Materials Literature
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Abstract The dehydroxylation of a series of the kaolinite clay minerals, kaolinite, halloysite and dickite, has been investigated by Fourier transform in situ infrared emission spectroscopy over a temperature range of 100 to 800°C at both 50 and 5° intervals. Excellent correspondence was obtained between the high temp…
The proceedings include all the technical papers presented at the 15th International Conference on Thermoelectrics, held on 26-29 March 1996 at Pasadena, California, USA. There were 10 invited presentations and over 110 regular presentations in this conference. The presentations were made in 20 technical sessions and…
Abstract Poly(lactide)s (PLA) with different optical purities (OP) were synthesized by copolymerization of D‐lactide and L‐lactide. Crystallization of D‐ and L‐lactide‐rich copolymers before and after 1 : 1 blending was studied from the melt over a wide range of annealing temperatures (T a ) using differential scannin…
The fundamentals of wetting and wicking are reviewed. Wetting is the displacement of a fiber-air interface with a fiber-liquid interface. Wicking is the spontaneous flow of a liquid in a porous substrate, driven by capillary forces. Because capillary forces are caused by wetting, wicking is a result of spontaneous wet…
Manganese ferrite, ${\mathrm{MnFe}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, fine particles in the size range 5--15 nm have been prepared by an aqueous phase coprecipitation method. The freshly prepared particles are in a metastable state with regard to the cation distribution between the A and B sites of the spinel lattice. Thermomag…
Room temperature molten salt systems based on methyl‐hexyl‐imidazolium iodide (MHImI) have been used to scrutinize the performance characteristics, the stability and the mass‐transfer effects in a photoelectrochemical regenerative device, as the latter is influenced and can even be limited by local concentration and m…
Low-density (250–350 kg/m3) porous concrete has good thermal insulation and acoustical properties. However, the determination of these properties requires a lot of time and is rather costly. Changes in these properties can be determined, if the porous concrete air penetrability, which can be simply found, is known. Th…
Nonlinear bleaching of output mirrors, made of a nonabsorbing cholesteric, in an Nd:YAG laser was investigated. In the cw regime there was no difference between the output powers of lasers with dielectric and cholesteric mirrors. In the pulse-periodic regime (pulse duration 500 ns, repetition frequency 4.5 kHz) the la…
The grafting preference of vinyl acetate onto the methine carbon of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) versus the acetate group of poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) was determined as part of an attempt to prepare novel branched PVOH from partially hydrolyzed PVAc. The results showed long chain grafting on the acetate groups of the P…
The effect and the participation of the furfuryl ring, in particular the hydrogen at position C-5 in the free radical polymerization are analyzed following the polymerization of furfuryl acrylate (FA) and furfuryl methacrylate (FM) initiated by AIBN under photochemical activation. The results obtained indicate that th…
Epitaxial near-stoichiometric ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3 thin films were fabricated on epitaxial metallic LaNiO3 electrodes deposited on (001) SrTiO3 and (001) LaAlO3 single crystal substrates by pulsed laser ablation. The P–E hysteresis loop of PZT in the trilayer of Ag/PZT/LNO/STO was measured using the Sawyer…
Photochemical dry etching and surface modification of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was investigated with an incoherent excimer UV source, employing a dielectric barrier discharge in krypton chloride to provide intense narrow-band radiation at λ=222 nm (KrCl*). The roughness of the exposed PET was measured with a s…
Crystalline regions of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) are associated with the trans glycol conformation of the polymer repeat unit. Amorphous regions are largely associated with the gauche conformation. We describe experiments which follow the development of trans conformers at the surface and in the bulk of amorp…
A thorough study of the series has been carried out. All of the samples have the same orthorhombic crystallographic structure. However, the magnetic, magnetoelastic and electrical properties show drastic changes with the Tb content. The decrease in the intensity of the ferromagnetic double-exchange interaction has bee…
The relaxation of the magnetization in big molecular groups embedded in crystals is studied and compared with experimental data on Mn 12 O 12 . At sufficiently high temperatures (T > 2 K in Mn 12 O 12 ) the relaxation is thermally activated, and the exchange of energy with phonons produces relaxation through a casc…
Various amounts of hydroxy terminated PDMS were linked into PLLA chains via in-situ ring opening polymerization at a very low content of SnOt2. The 1H and FTIR spectra provided evidence for the incorporation of the PDMS in the PLLA chains. The molecular weights, Tg, Tm, crystallinity and the heats of fusion decreased…
Poly(N-acylethylenimines) with epoxy or imidazole groups randomly attached to the end of the side chains were synthesized from decenyl/heptyl oxazoline random copolymers. They are named as DH(m/n)–epoxy and DH(m/n)–imidazole, respectively, and the starting polymers are named as DH(m/n), where m and n represent the cal…
The empirical form for the dependence, Tg(n) ≅ Tg(∞)·(1 + α/n), of the glass transition temperature Tg on the average number n of repeat units between crosslinks, is generalized for randomly crosslinked high polymers. The new form, Tg(n) ≅ Tg(∞) · [1 + c/(n·Nrot)], is based on a correlation study of data for 77 sample…
Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular ar…
The equilibrium oxygen chemical potential of mixed oxygen ion and electron conducting perovskites ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{CoO}}_{3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\delta}}$ was measured as a function of $\ensuremath{\delta}$ and x by high temperature oxygen coulometric titration. An almost…