Materials Literature
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The application of x-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) to the solution of complex real world catalyst problems is often difficult and frustrating. Three recent developments in this laboratory have greatly aided in the solution of such problems. These are 1) a dual anode x-ray s…
An attempt is made to study the heating rate dependence of the peak and position of the maximum depolarization current in ITC measurements. It is observed that the area under the ITC curve, where depolarization current is plotted as a function of time remains unchanged at different heating rates. Mathematical equation…
Electron microscopic evidence is presented for the presence of discommensuration walls in incommensurate ferro-electric-ferro-elastic Ba2NaNb5O15 and its homologues Sr2KNb5O15 and Pb2KNb5O15. The displacement vector of the discommensuration walls is one fourth of a lattice vector of the orthorhombic commensurate super…
By means of electron irradiation the amorphous state can be produced in quasicrystalline and crystalline Al14 at% Mn. The transitions between these three phases are studied in situ in a high-voltage electron microscope. The behaviour of the quasicrystalline phase exhibits features distinctly different from those of t…
Two series belonging to the systems (TeO2)100−x–(WO3)x and (TeO2)100−x–(ZnCl2)x [0 ≦ x ≦ 33.8%] are prepared in the glassy state. The infra-red spectra of the two series are studied in the range 200 to 4000 cm−1. The main IR absorption bands in both series are related to the characteristics of TeO2. The detected shift…
Procedures were developed for the optimal solubilization of D-lactate dehydrogenase, D-mandelate dehydrogenase, L-lactate dehydrogenase and L-mandelate dehydrogenase from wall + membrane fractions of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. D-Lactate dehydrogenase and D-mandelate dehydrogenase were co-eluted on gel filtration, as…
For silica (pure and synthetic) optical fibers, on which tensile stresses from 0 to 4 GPa were imposed, Raman studies were carried out. It has become evident by deconvoluting the silica Raman peaks that the main peak intensity at 440 cm−1 decreases with increasing stress while the peaks at 490, 604, and 800 cm−1 remai…
A series of platinum-oxygen alloys were grown by sputter deposition using a platinum target and rf-excited, oxygen-bearing discharges. The films were deposited on water-cooled single-crystal silicon and glass substrates. Optical behavior in the near-ultraviolet–visible–near-infrared region was studied by spectrophotom…
A simple explicit dispersion relation is given for the surface plasmon of a semi-infinite layered electron gas. Two limiting cases are discussed. Effects of the optical phonons and magnetic field are discussed.
Numerical results are presented on transmission, reflection, and color of the recently described, supertwisted birefringence effect for highly multiplexed liquid-crystal displays. The electro-optical properties, which are investigated for normal and oblique incidence of light assuming a multiplexed duty cycle of 1/100…
A simple, three-constant pressure-volume-temperature PVT equation of state, previously applied to polymer liquids, is applied to polymer solids, both crystalline and amorphous. In terms of reduced variables P̄=P/B0, V̄=V/V0, and T̄=T/T0, the equation P̄ V̄5=T̄3/2−ln V̄ fits experimental volume data taken from the lite…
We report the observation of complete rf-induced mode locking in the charge-density-wave (CDW) state of ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$. Over each mode-locked region, the CDW phase velocity is uniquely determined by the frequency of the rf field, and all broadband noise normally associated with CDW conduction is absent. These o…
Free-ion and crystal-field energy parameters for trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln3+) in Cs2NaLnCl6 and Cs2NaYCl6 are presented and discussed. Spin-correlated crystal-field parameters are determined for those systems for which sufficient data are available. The superposition model is used to compare the crystal-field inte…
Magnetization measurements and neutron diffraction experiments were carried out on (Ba 1- x Sr x ) 2 Zn 2 Fe 12 O 22 in a field applied parallel to the c -plane. Spins in the (T 1/2 ST 1/2 ) block are observed to be bunched in the form of ferrimagnet. Five magnetic phases appear with increasing field : helix with a sm…
The lengths and the thermal expansion values of the glass ceramic Zerodur show a reversible dependence on the thermal history within two temperature intervals. Typical effects associated with this dependence are, for example, isothermal length changes within and permanent length changes below the temperature intervals…
We have studied the structure and morphology of the useful high-temperature/high-strength polymer polyaryletherketone (PEEK) by transmission electron microscopy and three-dimensional electron diffraction after finding suitable solvents (α-chloronaphthalene and benzophenone) that allowed casting of the required ultrath…
The surface compositions of polystyrene (PS)/poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) blends have been investigated using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS results demonstrate that there are significant differences between the composition of the surfaces (e.g., outmost ∼6 nm) and the bulk of both miscible and imm…
Any molecular system explores significantly different regions of the potential-energy hypersurface as the system is found, respectively, in the solid and liquid phases. We study in detail the multidimensional geometry of these different regions with molecular-dynamics calculations for 256 simple atoms in a fixed volum…
Finite size effects have been observed at low temperatures for electrons confined to semiconductor microcrystallites embedded in a simple borosilicate glass. Luminescence data reveal large electronic energy shifts relative to bulk energy levels which can be used to calculate the confinement energy of the localized ele…
The best available energy level data for the cubic Cs2NaLnCl6 and Cs2NaYCl6:Ln3+ (doped) systems are collected together and summarized. These data are analyzed in terms of a parametric model which assumes an octahedral (Oh) site symmetry for the Ln3+ ions and a 4 f N ‘‘free-ion’’ Hamiltonian similar to that used previ…