Materials Literature
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Styrene–maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymers containing either 7 or 14% maleic anhydride were filled with either pine flour or dry-process aspen fiber from a medium density fiberboard (MDF) plant. Material properties of the filled and unfilled SMA plastics were compared with those of aspen-fiber-filled and unfilled polys…
Measurements of nonspecular EUV scattering from Mo/Si multilayer coated mirrors have been performed. The surface power spectral density is deduced from the angular scattering distribution and in all cases is found to be in excellent agreement with surface profile measurements, by both optical and atomic force microsco…
Je 32 Carboxylat- und Ammonium-Funktionalitäten ermöglichen die elektrostatische Wechselwirkung zwischen unterschiedlich geladenen dendritischen Elektrolyten und Porphyrinkernen, die in protischen Medien zu einem supramolekularen, fluoreszenzaktiven Aggregat mit vorausbestimmbarer Anordnung zweier kommunizierender Chr…
A new generation of nonionic surfactants that are widely applicable and simultaneously ecologically compatible has been developed in the alkyl polyglycosides. Their production from the renewable resources glucose and fatty alcohol and their ultimate biodegradation into carbon dioxide, water, and assimilated bacterial…
The surprising accessibility of the title compound has enabled the first X-ray structural analysis of the hydrogen peroxocarbonate anion (shown on the right).
Four different poly(ethylene oxide) [PEO] molecules were compared as grafted polymer layers for biomaterials' substrates: two linear polymers and two star polymers. Conditions maximizing surface coverage for each molecule were employed with the aim of inhibiting protein adsorption and increasing the density of end gro…
1-Heptanol flow in irregularly shaped surface grooves in Pd-coated Cu is shown to be an example of Poiseuille flow with simple Washburn kinetics of the form z 2 = C (γ/μ) t, where γ is the liquid surface tension, μ is the viscosity, and C is a function of the groove dimensions and the contact angle θ. A shape independ…
Diffractograms with twelvefold rotational symmetry (depicted on the right) were obtained from the first quasicrystalline chalcogenide Ta1.6Te. This compound was prepared on a preparative scale by the reduction of TaTe2 with tantalum below 1870 K. This tantalum-rich telluride, which is the first stable dodecagonal phas…
We present a new method for realizing the adiabatic connection approach in density functional theory, which is based on combining accurate variational quantum Monte Carlo calculations with a constrained optimization of the ground state many-body wavefunction for different values of the Coulomb coupling constant. We us…
Tempering of polystyrene films containing the novel liquid crystalline coronenebis(dicarboximide)s 2, which are formed by an easy route from perylene-3,4;9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (1), leads to a shift of the emission within a few seconds. This could be used for dot-by-dot coloring and thus optical displays. Th…
We present Monte Carlo and Langevin micromagnetic calculations to investigate thermal switching of single-domain ferromagnetic particles. For the Monte Carlo study we place particular emphasis on the probability that the magnetization does not switch by time t. We find that this quantity has different behaviors in dif…
We present an overview of the subject of Magnetic Particles, starting at a level suitable for advanced high-school students and ending at a level suitable for current practitioners in the field. The sub-topics covered include: Types of Magnetic Materials, Relationships Between the Vector Fields, Magnetic Energies, Dyn…
Polylactic acid (PLA) polymer film was degraded in abiotic and biotic environments to understand the role of microbes in the degradation process of lactic acid based polymers. The degradation studies were conducted in a well-characterized biotic system, an abiotic system, a sterile aqueous system, and a desiccated env…
The development of inelastic x-ray scattering with millielectron volt energy resolution at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble, France, provides a method for studying high-frequency collective dynamics in disordered systems. This has led to the observation of propagating acoustic phonon-like excita…
A new generation of nonionic surfactants that are widely applicable and simultaneously ecologically compatible has been developed in the alkyl polyglycosides. Their production from the renewable resources glucose and fatty alcohol and their ultimate biodegradation into carbon dioxide, water, and assimilated bacterial…
The equilibrium and kinetics of the protonation of 5,10, 15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin (H 2 TPP) and the demetalation of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrinatozinc(II) (ZnTPP) at a dodecane−aqueous acid interface were investigated by means of a new in situ spectrophotometric method, the centrifugal liquid membrane method, wh…
The behavior of the compensation temperature of a mixed Ising ferrimagnetic system on a square lattice in which the two interpenetrating square sublattices have spins $σ$ ($\pm 1/2$) and spins $S$ ($\pm 1,0$) has been studied with Monte Carlo methods. Our model includes nearest and next-nearest neighbor interactions,…
The Douglas-Kroll transformed Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian is used to describe scalar-relativistic effects in solids. A Hartree-Fock approximation with periodic boundary conditions makes it feasible to use methods originally developed for atoms and molecules to solve the corresponding equations for crystalline systems. T…
Phenomenological equations describing the Seebeck, Hall, Nernst, Peltier, Ettingshausen, and Righi-Leduc effects are numerically solved for the temperature, electric current, and electrochemical potential distributions of semiconductors under magnetic field. The results are compared to experiments.
An update is presented of the activities of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee C-28 on Advanced Ceramics. Since its inception in 1986, this committee, which has five standard producing subcommittees, has written and published over 32 consensus standards. These standards are concerned with…