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About the secondary electron yield and the sign of charging of electron irradiated insulators

J. Cazaux2001-09-01The European Physical Journal Applied Physics

Following the total yield approach (used to predict the sign of charging of electron irradiated insulators) a positive charging is expected when the primary beam energy Ep is situated in the energy range where the number of outgoing electrons, , is larger than the number of incoming electrons, I0. But a negative charg…

Semiconductor materials and devicesX-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence AnalysisElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques

Photo-Induced Long-Lived Intramolecular Electron Transfer in a Co Valence Tautomeric Complex

Osamu Sato、Shinya Hayami、Zhong-Ze Gu 等 6 位作者2001-09-01Chemistry Letters

Abstract A photo-induced valence tautomerism was observed in a Co complex, [CoIII-LS(phen)(3,5-DBSQ)(3,5-DBCat)]. In this system, visible light illumination induces an electron transfer from 3,5-DBCat to CoIII-LS, producing [CoII-HS(phen)(3,5-DBSQ)2]. The resultant photo-induced metastable state could be trapped more…

Metal complexes synthesis and propertiesMagnetism in coordination complexesMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms

Preisach distribution function approach to piezoelectric nonlinearity and hysteresis

G. Robert、Dragan Damjanović、N. Setter2001-09-01Journal of Applied Physics

The Preisach approach was used to describe the widely observed quadratic field dependence of the direct longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient and its associated hysteresis loop. In this perspective, a four parameters distribution function was put forward and refined experimentally using bias stress variations. It per…

Force Microscopy Techniques and ApplicationsMagnetic Properties and ApplicationsPiezoelectric Actuators and Control

On the symmetry and crystal chemistry of britholite: New structural and microanalytical data

Roberta Oberti、Luisa Ottolini、Giancarlο Della Ventura 等 4 位作者2001-09-01American Mineralogist

We provide in this paper complete structural and micro-chemical characterization of two britholite samples with compositions (Mn 0.04 Ca 4.75 REE 4.37 Th 0.72 U 0.12 )Σ 10.00 (Si 5.57 P 0.25 B 0.16 )Σ 5.98 O 24 (OH 0.23 F 1.77 )Σ 2.00 (from Latium, Italy) and (Na 0.98 Ca 2.01 REE 6.97 )Σ 9.96 (Si 5.07 P 0.75 )Σ 5.82 O…

Geological and Geochemical AnalysisCrystal Structures and PropertiesNuclear materials and radiation effects

Fabrication of nanohole array on Si using self-organized porous alumina mask

Shoso Shingubara、Osamu Okino、Yasuhiko Murakami 等 5 位作者2001-09-01Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing Measurement and Phenomena

Formation of the ordered array of nanoholes on Si was investigated by the use of the self-organized porous alumina nanoholes array etching mask that is directly formed on the Si substrate by sputtering and subsequent anodic oxidation. Reactive ion etching using chlorine plasma against a porous alumina/thin-SiO2(10 nm)…

Nanowire Synthesis and ApplicationsAnodic Oxide Films and NanostructuresSmart Materials for Construction

Electrical Properties of Mg Doped (Ba0.5Sr0.5)TiO3 Thin Films

Ki Hyun Yoon、Jae Chan Lee、Jihoon Park Heon Kang 等 5 位作者2001-09-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

The microstructures and electrical characteristics of Mg doped (Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 )TiO 3 (BSTM) thin films were investigated as a function of Mg content. Also the multi-layered structure, BSTM/BST/BSTM was proposed to improve both of the leakage current and dielectric constant. With increasing Mg content, the perovskite p…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsAcoustic Wave Resonator TechnologiesMicrowave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis

Phase field microelasticity theory of dislocation dynamics in a polycrystal: Model and three-dimensional simulations

Yongmei M. Jin、A. G. Khachaturyan2001-09-01Philosophical Magazine Letters

A three-dimensional multidislocation system in a polycrystal under applied stress is treated as a particular case of the phase field microelasticity theory of multivariant stress-induced martensitic transformations in polycrystals. This approach reduces the problem of the evolution of a dislocation system to a solutio…

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SteelsAluminum Alloy Microstructure PropertiesSolidification and crystal growth phenomena

Crystal Engineering of 2-D and 3-D Multiporphyrin Architectures − The Versatile Topologies of Tetracarboxyphenylporphyrin-Based Materials

Yael Diskin‐Posner、Goutam Kumar Patra、Israel Goldberg2001-09-01European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

This study explores diverse crystal engineering concepts in the formulation of a series of new porphyrin-based supramolecular arrays, utilizing tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin as an effective building block. Different modes of the supramolecular assembly are demonstrated. They include: (a) self-assembly of the porp…

Molecular Sensors and Ion DetectionSupramolecular Chemistry and ComplexesPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry

Foaming of rigid PVC/wood‐flour composites through a continuous extrusion process

Fatih Mengeloğlu、Laurent M. Matuana2001-09-01Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology

Abstract The effects of chemical foaming agent (CFA) types (endothermic versus exothermic) and concentrations as well as the influence of all‐acrylic processing aid on the density and cell morphology of extrusion‐foamed neat rigid PVC and rigid PVC/wood‐flour composites were studied. Regardless of the CFA type, the de…

biodegradable polymer synthesis and propertiesPolymer composites and self-healingPolymer Foaming and Composites

Particle distribution study for low-volume fraction magnetostrictive composites

T. A. Duenas、G. P. Carman2001-09-01Journal of Applied Physics

We present experimental results for [1–3] magnetostrictive composites containing a 20% volume-fraction of Terfenol-D coarse particles (≫1 μm) suspended in a nonmetallic binder. Results from magnetostrictive strain and magnetoelastic measurements are provided for particle distributions that differ in particle size and…

