Materials Literature
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The effect of talc on cell nucleation of polypropylene (PP) foam was investigated. Branched high-melt-strength PP was used to reduce bubble coalescence during extrusion foam processing. When isopentane was used as a blowing agent, bubble nucleation was dominated by the talc concentration, and the isopentane content di…
Highly conductive polycrystalline ZnO films have been grown by metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) using dimethylzinc (DMZn), dimethylzinc-triethylamine (DMZn-TEN) and tertiary butanol (tBuOH) as precursors. When (DMZn-TEN) is used the efficiency of the zinc precursors is reduced by the formation of gas-p…
The polyamorphism of triphenyl phosphite has been investigated from a low-frequency Raman-scattering study. Interesting features about glaciation processes have been revealed from a study of the boson peak and an analysis of the Raman susceptibility in the glacial and crystalline states. The very close correspondence…
Ultrafine grain sizes were introduced into an Al-3wt%Mg solid solution alloy and a commercial Al-Mg-Li-Zr alloy through intense plastic straining by equalchannel angular (ECA) pressing at room temperature and at 673 K respectively. Tensile testing of pressed samples at room temperature revealed markedly different stre…
Abstract The ability of microorganisms to reduce structural Fe in minerals has become recognized as an important mechanism in the oxidation of pollutants in soils and sediments. To better understand the factors controlling the concentration of Fe(II) in natural deposits, samples of clayey till from sites near Havrebje…
Crystalline silicon (c-Si) is the dominant semiconductor material in use for terrestrial photovoltaic cells and a clear tendency towards thinner, active cell structures and simplified processing schemes is observable within contemporary c-Si photovoltaic research. The potential applications of porous silicon and relat…
In this paper the authors present a technique based on the use of a virtual air gap in which equivalent thickness varies as a function of controllable parameters adapted to the configuration of the magnetic circuit and the associated control system. The principle is presented using a magnetic circuit similar to the tr…
Compositions and structures of sputter-deposited Cu–N films are strongly dependent on the total sputtering pressure and on the content of nitrogen gas. The Cu–N films obtained can be classified into four categories: metallic Cu-rich Cu3N films with a positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR), semiconductin…
The field dependence of the magnetoelectric effect and longitudinal magnetostriction of Ga2−x FexO3 single crystals is studied in magnetic fields up to 200 kOe in the temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K. It is shown that the magnetoelectric effect in these materials is determined mainly by the toroidal moment T and is…
A comparative analysis is made of the errors in deriving the optical parameters (n, refractive index; k, absorption coefficient; d, film thickness) of thin films from spectrophotometric measurements at normal light incidence. The errors in determining n, k, and d by the (TR(f)R(b)), (TR(f)R(m)), (TR(b)R(m)), (TR(f)),…
By the use of the correct Fourier factorization rules presented in an earlier paper by Li the Fourier modal method (FMM) for anisotropic surface-relief gratings is reformulated. The newly formulated FMM converges much faster than the old formulation when the permittivity contrast in the grating groove region is large.…
The Hall effect and its systematic variation with doping level $(x)$ and temperature have been investigated for crystals of ${\mathrm{La}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Sr}}_{x}{\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ $(0.18<~x<~0.50)$ with perovskite structure. The ordinary Hall coefficient ${(R}_{H})$ at 4.2 K indicates that the carr…
The trend toward a deregulated global electricity market is raising utility cost consciousness. An important aspect of cost savings is equipment investment for the power transmission system, and power transformers are among the most expensive elements of a high voltage power system. Cost savings can be realized throug…
Starburst dendrimers (SBDs) of different generations (size) and level of protonations of their surface amino groups and solutions of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) vesicles were analyzed, both separately and in mixtures of the two components, by negative-staining transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic…
An experimental analysis technique is described for accurate extraction of the coherence length and the complex third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ(3) in films or bulk optical glasses from the Maker fringes obtained by third-harmonic generation measurements. This method permits calculation of the third-order suscep…
The method of stimulated echoes was used to investigate the reorientational mechanism in the selectively deuterated glass-former glycerol, C3D5(OH)3 about 15 K above its calorimetric glass temperature. The reorientation process is fully isotropic. This enables an accurate determination of the decay constant, T1Q, of t…
Structure–property relationship studies have been performed in the La-modified lead zirconate titanate (PLZT) solution as a function of quenched La impurity content and Zr/Ti ratio by transmission electron microscopy, lattice imaging, and dielectric spectroscopy. Investigations were performed for 65/35⩽Zr/Ti⩽90/10. Th…
Certain aspects of the methodology of genetic algorithms for global structural optimization of clusters were studied. Through systematic investigations of Lennard-Jones clusters with up to 100 atoms, several modifications were made to the genetic algorithm introduced by Deaven and Ho [ Phys. Rev. Lett. 1995, 75, 288].…
X-ray diffraction data have been collected at both low (120 K) and room temperature from triclinic crystals of hen egg-white lysozyme to 0.925 and 0.950 A resolution, respectively, using synchrotron radiation. Data from one crystal were sufficient for the low-temperature study, whereas three crystals were required at…
The polymerization of D,L-lactide in the presence of zinc metal was investigated for low values of the monomer/catalyst ratio in order to allow end-group characterization of the growing chains by high resolution 360MHz 1H NMR. The results showed that the polymerization was moisture sensitive and that only a fraction o…