Materials Literature
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There has been a major controversy over the past seven years about the high-pressure melting curves of transition metals. Static compression (diamond-anvil cell: DAC) experiments up to the Mbar region give very low melting slopes dT_m/dP, but shock-wave (SW) data reveal transitions indicating much larger dT_m/dP value…
The microscopic origin of the magnetically driven ferroelectricity in collinear $E$-type antiferromagnetic (AFM-$E$) orthorhombic manganites is explained by means of first-principles Wannier functions. We show that the polarization is mainly determined by the asymmetric electron hopping of orbitally polarized ${e}_{g}…
Using sedimentation to obtain precisely controlled packings of noncohesive spheres, we find that the volume fraction ${\ensuremath{\phi}}_{\mathrm{RLP}}$ of the loosest mechanically stable packing is in an operational sense well defined by a limit process. This random loose packing volume fraction decreases with decre…
We report the fabrication and properties of a polymeric memristor, i.e. an electronic element with memory of its previous history. We show how this element can be viewed as a functional analog of a synaptic junction and how it can be used as a critical node in adaptive networks capable of bioinspired intelligent signa…
Since the pioneering work of S.Y. Chou et al.[1] Nano Imprint Lithography (NIL) has emerged as a promising technique for surface patterning, opening for numerous applications ranging from nanophotonics[2] to microfluidics[3]. NIL basically consists in the stamping of deformable surfaces or films. Preferred materials a…
The segmental and local chain dynamics as well as the transport of Na + and Li + cations in a series of model poly(ethylene oxide)-based polyurethane ionomers is investigated using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. A physical model of electrode polarization is employed to separately determine mobile ion concentratio…
Horizontally aligned single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are highly desired for SWNT device applications. A large variety of metals including Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pt, Pd, Mn, Mo, Cr, Sn, Au, Mg, and Al successfully catalyzed the growth of such tubes on stable temperature (ST)-cut quartz by lattice guidance. In addition,…
We study the effects of site dilution disorder on the electronic properties in graphene multilayers, in particular the bilayer and the infinite stack. The simplicity of the model allows for an easy implementation of the coherent-potential approximation and some analytical results. Within the model we compute the self-…
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been reported to stabilize carbon nanotube (CNT) suspensions, which increases concern over the subsequent transport and behavior of CNTs. However, it is unknown exactly which compounds or functional groups cause the stabilization of CNTs in natural environments. Naturally occurring t…
A first-principles investigation of the electronic properties of boron nitride nanoribbons (BNNRs) having either armchair or zigzag shaped edges passivated by hydrogen with widths up to 10 nm is presented. Band gaps of armchair BNNRs exhibit family dependent oscillations as the width increases and, for ribbons wider t…
Motivated by recent neutron scattering experiments, we study the ordering of spins in the iron-based superconductors $\mathrm{LaFeAs}({\mathrm{O}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{F}}_{x})$, assuming them in proximity to a Mott insulator in the phase diagram. The ground state of the parent system with $x=0$ is a spin-densit…
The properties of suspended graphene are currently attracting enormous interest, but the small size of available samples and the difficulties in making them severely restrict the number of experimental techniques that can be used to study the optical, mechanical, electronic, thermal, and other characteristics of this…
Alkannin and shikonin (A/S) are potent pharmaceutical substances with a wide spectrum of biological activity like wound healing, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer [1,2]. A/S comprise the active ingredients of pharmaceutical preparations in several forms, such as powder form (A/S or a mixture of isohexeny…
Using a combination of atomic-resolution high-angle annular dark-field (HAADF) Z-contrast imaging and ab initio calculations, atomic models of clusters 2 nm in diameter and 0.8 nm in height are proposed for the Al–Co–Ni pentagonal quasicrystal. This quasicrystal has 5-fold symmetry (the so-called 5f state) without sup…
This work has derived the dielectric tensor of a carbon nanotube media using a microscopic model of interaction between the lattice of the nanotube and the electromagnetic field. Since the derivation is achieved within the linear oscillator formalism, a direct quantization procedure for the above formulation is straig…
Abstract The foam index test can be useful for predicting air-entraining admixture (AEA) dosage in concrete or for evaluating AEA interaction with other mixture ingredients. The test is sensitive to several factors including container type and fullness, volume of materials, agitation, pipette precision, and others. Th…
The problem of analytical description of the space-time nucleation of the crystal phase is solved using the theory of nonuniform and nonstationary fluctuations of density and temperature and the method of deterministic chaos.
A simple model, which reflects the main features of the phase equilibria between austenite, ferrite, and cementite, is proposed to study the growth kinetics of pearlite-type eutectoid colonies. The previously developed microscopic theory of diffusional phase transformations in alloys developed earlier is used to simul…
Catalysis of cure reaction between N‐methylaniline‐blocked polyisocyanate and hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene was investigated using a variety of tertiary amine and organotin catalysts. The catalytic activity of amine and organotin compounds was determined from the cure‐time results. It was found that the activity o…
A twin type thermal conduction calorimeter has been specially designed and constructed for absolute measurement of tritium, and then its performance was examined using two kinds of tritium samples, i.e., ZrNi alloy powders loaded with a given amount of tritium. Total amounts of tritium in the ZrNi alloy powders were p…