Materials Literature
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Giant magnetoresistance (-1530%) in NiS was observed under magnetic field 4 T at temperature 268 K. The mechanical is related to a magnetic field-induced magnetic and electrical transition from antiferromagnetic anomalous-metal phase to paramagnetic metal phase below temperature 270 K.
We present precise experimental data suggesting that domains cooperate in ferromagnetic hysteresis. This model has potential applications in magnetostrictive transducers, transformer design, magnetoelastic effects and hysteresis in general. For an annealed 3% nickel steel alloy, we measured magnetic induction from the…
The distribution of Cd, In, and Sn cations on the spinel lattice was investigated across the solid solution, Cd1+xIn2−2xSnxO4. Convergent beam electron diffraction was used to establish the presence of the spinel crystallography throughout the solid solution. Atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis was empl…
Structural and magnetic properties of La1−xSmxCoO3 with x=0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.12, 0.16, and 0.2 have been systematically studied. LaCoO3 exhibits a rhombohedral structure of R3̄C symmetry. The lattice parameters decrease progressively with the incorporation of Sm, and a second orthorhombic phase of Pbnm symme…
The Pb207, Sc45, and Nb93 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra have been measured for the relaxor ferroelectric single crystal Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3 both above and below Tc. The Sc45 spectra suggest that the “disordered” part of the crystal occupies about 60% and the “ordered” cubic part about 40% of the crystal volume. In a…
Polymers of α-hydroxy acids, like polylactic acid (PLA), are known to hydrolyze in the presence of water, and are widely used as degradable materials. Other hydroxy acid polymers, like poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL), are also degradable, but they require catalysis by an enzyme or an external acid such as HCl. The hydrolysi…
Hydrolyzable lactic acid-based aliphatic polyesters are among the most promising environment-friendly degradable polymers for temporary commodity applications. The properties of the semi-crystalline members of the family are comparable to those of many presently used, industrial thermoplastic polymers. However, a glas…
The visible (VIS) upconversion luminescence of Cs2ZrCl6: x% Os4+ (x=0.1,1) upon excitation in the near infrared (NIR) is presented and analyzed. The crystals of Cs2ZrCl6: x% Os4+ (x=0.1,1) were synthesized by the Bridgman technique. VIS luminescence around 17 000 cm−1 is induced by NIR excitation between 10 500 and 14…
The density of electronic defect states in most forms of amorphous carbon deposited at room temperature is found so far to be very high (1018–1022 spins cm−3). In this letter, we demonstrate that the radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) thin film exhibits the l…
Recent advances in pseudoanionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters initiated with covalent metal alkoxides and carboxylates are reviewed. General aspects of covalent ROP are discussed: first, thermodynamics, particularly of monomers exhibiting low ring strain. Then, structures of covalent initiators,…
The effects of electrical current stressing on the field emission characteristics of hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) thin films are reported. In these a-C:H films an initial conditioning treatment of the film is often required before the onset of stable emission and only after several voltage cycles do the value…
Photoaddressable polymers based on azobenzene side-chains have recently drawn a lot of industrial attention due to their possible application as data storage media. From the scientific point of view an additional effect, the occurrence of light induced surface relief gratings, is nowadays extensively studied. This art…
Careful control of the microstructure of an adsorbed monolayer of colloidal particles is important for creating nanostructured devices through self-assembly processes. We present a computational model study for self-assembly of colloidal or nanoscale particulate systems. We develop a new technique for simulating collo…
In elastically inhomogeneous alloys, in which the shear modulus depends on the composition, coarsening in phase separation can be pinned even without quenched disorder. Here networks in the soft phase enclose the domains in the hard phase. Highly asymmetric strains in the two regions create large free energy barriers…
The alignment mechanism of liquid crystals on polymeric surfaces that were patterned using an atomic force microscope (AFM) tip was studied by polarizing optical microscopy. Depending on the thickness of the polymer, polymer chain alignment or grooves appear to be responsible for the liquid crystal alignment. In thick…
Poly(β-hydroxyalkanoates), (PHAs), are produced by a wide variety of microorganism. Due to their natural origin these, biopolyesters are biodegradable and biocompatible. The inherent biocompatibility of the material made it an ideal candidate for biomedical applications. PHAs, in particular poly(β-hydroxybutyrate), (P…
Spores of Bacillus subtilis are significantly more resistant to wet heat than are their vegetative cell counterparts. Analysis of the effects of mutations in and the expression of fusions of a coding gene for a thermostable beta-galactosidase to a number of heat shock genes has shown that heat shock proteins play no s…
An X-ray scattering experiment using synchrotron radiation has been performed on rutile-type β-MnO 2 single crystal. Below T N , satellites due to magnetic scattering appear, which provides direct evidence of a helical magnetic structure. The wave number of the magnetic helix is approximately 0.297 c * , incommensurat…
Presently, the best epitaxial thin films of CrO2 are made by chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) in a two-zone furnace with oxygen flow from a CrO3 precursor. The growth mode has previously been described as CrO3 vaporizing in the first zone, and thermally decomposing at higher temperature in the second zone onto a substr…
The electrical and optical properties of carbon-nitride CNx films (0⩽x⩽0.25) deposited by unbalanced reactive magnetron sputtering from a graphite target in mixed Ar/N2 discharges at a substrate temperature of 350 °C have been investigated. Pure C films exhibit a dark conductivity at room temperature of 25 Ω−1 cm−1, w…