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Effect of Brownian coagulation on the microstructure evolution in rapidly solidified immiscible alloys

Jiuzhou Zhao、Liang Gao、Jian He2005-09-19Applied Physics Letters

The microstructure evolution during a liquid-liquid phase transformation was calculated. The effect of Brownian coagulation on the microstructure development was investigated. The results indicate that Brownian coagulation has a weak effect on the nucleation of the minority phase droplets. For a given alloy compositio…

Solidification and crystal growth phenomenaMetallurgical Processes and Thermodynamicsnanoparticles nucleation surface interactions

Novel Faceted α‐SiAlON Micro‐Crystals Prepared by Combustion Synthesis

Guanghua Liu、Kexin Chen、Heping Zhou 等 5 位作者2005-09-19Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Novel faceted α‐SiAlON micro‐crystals were prepared by combustion synthesis with proper additives. These crystals exhibited various end shapes, including smooth flat hexagonal faces, pyramids bounded by six small isosceles triangles, and partial pyramids with the sharp roofs removed. The formation mechanisms of differ…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisGlass properties and applicationsSilicon Nanostructures and Photoluminescence

MnL2,3edge resonant x-ray scattering in manganites: Influence of the magnetic state

Nataša Stojić、N. Binggeli、M. Altarelli2005-09-19Physical Review B

We present an analysis of the dependence of the resonant orbital-order and magnetic scattering spectra on the spin configuration. We consider an arbitrary spin direction with respect to the local crystal field axis, thus lowering significantly the local symmetry. To evaluate the atomic scattering in this case, we gene…

Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsMultiferroics and related materialsAdvanced Condensed Matter Physics

Compatibility and Thermal Stability of EPDM-NBR Elastomer Blends

S. H. Botros、M. L. Tawfic2005-09-19Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) is blended with nitrile rubber (NBR). The morphology of this blend is improved by the addition of modified EPDM in small amounts. The intrinsic viscosity, permittivity measurements, and scanning electron microscopy revealed improved compatibility of these rubbers. Mechani…

Structural Behavior of Reinforced ConcretePolymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesSynthesis and properties of polymers

The Effect of Fictive Temperature on the Structural Environment of Fluorine in Silicate and Aluminosilicate Glasses

T. J. Kiczenski、Jonathan F. Stebbins2005-09-19Journal of the American Ceramic Society

We have examined temperature‐induced changes in the local structure of fluorine in silicate and aluminosilicate glasses through the application of 19 F magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance to glasses synthesized with a wide range of fictive temperatures. We have observed an increase in Si–F bonding in binar…

Material Dynamics and PropertiesGlass properties and applicationsMineralogy and Gemology Studies

Optoelectronic and electrical properties of TlGaS2 single crystal

A. F. Qasrawi、N. M. Gasanly2005-09-19physica status solidi (a)

Abstract The optoelectronic and electrical properties of TlGaS 2 single crystals have been investigated by means of room temperature transmittance and reflectance spectral analysis, Hall coefficient, dark electrical resistivity and photocurrent measurements in the temperature range of 200–350 K. The optical data have…

Crystal Structures and PropertiesNonlinear Optical Materials ResearchSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallography

Exposition of semiconducting and ferromagnetic properties of pulsed-laser-deposited thin films of LaFe1−xNixO3 (x=0.3, 0.4, and 0.5)

R. J. Choudhary、Ravi Kumar、M. Wasi Khan 等 7 位作者2005-09-19Applied Physics Letters

We have explored the possibility of ferromagnetic semiconducting property in the epitaxial thin films of LaFe1−xNixO3 (x=0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) grown on (001) oriented LaAlO3 substrate. We observe that substitution of Ni in the series leads to the increase in conductivity of the samples with conduction being controlled by…

Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsAdvanced Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

The formation of precipitates in the ZnCoO system

Hyunjun Lee、Sun Hee Choi、C. R. Cho 等 5 位作者2005-09-19Europhysics Letters (EPL)

Magnetic matter such as transition metals or metal oxides are able to exhibit ferromagnetism by the clustering in magnetic semiconductors. We fabricated Co-doped ZnO samples using the sol-gel method, and studied the magnetic precipitates in the samples by using both neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption fine-struct…

ZnO doping and propertiesMagnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsAdvanced Condensed Matter Physics

Synthesis of Corrole Derivatives through Regioselective Ir‐Catalyzed Direct Borylation

Satoru Hiroto、Ichiro Hisaki、Hiroshi Shinokubo 等 4 位作者2005-09-19Angewandte Chemie

Einfach und effektiv: Die direkte Borylierung von Corrolen unter Iridiumkatalyse über eine C-H-Aktivierung verläuft perfekt regioselektiv und mit ausgezeichneten Ausbeuten. 2-Borylierte Corrole eröffnen einen einfachen Zugang (zwei Stufen) zu direkt verknüpften Corrol-Porphyrin-Konjugaten und anderen funktionalisierte…

Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and ApplicationsCatalytic C–H Functionalization MethodsPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine Chemistry

Damage Tolerance in Naturally Compliant Structures

M. S. Alam、Christopher H. Jenkins2005-09-19International Journal of Damage Mechanics

In this study, the damage tolerant design in a particular compliant structure, the spider web, has been studied. The orb web spider has evolved over the last 180 million years. This long period of evolution has made the present spider web, an elegant, natural, lightweight structure that efficiently resists different l…

Structural Analysis and OptimizationSilk-based biomaterials and applicationsLaser and Thermal Forming Techniques

Influence of Cation Order on the Electric Field‐Induced Phase Transition in Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 ‐Based Relaxor Ferroelectrics

Xiaohui Zhao、Weiguo Qu、Hui He 等 5 位作者2005-09-19Journal of the American Ceramic Society

