Materials Literature
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A new, fast and simple numerical method is proposed for modelling data of thermogravimetric analysis under arbitrary temperature–time relationships. The algorithm searches for activation energies and rate constants by means of minimisation of the average square of deviation, Δ, between computed and experimental curves…
A sol–gel approach has been developed to prepare polyimide–TiO2 hybrid films from soluble polyimides and a modified titanium precursor. The rate of the hydrolysis reaction of titanium alkoxide can be controlled by using acetic acid as a modifier. FTIR and XPS indicated that TiO2 particles were well distributed in poly…
The effects of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA)/Chitosan/Fibroin (PCF)-blended sponge on wound healing in rats were investigated. We excised the skin of a rat, including the dermis, approximately 2 x 2 cm in size. The wound was covered with PCF-blended spongy sheets. The spongy sheets absorbed the exudate, and gained flexibil…
A novel soluble electroluminescent (EL) material, poly[(4-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-2,7-ylene )(4-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)] (PHTDHFHT), with high absolute photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency (32 ± 3%) compared with other polythiophene derivatives, was synthesized and a green EL is observed.
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The morphological and structural features of WS2 nanotubes, generated from WOx (x ≅ 2.7) needles, by an in-situ heating process, have been studied by electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), in conjunction with computer simulation. The results show that these inorganic fullerene nanotubes exhibit interesting d…
Although H2O has been the topic of considerable research since the beginning of the century, most of its anomalous physical properties are still not well understood. First we discuss some of the anomalies of this ‘‘complex fluid. ’’ Then we describe a qualitative interpretation in terms of percolation concepts. Finall…
This paper deals with error compensation in current transformers. Usually the manufacturer tries to limit these errors by stating a transformer nominal ratio slightly different from the turns ratio. On the other hand techniques have been developed that allow software current compensation. The proposed method requires…
Abstract A simple method is used to prepare highly monodispersed silver nanoparticles in the liquid phase, which starts from an initial synthesis in functionalized AOT reverse micelles. To narrow the particle size distribution from 43 to 12.5% in dispersion, the particles are extracted from the micellar solution. The…
Composite films consisting of metallic Cu nanoparticles dispersed in poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been prepared by reduction of Cu2+ from the copper salt of PAA above 220 °C under a H2 atmosphere. Optical absorption properties and structures have also been investigated by UV/VIS, WAXD, TEM and IR. Spherical Cu partic…
X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Zr K-edge is an important technique for probing the environment of Zr. Here it is applied to zirconia–silica xerogels with composition 0.07⩽x⩽0.40, where x is the molar ratio Zr:(Zr+Si). Reference samples of crystalline ZrO2, ZrSiO4, BaZrO3 and liquid Zr n-propoxide were also exami…
The oxidation of ethylbenzene with dioxygen catalysed by iron(III) porphyrins in a solvent free system has been studied over the temperature range 30–110 °C. The time dependence of the formation of the three main products, 1-phenylethanol, acetophenone and 1-phenylethyl hydroperoxide, and the fate of the iron porphyri…
A series of octakisalkylthiophthalocyanines, (CnS)8PcH2 (n = 8, 10, 12, 16), and their copper(II) complexes, (CnS)8PcCu (n = 8, 10, 12, 16), have been synthesized. Their mesomorphism and supramolecular structures have been investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing microscopy, temperature-depe…
The syntheses and aggregation properties of novel cationic meso-tetraphenylporphyrins substituted in the para-positions with -CH2(pyridinio)+ (P11), -CH2N+(CH3)3 (P22), -CH2P+(n-butyl)3 (P33), -CH2P+(phenyl)3 (P44), -CH2S+(CH3)2 (P55) and -CH2SC(NH2)2+ (P66) groups are described. Their use as photosensitizers and thei…
Abstract The two-dimensional arrays of various metal nanowires with diameters ranging from 15 to 70 nm have been fabricated by electrodepositing metals of Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, and Co into the nanoholes of the anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) films, followed by partial removal of the film. The strong surface-enhanced Raman scatt…
Two sets of WOx/SiO2-MCM-41 precatalysts (A and B) were prepared and compared. Tungsten-containing MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieves have been synthesized with tetraethyl orthosilicate and tungsten precursors, tungstic acid, 'H2WO4', or sodium tungstate, in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTMACl) mic…
The use of amorphous silica-supported titanium catalysts in which the titanium ions display a chemical environment similar to that of Ti-substituted zeolites, afforded excellent activity in the epoxidation of terminal linear and bulky alkenes with dilute solutions of hydrogen peroxide.
Chitin was dissolved in N, N-dimethylacetamide/5% lithium chloride (DMAc/5%LiCl) to form a 0.5% chitin solution. Chitin beads were formed by dropping the 0.5% chitin solution into a nonsolvent coagulant, ethanol. The beads were left in ethanol for 24 h to permit hardening, consolidation, and removal of residual DMAc/5…
The space charge distribution in low-density polyethylene (LDPE) was measured with the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) method. We used three types of LDPE: LDPE-L and LDPE-H were prepared by the high pressure process, and m-LDPE was polymerized with a metallocene catalyst. Space charge in LDPE strongly depended upon the…
Dynamic mechanical properties and microstructure of an organic hybrid consisting of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) and 3,9-bis[1,1-dimethyl-2{β-(3-tert-butyl4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionyloxy}ethyl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5,5]-undecane (AO-80) were investigated. The AO-80 clearly exhibited two second-order transiti…