Materials Literature
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We develop and test a new elementary Monte Carlo move for use in the efficient simulation of polymer systems. The move consists of a concerted rotation around up to seven adjacent skeletal bonds that leaves the rest of the chain unaffected. No assumption is made concerning the backbone geometry other than that bond le…
A phase-field model for isothermal solidification of a binary alloy is developed that includes gradient energy contributions for the phase field and for the composition field. When the gradient energy coefficient for the phase field is smaller than that for the solute field, planar steady-state solutions exhibit a red…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCrystal structure and magnetic properties of [Ln2Cu4] hexanuclear clusters (where Ln = trivalent lanthanide). Mechanism of the gadolinium(III)-copper(II) magnetic interactionMarius Andruh, Isabelle Ramade, Epiphane Codjovi, Olivier Guillou, Olivier Kahn, and Jean Christian T…
Abstract This review discusses nonlinear optical (NLO) polymeric materials. As an example of a second‐order NLO material, a novel copolymer with a diazo dye attached is investigated. The second‐order NLO coefficient χ (2) of the copolymer reaches 1.0 × 10 −6 esu, which is 7 times larger than that of LiNbO 3 . A third‐…
Antireflection structured (ARS) surfaces on GaAs substrates for application with normally incident, randomly polarized, 10.6-microm-wavelength radiation are designed and analyzed. Both one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) multilevel profiles are examined with special attention given to multilevel approximat…
Abstract Methane formation in soil is a microbiological process controlled by many factors. Of them soil redox potential (Eh) and soil pH are considered critical controls. A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the critical initiation soil Eh, the optimum soil pH, and the interaction of Eh and pH on…
The various existing classical models for hysteresis, Preisach, Ishlinskii, Duhem–Madelung, are surveyed, as well a more modern treatments by contemporary workers. The emphasis is on a clear mathematical description of the formulation and properties of each model. In addition the authors try to make the reader aware o…
We show how all extended graphitic tubules constructed by rolling up a single graphite sheet can be defined in terms of their helical and rotational symmetries. Specification of these symmetries is practically mandatory in all but the simplest calculations of tubule properties as a function of radius and structure. We…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTStructures of the ferroelectric phases of barium titanateG. H. Kwei, A. C. Lawson, S. J. L. Billinge, and S. W. CheongCite this: J. Phys. Chem. 1993, 97, 10, 2368–2377Publication Date (Print):March 1, 1993Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 Marc…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTHigh-spin molecules: [Mn12O12(O2CR)16(H2O)4]Roberta Sessoli, Hui Lien Tsai, Ann R. Schake, Sheyi Wang, John B. Vincent, Kirsten Folting, Dante Gatteschi, George Christou, and David N. HendricksonCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1993, 115, 5, 1804–1816Publication Date (Print):Mar…
1. Elements of the physical mechanisms of deformation and fracture 2. Elements of continuum mechanics and thermodynamics 3. Identification and theological classification of real solids 4. Linear elasticity, thermoelasticity and viscoelasticity 5. Plasticity 6. Viscoplasticity 7. Damage mechanics 8. Crack mechanics.
A ceramic fuel cell in an all solid‐state energy conversion device that produces electricity by electrochemically combining fuel and oxidant gases across an ionic conducting oxide. Current ceramic fuel cells use an oxygen‐ion conductor or a proton conductor as the electrolyte and operate at high temperatures (>600°…
The spectrum of a charged particle in uniform magnetic field consists of equally spaced Landau levels which are infinitely degenerate. We consider isospectral deformations of this problem and show that the spectrum is again equispaced but nondegenerate for a wide class of non-uniform magnetic fields.
The theory of the synthesis of diamond by the polycondensation of light carbon-containing molecules is examined, and the optimum stoichiometric, thermodynamic, and kinetic conditions for diamond and graphite polycondensation and the reverse conversion of diamond and graphite by water vapour and carbon dioxide are desc…
Experimental data on the use of IR spectra to identify compounds formed on the surface of various supports during the deposition of heteropoly compounds are reviewed. The spectral properties of the heteropoly compounds are analysed according to their type, to the character of the central ion, and to the form of the su…
A plating process was developed to deposit Ni-P, nickel and gold on an optical glass fiber. The tensile strength of the metallized pigtail increases when the oxidation time, or the electrolytic Ni or Au layer thickness increases, or when the electroless Ni layer thickness decreases. A pull force of more than 1,000 g i…
Abstract The structure of an outer accretion disk self-irradiated by the radiation from an inner viscous accretion disk is examined. The radiating region of the inner disk is assumed to be disk-shaped. The structure of the self-irradiated accretion disk is strongly modified from the viscous accretion disk. The tempera…
An expression and mutagenesis system for the E. coli Class II fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase has been created by modification of the vector pKfda (Biochem. J. 257 (1989) 529-534). Large amounts of Class II aldolase (about 1 g/l in crude extracts), with properties consistent with those previously reported for the n…
We have studied the emission spectra from plasmas excited in several compositions of three different gas mixtures useful for the growth of diamond films, namely CH4-H2 (the classical one), CH4-CO2 and C2H2-CO2 (not previously reported by other authors). In all three cases we find the same correlation between the quali…
Crystal to glass transitions are simulated using molecular dynamics for an fcc binary random solid solution with varying atomic size ratios and concentrations. The transition occurs at a critical supersaturated solute concentration with a sufficiently large solute-solvent atomic size difference. Close to the amorphiza…