL intensity at 1536nm turns out to be 0.5at…
A new software tool, the maximum pixel spectrum, detects rare events within a spectrum image data cube, such as that generated with electron-excited energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry in a scanning electron microscope. The maximum pixel spectrum is a member of a class of 'derived spectra' that are constructed from t…
Palladium nanoparticles were deposited using a sequential electroless deposition technique on the pore walls of nanoporous anodic alumina. For the particle deposition a Pd(NH3)42+ solution was soaked in the alumina membrane and a heated air flow was applied in order to reduce the palladium complex to palladium metal n…
A versatile Knudsen type effusion cell has been fabricated for growing nanostructures and epitaxial layers of metals and semiconductors. The cell provides excellent vacuum compatibility (10−10 mbar range during operation), efficient water cooling, uniform heating, and moderate input power consumption (100 W at 1000 °C…
The ion species ratios in low energy high flux deuterium plasma beams formed in a linear plasma generator were measured by a quadrupole mass spectrometer. And the species control in the plasma generator was evaluated by changing the operational parameters like neutral pressure, arc current, and axial magnetic confinem…
In this study, a two-step annealing method is advanced to produce high-quality ZnO films with excellent structural, electrical, and optical properties. The effects of oxygen and nitrogen annealing on the properties of undoped ZnO films are reversible to each other and are attributed to the creation and annihilation of…
We perform for the first time photoluminescence excitation (PLE) studies of individual nanocrystals (NCs) that reveal the structure of excited-state transitions not obscured by ensemble averaging. Single-NC PLE spectra strongly deviate from a traditional idealized picture of sharp, quasiatomic resonances. We detect on…
Some solid compounds can exist in two or more polymorphs with different atomic structures but the same chemical composition. Similar behavior has been observed for glasses and liquids, where the phenomenon is termed polyamorphism. In their Perspective, Yarger and Wolf highlight the reports by Katayama et al. and Tanak…
To reexamine the established "auxiliary donor" effect of thiophene in nonlinear optical (NLO) chromophores, we have prepared two isomeric donor-acceptor azo dyes, differing only in the position of the thiophene. Experimental analysis of these chromophores, including electric field-induced second harmonic generation (E…