Magnetic properties of thin filmsMagnetic Properties and ApplicationsMagnetic Properties of Alloys

Raman spectroscopy of the charge- and orbital-ordered state in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3

M. V. Abrashev、Joakim Bäckström、L. Börjesson 等 6 位作者2001-09-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Polarized Raman spectra from microcrystals of ${\mathrm{La}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Ca}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ were studied as a function of temperature, excitation photon energy, and scattering configuration. At temperatures below the transition from ferromagnetic metallic phase to antiferromagnetic insulating charge- and…

Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsRare-earth and actinide compoundsAdvanced Condensed Matter Physics

A study of solidification with a rotating magnetic field

Jayant K. Roplekar、Jonathan A. Dantzig2001-09-01International Journal of Cast Metals Research

This article describes an experimental and mathematical modelling study of the effect of rotating magnetic fields during solidifcation on the resulting microstructure. Cylindrical castings of aluminum alloy A356 are made by vertical solidification from a chill block, under the influence of a coaxial rotating magnetic…

Aluminum Alloy Microstructure PropertiesSolidification and crystal growth phenomenaMetallurgical Processes and Thermodynamics

Ferroelastic Behavior of LaCoO 3 ‐Based Ceramics

Kjersti Kleveland、Nina Orlovskaya、Tor Grande 等 7 位作者2001-09-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

LaCoO 3 and La 0.8 Ca 0.2 CoO 3 ceramics show a nonelastic stress–strain behavior during four‐point bending experiments where hysteresis loops are observed during loading–unloading cycles. Permanent strain is stored in the material after unloading, and a mechanism related to ferroelastic domain switching in the rhombo…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsMagnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsShape Memory Alloy Transformations

Heat‐Resistant Silicon Carbide with Aluminum Nitride and Erbium Oxide

Young‐Wook Kim、Mamoru Mitomo、Toshiyuki Nishimura2001-09-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Fully dense SiC ceramics with high strength at high temperature were obtained by hot‐pressing and subsequent annealing under pressure, with AlN and Er 2 O 3 as sintering additives. The ceramics had a self‐reinforced microstructure consisting of elongated SiC grains and a grain‐boundary glassy phase. The strength of th…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisMXene and MAX Phase MaterialsAdvanced materials and composites

Ferroelectric Properties and Structure Distortion in A-Site-Modified SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9

Yuji Noguchi、Hiroyuki Shimizu、Masaru Miyayama 等 5 位作者2001-09-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

The influence of Ca and Ba modification on the ferroelectric properties of SrBi 2 Ta 2 O 9 (SBT) was investigated using dense ceramics, and their crystal structures were analyzed by the Rietveld method through high-resolution neutron powder diffraction. The 30% substitution of Sr by a larger Ba lowered the Curie tempe…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsMultiferroics and related materialsMicrowave Dielectric Ceramics Synthesis

Alkyl and Aryl Substituted Corroles. 1. Synthesis and Characterization of Free Base and Cobalt Containing Derivatives. X-ray Structure of (Me4Ph5Cor)Co(py)2

Roger Guilard、Claude P. Gros、Frédéric Bolze 等 9 位作者2001-09-01Inorganic Chemistry

The synthesis, spectroscopic properties, and electrochemistry of six different alkyl- and aryl-substituted Co(III) corroles are presented. The investigated compounds contain methyl, ethyl, phenyl, or substituted phenyl groups at the eight beta-positions of the corrole macrocycle and four derivatives also contain a phe…

Porphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryElectrochemical Analysis and ApplicationsMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms

Transparent Self-Standing Films of Titanium-Containing Nanoporous Silica

Makoto Ogawa、Keita Ikeue、Masakazu Anpo2001-09-01Chemistry of Materials

Transparent self-standing films of titanium-containing (Ti/Si ratio of 1/50) silica−surfactant mesostructured materials, having a thickness of ca. 50 μm and a lateral size of a few centimeters, were synthesized by the solvent evaporation method from tetramethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, titanium tetraisopropoxide…

Catalytic Processes in Materials ScienceMesoporous Materials and CatalysisPolyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications

Polymers for microelectronics

Gerhard Maier2001-09-01Materials Today

The continuous advancement of microelectronics in all fields of technology has become a basic fact of our daily life. Increasingly complex tasks are performed by computers, requiring more memory capacity and faster processing speeds. This constant need to develop more highly integrated microchips is expressed by Moore…

Organic Electronics and PhotovoltaicsDielectric materials and actuatorsSynthesis and properties of polymers

Temperature Dependence of Piezoelectric Properties of Grain-Oriented CaBi4Ti4O15 Ceramics

Hirozumi Ogawa、Masahiko Kimura、Akira Ando 等 4 位作者2001-09-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Piezoelectric properties of grain-oriented bismuth layer structured compound CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics and their temperature dependencies were studied. The grain-oriented CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics were fabricated by the templated grain growth method. The highly preferentially (00 l ) oriented CaBi 4 Ti 4 O 15 ceramics…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsUltrasonics and Acoustic Wave PropagationAcoustic Wave Resonator Technologies

Ceramic membrane reactor for synthesis gas production

Joanne Ritchie、James T. Richardson、Dan Luss2001-09-01AIChE Journal

Abstract Membrane reactors enable synthesis‐gas production from methane and air while avoiding the need for separation of the nitrogen either before or after the reaction. A stable membrane was developed by spray deposition of a dense thin film of La 0.5 Sr 0.5 Fe 0.8 Ga 0.2 O 3 − δ on a high‐purity porous α‐alumina t…

Catalytic Processes in Materials ScienceAdvancements in Solid Oxide Fuel CellsCatalysis and Oxidation Reactions