Materials Literature
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Abstract Compaction of concrete is physically a collapse of the material porous microstructure. It produces plastic strains in the material and, at the same time, an increase of its bulk modulus. This paper presents two experimental techniques aimed at obtaining the hydrostatic response of concrete and mortar. The fir…
We present electron energy-loss spectroscopy measurements on isolated single-walled carbon nanotubes and their bundles performed in a scanning transmission-electron microscope. Spectra are obtained over a range of impact parameters, from the centers of the samples to several nanometers outside the material. Curve-fitt…
The dc electric-field dependence of dielectric constant in the paraelectrics, ${\mathrm{KTaO}}_{3}$ single crystals, ${\mathrm{CaTiO}}_{3}$ and ${(Ln}_{1/2}{\mathrm{Na}}_{1/2}){\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ $(Ln=\mathrm{La}$ and Nd) ceramics is studied at cryogenic temperatures in the dc electric-field range 0--60 kV/cm. The res…
AIMS: The following polymers were developed: polyethylene (PE), a PE and polyethylene oxide (70% PE and 30% PEO; PE + PEO) blend, PE and nisin (PE + nisin), PE, nisin, and EDTA (PE + nisin + EDTA), and PE + PEO with nisin (PE + PEO + nisin). METHODS AND RESULTS: Of the polymers tested, PE and PE + PEO did not exhibit…
In recent years, experimental and computational studies have demonstrated that the dynamics of glass-forming liquids are spatially heterogeneous, exhibiting regions of temporarily enhanced or diminished mobility. Here we present a detailed analysis of dynamical heterogeneity in a simulated "bead-spring" model of a low…
A modeling study of C 60 in nanotubes is presented, with focus on a new approach. We report on the elastic properties, energetics, and certain tribological issues, for C 60 inside ( n, n ) nanotubes, with n ranging from 5 to 10. A new combined molecular dynamics/continuum approach with account of both the nonbonded an…
We calculate the optical conductivity of the CuO double chains of PrBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ by the mean-field approximation for the coupled two-chain Hubbard model around quarter filling. We show that the $\sim$40 meV peak structure, spectral shape, and small Drude weight observed in experiment are reproduced well by the pr…
Effects of dipole-dipole interactions on the magnetic relaxation have been investigated for three Fe-C nanoparticle samples with volume concentrations of 0.06, 5 and 17 vol%. While both the 5 and 17 vol% samples exhibit collective behavior due to dipolar interactions, only the 17 vol% sample displays critical behavior…
This book chapter reviews the current status of Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) for coated conductor applications of YBCO on metallic tapes. Clearly, PLD is one of the most promising techniques - particularly for thick films - and has led to some of the highest critical currents Jc. The reputation of PLD as being an exp…
We report a new approach to simulate amorphous networks of covalently bonded materials that leads to excellent radial distribution functions and realistic atomic arrangements. We apply it to generate the first ab initio structures of nitrogen-doped silicon, a-SiNx, for thirteen values of x from 0 to the nearly stoichi…
Carbon nitride spheres, with diameters ranging from 20 microns to as few as 30 nanometers were prepared by template-directed solid-state or solution reaction of cyanuric chloride or fluoride with lithium nitride. The electron microscopy data on the hollow spheres suggest their multiwalled nanostructure, built by disor…
Abstract The degree of reversibility of the melting of multiblock copolymers of alternating oligoamides and oligoethers was investigated with respect to the composition and molecular mass of the blocks. The analysis was conducted with temperature‐modulated calorimetry, and it revealed different degrees of reversibilit…
A Raman study of the double-perovskite system ${\mathrm{La}}_{(2\ensuremath{-}x)/3}{\mathrm{Li}}_{x}{\mathrm{TiO}}_{3}$ is presented. The in-plane vibration of Ti cations shows a soft-mode behavior on lowering the temperature, though the softening ceases below 60 K. The freezing-in of the atomic displacements involved…
Monocyte and macrophage adhesion and foreign body giant cell (FBGC) formation has been observed on surfaces with a wide range of properties. In this study we have utilized novel, temperature-responsive surfaces (TRS) with dynamic surface properties to investigate inflammatory cell adhesion behavior. With temperature c…
We propose new tunable liquid crystal Fabry-Perot filters for fiber-optical telecommunication application. The filters have a low insertion loss, fast response time, wide tunable range to cover total c-band, or L-band, or both. They are solid-state filters without moving parts and the tuning voltages are low.
The propensity of a primary-knock-on-atom (PKA) to produce defects in zircon is investigated by molecular-dynamics simulations. The dynamic behavior of highly directed collision sequences in each of the sublattices is examined for a range of energies up to 200 eV. The energy range is limited by the system size, which…
Cyanobiphenyls (nCB's) represent a useful and intensively studied class of mesogens. Many of the peculiar properties of nCB's (e.g., the occurrence of the partial bilayer smectic-A(d) phase) are thought to be a manifestation of short-range antiparallel association of neighboring molecules, resulting from strong dipole…
The Sr 1 - x La 1+ x Al 1 - x Mg x O 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.7) solid solution with the K 2 NiF 4 structure has been prepared by a new “Chimie Douce” route for the first time. The crystal structures have been refined, from X-ray diffraction patterns, in a tetragonal lattice with the I 4/ mmm space group. The evolution of Raman a…
Abstract We report structural factors affecting the optical properties of blown polyethylene films. Two types of blown polyethylene films of similar degrees of crystallinity were made from (1) single‐site‐catalyst high‐density polyethylene (HDPE; STAR α) and (2) Ziegler–Natta‐catalyst HDPE (ZN) resins. The STAR α film…
The resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}$ has been measured up to 900 K in ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ $(0<~x<~0.15)$ single crystals to investigate the nature of charge transport phenomena both above and below the cooperative Jahn-Teller orbital-ordering temperature ${(T}_{\m…