Materials Literature
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Space-mapping (SM) technique is applied for design optimization of antireflection (AR) coatings for photonic devices such as the semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA). The approximate and efficient transfer matrix method (TMM) serves as the coarse model for design optimization, whereas the time-intensive and accurate…
We have developed a new manufacturing process for nickel-free austenitic stainless steel. In combination with machining and a nitrogen absorption treatment, this process makes it possible to form small precise devices. However, the temperature for the nitrogen absorption, 1473 K, was sufficiently high for grain growth…
An article written in Japanese in 1979 recorded the reexamination of the Pasteur's experiment on spontaneous resolution and many useful sketches of the hemihedral crystals of sodium ammonium tartrate.
The behavior of ferroelectric liquid crystals in an external electric field is simulated numerically. The equations that describe the dynamics of the director of a liquid crystal are derived within the continuum theory of elasticity with due regard for compressibility of smectic layers, finite anchoring energy, and di…
Dispersion analysis was performed on Fourier transform infrared transmission spectra taken on thermally grown SiO 2 films on Si(100) substrates at 950°C in dry oxygen with thicknesses between 14 and 100 nm. It was found that within the range 900 1400 cm − 1 , these spectra were best described by four Lorentzian osci…
Abstract A new class of phenalenyl‐based neutral radical molecular conductors has recently been reported; a distinctive feature of these molecular solids is the absence of the well‐defined conducting pathway(s) that are characteristic of the organic charge‐transfer salts. These radicals do not stack in the solid state…
Magnesium alloy AZ91 contains 0.1 to 0.3 mass% manganese as an alloying element. Such manganese always reacts with aluminum and produces various compounds. Actually, numerous Mn-bearing particles are visible in polished surfaces under an optical microscope. Some Mn-bearing particles are also expected to be present in…
Vapor grown carbon fiber (VGCF) is a kind of carbon nanotube (CNT), which has outstanding properties such as high mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity. In this study, injection molding properties of polystyrene (PS) filled with VGCF and evaluation of mechanical and electrical properties are discussed i…
The non-cyclic polyoxo(thio)molybdate(V)-sulfite K6(NH4)14{[Mo2V(μ-S)2O2]6(μ3-SO3)4(μ-SO3)12}·7H2O 1 was prepared by self-condensation of [Mo2V(μ-S)2O2]2+ building block in the presence of (NH4)2SO3. Compound 1 was characterized by X-ray structure analysis as well as IR, UV-vis spectroscopies and thermogravimetric ana…
A brief review of some aspects of technology and applications of the sol-gel technology is presented. The content is divided into three parts concerning: (1) synthetic aspects of this technique, (2) optical sensors (optodes) and (3) pure and doped silica nanopowders manufactured by the sol-gel method. The versatility…
A benzene-ethanol-water mixture was investigated as the solvent medium in synthesizing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The process of carboxymethylation was optimized to produce CMC with DS > I.0, solution viscosity about 1500 mpa·s, and with uniform distribution of substituents. It is possible to scale up this process…
La réaction d’éthérification directe du glycérol en di- ou triglycérol est une voie intéressante de transformation du glycérol. En effet, les polyglycérols mais aussi les esters de polyglycérols trouvent de nombreuses applications comme tensioactifs dans l’industrie chimique. Toutefois les procédés industriels ne cond…
The electrical breakdown of insulating materials is strongly affected by the formation of space charge in the bulk of materials. Many researchers have attempted to study the relationship between the space charge and the breakdown, but it has not been clarified yet. Although the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method has…
A toughening concept for glass, based on exploiting the ferroelastic effect of piezoelectric particles embedded in a glass matrix, is described. It is hypothesized that the domains within a piezoelectric phase will align themselves in the direction of the stress field around an advancing crack, thus absorbing energy a…
The enzymatic degradation of chemically synthesized poly(R,S-3-hydroxybutanoate) (PHB) to a reactive cyclic oligomer under continuous flow using an enzyme column was studied and directed towards green chemical recycling. It was confirmed that atactic and syndiotactic PHBs were quantitatively transformed into the corre…
The results presented in this article demonstrate the feasibility of “all‐solid‐state” inorganic electrochromic (EC) variable emittance coatings (VEC) for thermal management in space. VECs were built on glass substrates, flexible polyimide (Kapton™) films, and on high resistance silicon wafers. The best VECs were foun…
(2003). Cementing The Gap Between Ceramics, Cements, And Polymers. Materials Technology: Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 162-168.
Purpose: Renal vasoconstriction with resultant tissue hypoxia, especially in the renal medulla, has been suggested to play a role in contrast media (CM)-induced nephropathy. Endothelin (ET) is released into the blood stream following CM injection and has been proposed as a potential mediator through its vasoconstricti…
Colloidal particles of α-, β, γ-FeOOH, Fe3O4 and poorly crystallized iron oxide, the components of steel rusts, were prepared by hydrolysis and oxidation of aqueous solutions of Fe(II) or Fe(III) containing Ti(IV), Cr(III), Cu(II) and Ni(II) which enhance resistance to corrosion. The obtained rust particles were chara…
The variation of stress and resistivity with time, the phenomenon of self-annealing, is studied in a copper interconnection layer deposited by electroplating. In a conventional copper sulfate layer deposited on a TaN barrier layer, a high stress copper layer, the resistivity and stress are high and decrease rapidly wi…