Materials Literature
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In a previous study (B. Reihl and K.O. Magnusson, Phys. Rev. B 42 (1990) 11 839) no change was observed in the LEED pattern from the 2 × 1 pattern of the clean Si(111) surface upon potassium adsorption. In contrast to this paper, we observe six surface phases during room temperature dosing of K on the cleaved Si(111)…
The reactions of ana-anthraquinones with nucleophiles have been studied in order to find the photochromic compounds with the lowest fatigue. The primary stage of the reaction between 9-aryloxy-1,10-anthraquinones and nucleophiles (water, alcohols, primary amines) is the reaction of nucleophilic 1,4-addition. The elect…
Multilayer amorphous selenium-based photoreceptors were prepared by thermal evaporation in a vacuum at . Amorphous multilayers of Se/CdSe, as well as a combination of a thin film and multilayers were used as photogeneration layers. `Pure' Se or were the transport layers. The xerographic properties of the photoreceptor…
Abstract Surface SHG was observed, when a quartz plate with a submonolayer of viologen molecules on the surface was dipped into the heptane solution of 4,4′-dialkoxyazobenzene. Isomerization of the azobenzene moiety from the trans- to cis- form induced large increase in the SHG. The SHG was ascribed to intramolecular…
The variation of culture conditions - such as inoculation procedures, cultivation times, subspecies of Acetobacter xylinum and carbon sources - lead to different bacterial cellulose products. After isolation and purification of the bacterial cellulose (BC) from the culture medium the BC was analyzed by subsequent mild…
The Rigid-Unit model has been developed to describe phase transitions in which polyhedral units of several atoms maintain their integrity on collective motion. Previously, lattice dynamics calculations have been performed on such structures at zero temperature and with infinitesimal rotations of the rigid units. Molec…
Carbon monoxide adsorption on ceria dispersed on silica (CeSi) and alumina (CeAl) at 300–80 K was observed by in-situ IR spectroscopy. For control purposes, CO adsorption was also observed on unsupported CeO 2 and the individual support materials (SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 ). The adsorbents were prepared ex situ by heating a…
An anomalous high indium tin oxide etch rate, i.e., 1630 Å/min, reactive ion etching condition has been obtained. This process is based on the combination of high temperature, i.e., 250° C, and a mixture of HCl and CH 4 gases. Throughout the whole range of the gas composition, the highest etch rate is obtainable in a…
Abstract: Since 1972 the author and colleagues at Ford Motor Company have been publishing results of materials analyses which were obtained using ambient temperature or cryomicrotomy as one of the sample preparation techniques. Generally two types of sectioning, thin and ultrathin, were pursued for light-optical and e…
In semicrystalline (SC) polymers, the mechanical and dielectric loss spectra generally show (at least) one absorption peak between the melting temperature Tm, of the crystalline phase [1–14] and the glass transition temperature Tg, of the amorphous phase. The first peak just below Tm, is called αc its amplitude increa…
Multilayer optical coatings which heated and defogged the substrate, provided permeation barriers to water and air, and controlled emittance have been developed. All coatings were deposited by reactive dc and rf magnetron sputtering, and the polymer multilayer process being developed at Pacific Northwest National Labo…
A micromechanics study is made of the rate-dependent thermal softening behavior of a tungsten matrix composite containing glassy particles. Under adiabatic compression of the composite, the elastic glassy particles thermally soften at relatively high strains, enhancing the thermal softening of the tungsten-based compo…
X-ray diffraction experiments under coherent conditions have been made possible by the development of new sources of synchrotron radiation, but make tough demands on the experimental apparatus. Here we describe the design and initial testing of a precision aperture that uses polished molybdenum rods as the slit blades…
A small amount of glass based on 4 PbO.B2O3 system has been utilized to bring down the sintering temperature of PZT ceramics and to enhance the piezoelectric and dielectric properties. The mechanism of liquid phase sintering increases surface diffusion and accelerates the grain growth processes. The specimens sintered…
Abstract This unit describes a gene fusion expression system that uses thioredoxin, the product of the Escherichia coli trxA gene, as the fusion partner. The inherent thermal stability of thioredoxin and its susceptibility to quantitative release from the E. coli cytoplasm by osmotic shock can also be exploited as use…
Polycarbonate (PC)/polystyrene (PS) blend is an immiscible system. The use of copolymers as compatibilizers in blends of immiscible polymers is one approach which is being developed within the larger field of polymer blends and alloys. The methods for preparing PC–PS copolymers are difficult and complicated. In this p…
Rates of mass transfer at hemispherical cavities machined in the wall of a vertical rectangular duct were measured by an electrochemical technique which involved measuring the limiting current of the cathodic reduction of K3Fe(CN)6 Variables studied were solution flow rate, physical properties of the solution and cavi…
Prior experimental observations reveal that the transformation stress and strain of single-crystal shape memory alloys (SMAs) are strongly anisotropic and moderately asymmetric. Models capable of evaluating the anisotropy of transformation stress are now available for unconstrained and constrained transformation of si…
The kinetics of adsorption and desorption of carbon monoxide on Ir(111) have been investigated using the well-defined and carefully calibrated IR absorption peak position of the CO intramolecular stretching vibration as a nonintrusive coverage probe. Experiments were performed with time-resolved Fourier transform infr…
Fire resistant sheet moulding compounds based on biofibre-glass hybrid reinforcements were developed and the efficacy of the fire retardancy was determined by the measurement of the limiting oxygen index and the results were correlated with the differential scanning colorimetric data.