The effect of cation ordering on an electric field‐induced relaxor to normal ferroelectric phase transition in Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 (PMN)‐based ceramics was investigated. Both A‐site La doping and B‐site Sc doping were found to enhance the chemical ordering in these relaxor ceramics. However, the enhanced chemical or…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsMicrowave Dielectric Ceramics SynthesisDielectric properties of ceramics

Collagen triple-helix formation in all-trans chains proceeds by a nucleation/growth mechanism with a purely entropic barrier

Annett Bachmann、Thomas Kiefhaber、Sergei P. Boudko 等 5 位作者2005-09-19Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Collagen consists of repetitive Gly-Xaa-Yaa tripeptide units with proline and hydroxyproline frequently found in the Xaa and Yaa position, respectively. This sequence motif allows the formation of a highly regular triple helix that is stabilized by steric (entropic) restrictions in the constituent polyproline-II-helic…

Protein Structure and DynamicsProtein Hydrolysis and Bioactive PeptidesCollagen: Extraction and Characterization

Fabrication and structural characterization of porous tungsten oxide nanowires

Zhidong Xiao、Lide Zhang、Xike Tian 等 4 位作者2005-09-19Nanotechnology

This current work demonstrates the first reported successful synthesis of a novel unique one-dimensional nanostructure of monoclinic W 18 O 49 that exhibits characteristic porous morphologies with the nanosized pores distributed rather regularly along the length of the nanowires. Their microstructures were characteriz…

ZnO doping and propertiesGas Sensing Nanomaterials and SensorsTransition Metal Oxide Nanomaterials

Raman scattering of L‐valine crystals

J.A. Lima、Paulo Freire、R. J. C. Lima 等 6 位作者2005-09-19Journal of Raman Spectroscopy

Abstract Single crystals of L ‐valine, C 5 H 11 O 2 N, have been studied by Raman spectroscopy at temperatures from 17 to 300 K over the spectral range 20–3300 cm −1 . A tentative assignment of the bands is given. Careful analysis of the Raman spectra suggests that a series of changes in the low‐wavenumber region may…

Nonlinear Optical Materials ResearchSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallographyMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

A Study on the Compatibility of NR-EPDM Blends Using Electrical and Mechanical Techniques

M. O. Abou-Helal、Salwa H. El‐Sabbagh2005-09-19Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

Systematic electrical and physicomechanical studies have been carried out on natural rubber (NR) blended with synthetic rubber ethylene-propylene diene monomer (EPDM) as non-polar rubber. The permittivity ("0) and dielectric loss ("00) of this blend have been measured over a wide range of frequencies (42 Hz-5 MHz) at…

Polymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesHigh voltage insulation and dielectric phenomenaDielectric materials and actuators

Memory in quantum-dot photoluminescence blinking

Fernando D. Stefani、Xinhua Zhong、Wolfgang Knoll 等 5 位作者2005-09-19New Journal of Physics

We demonstrate that subsequent on- and off-times of the luminescence blinking of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are correlated, indicating that the process behind is not memoryless. A residual memory, which has been overlooked in previous investigations of the blinking, is found to last for several (∼40) detected on…

Semiconductor Quantum Structures and DevicesQuantum Dots Synthesis And PropertiesChalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films

Thermal conductivity and bulk viscosity in quartic oscillator chains

G. R. Lee-Dadswell、B. G. Nickel、C.G. Gray2005-09-19Physical Review E

We propose a relation which predicts the low-frequency thermal conductivity of a one-dimensional (1D) system from the thermal conductivity and bulk viscosity at higher frequency. Our theory is based on the assumption that "ballistic" transport by sound waves dominates the heat transport. For a system with equal heat c…

Material Dynamics and PropertiesThermal properties of materialsNanopore and Nanochannel Transport Studies

Synthesis of Corrole Derivatives through Regioselective Ir‐Catalyzed Direct Borylation

Satoru Hiroto、Ichiro Hisaki、Hiroshi Shinokubo 等 4 位作者2005-09-19Angewandte Chemie International Edition

Showdown at the OK corrole: The direct borylation of corroles under iridium catalysis through CH activation proceeds with perfect regioselectivity and excellent yields. 2-Borylated corroles allow an easy access (two steps) to directly linked corrole–porphyrin conjugates and other functionalized corroles (see scheme).

Catalytic C–H Functionalization MethodsPorphyrin and Phthalocyanine ChemistryMetal-Catalyzed Oxygenation Mechanisms

Domain populations in lead zirconate titanate thin films of different compositions via piezoresponse force microscopy

Aoli Wu、Paula M. Vilarinho、Vladimir V. Shvartsman 等 5 位作者2005-09-19Nanotechnology

Pb (Zr x Ti 1− x )O 3 (PZT) thin films with (111) texture were deposited onto commercially available Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates via the sol–gel technique. Piezoforce microscopy (PFM) was then used to analyse the evolution of domain populations as a function of the Zr content x . Domain structures of virgin films, loca…

Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric MaterialsMultiferroics and related materialsAcoustic Wave Resonator Technologies

Asymmetric oscillation of adherent targeted ultrasound contrast agents

Shukui Zhao、Katherine W. Ferrara、Paul A. Dayton2005-09-19Applied Physics Letters

With a lipid shell containing biotin, micron-sized bubbles bound to avidin on a porous and flexible cellulose boundary were insonified by ultrasound. The oscillation of these targeted microbubbles was observed by high-speed photography and compared to the oscillation of free-floating microbubbles. Adherent microbubble…

Ultrasound and Hyperthermia ApplicationsUltrasound and Cavitation PhenomenaPhotoacoustic and Ultrasonic Imaging