Materials Literature
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[structure: see text] Experimental and calculated data show that the relative energy levels of the two lowest excited states of azulene are sensitive to the nature and position of substituents on the nonalternant hydrocarbon. Extending such investigations led to a rational explanation for some of the baffling data on…
The contact angles of soft latex dipped films of high-ammonia natural rubber (HA) latex concentrate, deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) latex, and oil-incorporated natural rubber latex were determined by the sessile drop method. The surface free energies were calculated using different procedures available in the lit…
The influence of droplet size and Ostwald ripening on the dynamic shear rheology of 25 wt % hydrocarbon oil-in-water emulsions containing small droplets (75 to 100 nm) stabilized by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was measured. Emulsions underwent a liquid-to-solid transition when the mean droplet radius was decreased be…
One of the most important applications of the Knudsen cell reactor is in determining heterogeneous reaction kinetics of potentially important atmospheric reactions. Knudsen cell measurements involving gas reactions on atmospherically relevant particle surfaces, including salt, carbon black, soot, and mineral dust, are…
The reaction pathways and the energetics for the direct methane−methanol and benzene−phenol conversions that occur on the surface of Fe−ZSM-5 zeolite are analyzed from B3LYP DFT computations. We propose a reasonable model for “α-oxygen”, a surface oxygen species responsible for the catalytic reactivities of Fe−ZSM-5 z…
An overview of computer simulations of tribology is presented. The chapter begins with a brief overview of simulation techniques and the special requirements for simulations of tribological processes. Then simple one-dimensional models of friction between crystalline surfaces are introduced to illustrate general featu…
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).This book reviews recent developments in the field of shape memory materials, which are becoming more and more important as 'smart (intelligent)' materials. The fundamental principles and properties are discussed, as well as the associated experimental and processing m…
Plasma processing is a standard industrial method for the modification of material surfaces and the deposition of thin films. Polyatomic ions and neutrals larger than a triatomic play a critical role in plasma-induced surface chemistry, especially in the deposition of polymeric films from fluorocarbon plasmas. In this…
Mechano-catalytic overall water splitting on Cu 2 O, NiO, and Co 3 O 4 was investigated in order to reveal the reaction mechanism. The experimental results indicated that metallic elements of these oxides were generated during the reaction. Also, elemental metals Cu, Ni, and Co were oxidized into Cu 2 O, NiO, and Co 3…
The adsorption of medium molecular weight poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) from an apolar solvent onto oxidized aluminum and silicon substrates has been studied by monochromated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). By recording the capacity of the solid surface for the polymer, by XPS, as a function of solution con…
New biocomposite materials, based on the incorporation of nucleic acid dopants within an electronically conducting polypyrrole network, are described. The growth patterns and ion-exchange properties of these electropolymerized polypyrrole−oligonucleotide (PPy/ODN) films are characterized using an in situ electrochemic…
The reaction of Co(η3-C 8 H 13 )(η4-C 8 H 12 ) and Pt 2 (dba) 3 (dba = bis-dibenzylidene acetone) under dihydrogen leads in the presence of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) to nanometric bimetallic particles Co x Pt 1 - x . The composition of the material is determined by the initial ratio of the two organometallic precursors.…
Polymer-stabilized metal colloids with small particle sizes and narrow size distributions were prepared by a continuous microwave synthesis. This synthesis method has good reproducibility for synthesizing uniform metal colloids in bulky amount.
We propose a class of networks which can be regarded as an extension of the graphitic network. These networks are constructed so that surface states with non-bonding character (edge states) are formed in a tight-binding model with one orbital for each atomic site. Besides, for several networks, the tight-binding elect…
The compounds studied in this work are sol−gel-derived organic−inorganic hybrid materials in which the two components are covalently linked via Si−C bonds. The organic part is a chromophore group derived from dipicolinic acid that is functionalized with trialkoxysilyl groups; the as-obtained silylated monomers are aft…
Mesoscopic organization in soft, hard, and biological matter is examined in the context of our present understanding of the principles responsible for emergent organized behavior (crystallinity, ferromagnetism, superconductivity, etc.) at long wavelengths in very large aggregations of particles. Particular attention i…
Supermolecular structure of drug delivery system on the basis of segmented polyurethane (SPU) has been determined to control the release of anticancer drug, cyclophosphamide (CPh). It has been established that the phase separation in SPU is essentially intensified by means of both the increase of molecular weight for…
Alternating layers of Ge quantum dots embedded in either Al2O3 or AlN matrices were deposited on sapphire substrates by pulsed-laser deposition. The characteristics of the dots are shown to be independent of the surrounding matrix. The dots size (73, 130, 160, and 260 ű5%) was controlled by the laser energy density a…
The high-field behavior of perovskite ferroelectrics close to a morphotropic phase boundary is investigated using the thermodynamic theory of ferroelectrics. For Pb(Zr0.55Ti0.45)O3, a phase transition from the rhombohedral to the tetragonal state is predicted for a critical field of approximately 4 MV m−1 parallel to…
Using a low-temperature x-ray diffraction apparatus in a high field, a systematic study was performed of the stoichiometric Ni2MnGa alloys in a wide temperature range from 10 K to room temperature and in fields up to 5 T. X-ray diffraction data at different fields clearly show the martensitic-phase transition is a two…