Spatially resolved Raman analysis of laser induced refractive index variation in chalcogenide glass
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Importance of exchange anisotropy and superexchange for the spin-state transitions inRCoO3(R=rare earth) cobaltates
Spin-state transitions are the hallmark of rare-earth cobaltates. In order to understand them, it is essential to identify all relevant parameters which shift the energy balance between spin states and determine their trends. We find that $\ensuremath{\Delta}$, the ${e}_{g}$-${t}_{2g}$ crystal-field splitting, increas…
The importance of phase purity in Ni–BaZr 0.85 Y 0.15 O 3−δ cermet anodes – novel nitrate-free combustion route and electrochemical study
A novel, nitrate-free, combustion method has been developed to prepare Ni–BaZr0.85Y0.15O3−δ (Ni–BZY) cermet anodes for proton ceramic fuel cells. Nickel acetate and 30% H2O2 were used as starting precursors for the combustion reaction into which pre-prepared BZY powders were dispersed. The advantages of this nitrate-f…
Effects of processing parameters on electrospun fiber morphology
This study describes the application of a hybrid neuro-fuzzy inference system to control electrospinning process and how to use this approach for developing an electrospun fiber quality prediction system. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system model has been applied to the use of electrospinning process parameters t…
Electronic and optical properties of vacancy-doped WS2 monolayers
Monolayers of tungsten disulfide doped with atomic vacancies have been investigated for the first time by density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that the atomic vacancy defects affect the electronic and optical properties of the tungsten disulfide monolayers. The strongly ionic character of the W-S…
Producing Hydrogen-Rich Gases by Steam Reforming of Syngas Tar over CaO/MgO/NiO Catalysts
The objective of this study was to develop nanosized CaO, MgO, and NiO catalysts for tar removal in biomass gasification, significantly enhancing the quality of the produced gases. Catalysts were tested in a fixed-bed reactor for biomass tar steam reforming. Toluene was chosen as a model syngas tar compound. For this…
Activation of Lattice Oxygen of TiO2 by Pd2+ Ion: Correlation of Low-Temperature CO and Hydrocarbon Oxidation with Structure of Ti1–xPdxO2–x (x = 0.01–0.03)
Lattice oxygen of TiO 2 is activated by the substitution of Pd ion in its lattice. Ti 1– x Pd x O 2– x ( x = 0.01–0.03) have been synthesized by solution combustion method crystallizing in anatase TiO 2 structure. Pd is in +2 oxidation state and Ti is in +4 oxidation state in the catalyst. Pd is more ionic in TiO 2 la…
Reactive-ion-etched graphene nanoribbons on a hexagonal boron nitride substrate
We report on the fabrication and electrical characterization of both single layer graphene micron-sized devices and nanoribbons on a hexagonal boron nitride substrate. We show that the micron-sized devices have significantly higher mobility and lower disorder density compared to devices fabricated on silicon dioxide s…
Molecular dynamics simulations of cavitation bubble collapse and sonoluminescence
The dynamics of the medium within a collapsing and rebounding cavitation bubble is investigated by means of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations adopting a hard sphere model for the species inside the bubble. The dynamics of the surrounding liquid (water) is modelled using a Rayleigh–Plesset (RP)-type equation coupled…
Blue luminescence and structural properties of Ce 3+ -activated phosphosilicate apatite Sr 5 (PO 4 ) 2 (SiO 4 )
Blue-emitting phosphors of the Ce(3+)-activated phosphosilicate Sr(5)(PO(4))(2)SiO(4) with an apatite structure were prepared via a conventional solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectra, time-resolved luminescence, thermal quenching an…
Preparation of materials in the presence of hydrogen peroxide: from discrete or “zero-dimensional” objects to bulk materials
Based on selected examples from the literature, this perspective aims to provide a short overview of synthetic methods using hydrogen peroxide and/or peroxidic species for the elaboration of discrete or zero-dimensional species, as well as mono-, bi- and tri-dimensional materials. There are several advantages in using…
Mechanistic Understanding of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from the Thermal Degradation of Tires under Various Oxygen Concentration Atmospheres
The thermal degradation of tires under various oxygen concentrations (7-30%/Bal. N(2)) was investigated thermo-gravimetrically at 10 °C min(-1) heating rate over a temperature range from ambient to 1000 °C. Significant mass loss (~55%) was observed at the temperature of 300-500 °C, where the thermal degradation rate w…
Aluminum Methyl and Chloro Complexes Bearing Monoanionic Aminephenolate Ligands: Synthesis, Characterization, and Use in Polymerizations
A series of aluminum methyl and chloride complexes bearing 2( N -piperazinyl- N ′-methyl)-2-methylene-4-R′-6-R-phenolate or 2( N -morpholinyl)-2-methylene-4-R′-6-R-phenolate ([ONE R1,R2 ]-) {[R 1 = t Bu, R 2 = Me, E = NMe ( L1 ); R 1 = R 2 = t Bu, E = NMe ( L2 ); R 1 = R 2 = t Bu, E = O ( L3 )} ligands were synthesize…
In situ tracking of the nanoscale expansion of porous carbon electrodes
Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC) are rapidly emerging as a promising energy storage technology offering extremely large power densities. Despite significant experimental progress, nanoscale operation mechanisms of the EDLCs remain poorly understood and it is difficult to separate processes at multiple ti…
Ion Permeation by a Folded Multiblock Amphiphilic Oligomer Achieved by Hierarchical Construction of Self-Assembled Nanopores
A multiblock amphiphilic molecule 1, with a tetrameric alternating sequence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic units, adopts a folded structure in a liposomal membrane like a multipass transmembrane protein, and is able to transport alkali metal cations through the membrane. Hill's analysis and conductance measurements, a…
Understanding Growth Kinetics of Nanorods in Microemulsion: A Combined Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, and Electron Microscopy Study
Even though nanostructures of various shapes and sizes can be controlled by microemulsions, there is substantial difficulty in understanding their growth mechanism. The evolution of nanostructures from the time of mixing of reactants to their final stage is a heterogeneous process involving a variety of intermediates.…
Controlled water adhesion and electrowetting of conducting hydrophobic graphene/carbon nanotubes composite films on engineering materials
Based on the microbumps of graphene nanosheets and the nanostructure of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), novel graphene/CNTs composite films with hierarchical micro- and nanoscale surface roughness were successfully fabricated by simply spraying the mixed acetone dispersion of graphene nanosheets and CNTs onto stainless steel…
Vortex Domain Structure in Ferroelectric Nanoplatelets and Control of its Transformation by Mechanical Load
Vortex domain patterns in low-dimensional ferroelectrics and multiferroics have been extensively studied with the aim of developing nanoscale functional devices. However, control of the vortex domain structure has not been investigated systematically. Taking into account effects of inhomogeneous electromechanical fiel…
Analysis of copper nanoparticles toxicity based on a stress-responsive bacterial biosensor array
The rapid development in nanoparticle production and application during the past decade requires an easy, rapid, and predictive screening method for nanoparticles toxicity assay. In this study, the toxicological effects and the source of toxicity of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) are investigated based on a stress-respo…
Thermal Poling of Optical Glasses: Mechanisms and Second‐Order Optical Properties
The objective to induce reproducible, efficient, and stable second‐order nonlinear optical properties ( SONL ) in an isotropic material remains a challenge in photonics. Thermal poling allows inducing SONL properties in glasses by the formation of an axial symmetry because of the implementation of a static electric fi…