Materials Literature
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Recently it has been discovered that lanthanum, yttrium, and other metal hydride films show dramatic changes in the optical properties at the metal-insulator transition. Such changes on a high energy scale suggest the electronic structure is best described by a local model based on negatively charged hydrogen (H$^-$)…
Electronic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies are applied to study the adsorption of rhodamine 3B dye on Laponite particles in aqueous suspensions. The adsorption on the clay favors the aggregation of the dye. The monomer and aggregates of rhodamine 3B can be adsorbed on both the external and the internal surf…
The dream of molecular electronics and optics has recently been approached by several groups working on nanochemistry. They succeeded in building a transistor from a CdSe nanoparticle synthesized by wet-chemical methods (see diagram on the right) which can operate with single electrons. In the field of optics the lumi…
Allgemeingültige Prinzipien für das Design von tetraedrischen M4L4-Clustern (L=Ligand) werden am Beispiel der Bildung und Struktur der rechts abgebildeten [Ti4L4]8−-Spezies näher erläutert.
The physical principles of the MRI model (abbreviation for mixing-roughness- information depth) for the theoretical calculation of measured concentration- depth profiles obtained in sputter depth profiling with AES, XPS, SIMS, etc. are outlined. The main features of the calculation and the respective visual Basic prog…
The results of an experiment on the thermal stability of LiF GR-200 are presented. The evolution of the glow curves after controlled storage at 40(C and 70(C was studied in order to draw conclusions valid for environmental exposures. The comparison of the changes experienced by dosemeters irradiated before and after s…
LiF:Mg,Cu,P phosphors, which have a very high thermoluminescent (TL) sensitivity, are attractive for low level radiation monitoring. While the roles of Mg- and P- related defects on the TL process in this material are reasonably well understood, the role of the Cu impurity is still unclear. In this research, extended…
We analyze statistical probability distributions of intensities collected by diffraction techniques like Low-Energy Electron Diffraction. A simple theoretical model based in hard-sphere potentials and LEED formalism is investigated for different values of relevant parameters: energy, angle of incidence, muffin-tin pot…
An analytic derivation of the spinodal of a polydisperse mixture is presented. It holds for fluids whose excess free energy can be accurately described by a function of a few moments of the size distribution. It is shown that one such mixture of hard spheres in the Percus-Yevick approximation never demixes, despite it…
We study the role of diamagnetic effects on the transport properties of metallic magnetic multilayers to elucidate whether they can explain the Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) effect observed in those systems. Realistic Fermi surface topologies in layered ferromagnets are taken into account, with the possibilities of di…
Abstract The technique of photo-electron emission microscopy (PEEM) is based on imaging of photo excited electrons from a surface. Typically ultra violet (UV) light above the work function of a metal will cause electrons to be emitted from a surface. Since photo excited electrons originate very near to the surface, th…
Abstract Compositional mapping with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS) in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) is one of the most widely used techniques for elemental imaging of microstructures. SEM/EDS maps are usually qualitative presentations of elemental distributions in x-y space. In older implementatio…
V2O5 is a layered semiconducting oxide, which is used as a catalyst for the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons. In view of its catalytic applications, the vibrational properties of the (001) surface were examined by means of HREELS, a technique which is uniquely sensitive to the first layers' characteristics. On a clea…
Abstract Achieving superplasticity in fine-grained ceramics is a potential method to lower energy costs associated with ceramic manufacturing via net shape forming. Superplasticity is intrinsic in 3-mol%- yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (3Y-TZP), and can be enhanced by addition of glass to form inte…
Abstract A large number of electroceramics derive their technologically useful and scientifically appealing properties via electrically active (charged) interfaces.[l] These interfaces can be simple grain boundaries in, for example, varistors, to complicated domain configuration in ferroelectric thin films. Several co…
Abstract Interest in electron beam x-ray microanalysis with low incident beam energies, defined arbitrarily as 5 keV and below, has been greatly stimulated in recent years by the development of the high performance field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEG-SEM), which can produce a nanometer-scale probe wit…
Point-defect formation energies were calculated using a molecular static method in a Mott-Littleton approximation for defects in ionic crystals. Energy barriers for oxygen migration in metal-oxygen planes were determined. The results obtained are compared with the experimental ones and those previously calculated for .
Polycrystalline (ZnSe)x(CdS)1−x (0≤x≤1.0) films were formed on glass substrates kept at a temperature of 197°C by thermal evaporation technique. The dark conductivity and thermoelectric power were measured and were used to calculate the electron density and mobility. The temperature dependences of electrical conductiv…
In this work, the efficiency of starch acetylation to reduce water sensitivity of hydrophilic materials was investigated. Starch acetate was either included in foamed starch trays and/or used to coat these trays, wheat gluten based films or paper sheets. The water sensitivity of these foamed trays (quantity and kineti…
Abstract Phase segregation is important in determining the properties of many complex polymers, including polyurethanes. Achieving a better understanding of the links between formulation, chemical nature of segregated phases, and physical properties, has the potential to aid development of improved polymers. However,…