Materials Literature
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A new method of depositing expitaxial ZnO nanocolumns on sputter-coated ZnO substrates is described that utilizes supersaturated zincate species in sodium hydroxide solutions and requires no complexing agents. Uniform arrays of columns are grown reproducibly over entire substrates in 10-50 min. Columns are 50-2000 nm…
Electronic transport through individual ZnO nanowires has been investigated. The current increases linearly with the bias and the conductance jumps upon ultraviolet illumination. The increase rate upon the illumination is much faster than the decrease rate as the light is off. The decrease rate under vacuum is slower…
We report a low-temperature (150 degrees C) and simple synthesis of quasi-monodispersed and uniform hexagonal (Wurtzite) ZnS nanocrystals in ethylene glycol medium. The samples structures were characterized with X-ray diffraction technique and transmission electron microscopy. It is believed that ethylene glycol mediu…
Polymorphs of cellulose I, III(I), and IV(I) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, and solid-state (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Highly crystalline cellulose III(I) samples were prepared by treating cellulose samples in supercritical ammonia at 140 degrees C for 1 h, and conventional cellulose III(I) samples w…
ZnO nanowires were grown between two Au electrodes on an Al2O3-deposited Si wafer. Photoresponse, photoresponse spectrum, and current–voltage (I–V) studies were performed for the investigation into photoconduction mechanism in these nanowires. The photoresponse of the nanowires under the continuous illumination of lig…
This article reviews transparent oxide optoelectronic devices based on our efforts focusing on transparent thin-film transistors fabricated from single-crystalline films of InGaO3(ZnO)5 with a natural superlattice structure, near-ultraviolet (UV) emitting diodes composed of heteroepitaxially grown p-type SrCu2O2 and n…
A review is given here of recent results in developing improved control of growth, doping, and fabrication processes for ZnO devices with possible applications to ultraviolet (UV) light emitters, spin functional devices, gas sensors, transparent electronics, and surface acoustic wave devices. ZnO can be grown on cheap…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a unique material that exhibits semiconducting, piezoelectric, and pyroelectric multiple properties. Using a solid-vapor phase thermal sublimation technique, nanocombs, nanorings, nanohelixes/nanosprings, nanobows, nanobelts, nanowires, and nanocages of ZnO have been synthesized under specific grow…
The influence of structure and physical-chemical nature of polymers on electret charge relaxation in fiber polymer materials based on various polymer matrix (polyethylene, polyamide, polypropylene), produced by melt-blown technology, was investigated in this work. It has been established, that increase of electret eff…
The present work is concerned with the development of a new technique for simultaneous measurements of space charge profiles and TSDC spectra on polymer sheets without manipulating the sample and dismantling the measuring cell. During the TSDC run, the space charge profile is measured at several temperature levels by…
Very narrow artificial tubes have been used to investigate the behaviour of discharges in conditions similar to those encountered in electrical trees. In the present study a discharge sequence measured prior to the formation of an electrical tree at the tube tip has been analysed to see if there was any evidence for t…
When superconducting power apparatuses and electronic devices are commercially available in the near future, polymers will play a decisive role in the design of electrical insulation. The working temperatures of superconductors regardless of low temperature superconductors at liquid helium temperatures or high tempera…
The presence of partial discharge is one of the most prominent indicators of defects and ongoing degradation processes in electrical insulation systems. Lately ns orders partial discharge signal measurements has become of major interest, because the waveforms of partial discharges are changed with the degradation of t…
In order to investigate the effect of surfactant on water tree generation, experiments were conducted using XLPE specimens containing various types of nonionic surfactants. The experiments were conducted while applying a voltage stress of 3 kV/mm at ambient temperature in copper sulfide and sodium chloride solutions.…
We have developed partial discharge current pulse waveform analysis (PD-CPWA) method in order to assess insulation degradation of solid insulators with degraded insulation performance. PD-CPWA focuses on the time transition of individual PD waveform parameters such as peak value, rise time, di/dt in a single PD curren…
Relevant standards such as the IEC60270 concentrate on a measurement frequency band below 1 MHz and on lumped, i.e. non-distributed test objects. On-line partial discharge measurements often require using higher frequencies to avoid noise interference. With respect to the basic gas discharge physics, the rise time of…
Space charge formation at interfaces between polyethylene and other polymeric materials were observed using a PEA method. Many polymeric materials are proposed to be used as the pre-molded joint for XLPE insulated cables. However, there are few investigations of space charge accumulation at the interface between diffe…
This paper reports on a study of the influence of the level of alumina trihydrate (ATH) on the electrical insulation properties and the tracking and erosion resistance of high temperature vulcanized silicone rubber (HTV-SIR). The electrical resistance of silicone rubber was measured using a high resistance meter. It d…
Based on the test results carried out on several types porcelain and AC composite insulators as well as a DC insulator in the artificial climate chamber, this paper puts forward the flashover performance of tested insulators at the atmospheric pressure of the altitude of 4000-meter and above concomitant with the conta…
It is known that space charge is formed in cables insulated with crosslinked polyethylene. It is assumed that the crosslinking byproducts or the crosslinked polymer morphology is responsible for the space charge. In order to examine these possibilities, low-density polyethylene, crosslinked polyethylene, and degassed…