Materials Literature
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The absolute cross sections for electronic excitations of thymine by electron impact between 5 and 12 eV are determined by means of electron-energy loss (EEL) spectroscopy for the molecule deposited at submonolayer coverage on an inert Ar substrate. The lowest EEL features at 3.7 and 4.0 eV are attributed to the excit…
Subsolidus phase relationships in the Ga 2 O 3 –Al 2 O 3 –TiO 2 system at 1400°C were studied using X‐ray diffraction. Phases present in the pseudoternary system include TiO 2 (rutile), Ga 2−2 x Al 2 x O 3 ( x ≤0.78 β‐gallia structure), Al 2−2 y Ga 2 y O 3 ( y ≤0.12 corundum structure), Ga 2−2 x Al 2 x TiO 5 (0≤ x ≤1…
Reaction pathways and energetics for the conversion of benzene to phenol by FeO + in the gas phase are discussed using density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G** level of theory. Three reaction pathways are available for this reaction. The first one is a nonradical mechanism to form a hydroxo interm…
A hydrogen storage ability caused by the interaction between nanostructured carbon (CnanoHx) and lithium hydride (LiH) is demonstrated, which should be recognized as Li-C-H system in the H-storage materials. Especially, the 2:1 mixture of CnanoHx and LiH exhibited promising hydrogen storage properties with a rechargea…
Multifunctional poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer-based nanodevices provide novel nanoplatforms for targeting, imaging, and treatment of cancers in vitro and in vivo. Generational, skeletal, and substitutional dispersities are always present in dendrimer-based medical nanodevices. Molecular distribution plays a centr…
Recent biological studies on water strider insects revealed the detailed mechanism of their staying and walking on water. While macro scale bodies use buoyancy to stay on water, these very light and small insects balance their weight using repulsive surface tension forces where the insect legs are covered with hydroph…
Igel- oder nestartige Mikrokugeln aus V2O5 entstehen in einem Polyol-vermittelten Prozess durch Aggregation von V2O5-Nanostäbchen. Bei niedrigen Konzentrationen des Ausgangsmaterials [V(acac)3] wird die Nestform bevorzugt, bei höheren Konzentrationen entstehen igelförmige Gebilde (siehe Bild). Die V2O5-Mikrokugeln zei…
${\mathrm{Gd}}_{5}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{4}$ crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group $Pnma$, and orders antiferromagnetically below the N\'eel temperature ${T}_{N}\ensuremath{\sim}127\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. We have employed x-ray resonant magnetic scattering to elucidate the details of the magnetic struct…
The shear viscosity of molten NaCl and KCl was calculated through equilibrium (EMD) and nonequilibrium molecular-dynamics (NEMD) simulations in the canonical (N,V,T) ensemble. Two rigid-ion potentials were investigated, namely, the Born-Mayer-Huggins-Tosi-Fumi potential and the Michielsen-Woerlee-Graaf-Ketelaar potent…
The thermal conductivities of micron-thick epitaxial layers of dilute ${\mathrm{Si}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ge}}_{x}$ alloys, $2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}<x<0.01$, are measured in the temperature range $297<T<550\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ using time-domain ther…
A stable bilayer electrolyte with high ionic conductivity was developed for intermediate‐temperature solid oxide fuel cell operation. The bilayer structure improved the limited thermodynamic stability of bismuth oxides and prevented electronic conductivity of ceria‐based oxides in reducing atmosphere. Bilayer electrol…
We derive an approximate solution for the Laplace transform of the time-dependent diffusion coefficient, D(t), of a molecule diffusing in a periodic porous material. In our model, the material is represented by a simple cubic lattice of identical cubic cavities filled with a solvent and connected by small circular ape…
A review is given of ceramic and single‐crystal thin film ferroelectric oxides, emphasizing perovskite phases, together with some new developments on hafnia films. It is shown that single‐crystal barium titanate films behave as bulk down to at least 77 nm, with no finite size effects, no phase transition temperature s…
Liquid‐phased polyaluminasilazanes were synthesized by simply reacting a liquid polyureasilazane with aluminum isopropoxide. The reaction was studied by Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and mass spectroscopy. The resultant polyaluminasilazanes were then pyrolysized to form amorphous SiAlCN ceramics at 10…
Efficient upconversion luminescence has been observed from CdSe nanoparticles ranging in size from 2.5 to 6 nm. The upconversion luminescence exhibits a near-quadratic laser power dependence. Emissions from both excitons and trap states are observed in the upconversion and photoluminescence spectra, and in the upconve…
High-pressure X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer, and Raman studies in the antiferromagnetic insulators R FeO 3 orthorhombic perovskites ( R = Pr, Eu, Lu) disclose an unusual phenomena of a reversible first-order isostructural phase transition around 50 GPa concurring with an abrupt ∼ 5% volume decrease. It is shown experim…
Metal nanoparticle nanotubes (NPNTs) have been introduced by us as a new class of template-synthesized, nanoparticle-based nanotubes possessing unique features such as room-temperature preparation, highly corrugated wall structure, electrical conductivity, mechanical stability, and defined optical absorbance. The nano…
A design and processing approach to fabricate ceramic laminates with high mechanical reliability, i.e., high failure resistance, limited strength scatter, and increased damage tolerance is presented in this paper. Different ceramic layers are stacked together to develop a specific residual stress profile after sinteri…
Functionalized polymer nanoparticles have been synthesized through an intramolecular cross-linking reaction with polystyrene as the backbone and an amino group as the functional moiety. The intramolecular cross-linking reaction was performed under ultradilute conditions, and the cross-linked polymers were characterize…
Ultrafast photoelectric effects have been observed in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3∕Si p-n junctions fabricated by laser molecular-beam epitaxy. The rise time was ∼210ps and the full width at half-maximum was ∼650ps for the photovoltaic pulse when the junction was irradiated by a 1064nm laser pulse of 25ps duration. The photovoltaic…