Materials Literature
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Radiation chemistry dates from the discovery of radioactivity one century ago by H. Becquerel and P. and M. Curie. The complex phenomena induced by ionizing radiation have been explained progressively. At present, the methodology of radiation chemistry, particularly in the pulsed mode, provides a powerful means to stu…
The microstructures of 5 wt% SiO 2 ‐doped TZP, 5 wt% (SiO 2 + 2 wt% MgO)‐doped TZP, and 5 wt% (SiO 2 + 2 wt% Al 2 O 3 )‐doped TZP are characterized by high‐resolution electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy. An amorphous phase is formed at multiple grain junctio…
There are three phases in the phase diagram of SbSI: ferroelectric (T < 298 K), antiferroelectric (298 < T < 410 K) and paraelectric (T > 410 K). In the antiferroelectric phase the arrangement of the polar chains becomes antiparallel (up and down). It causes a disorder of the Sb atoms. Ferroelectricity and phase trans…
Silicate-bearing and silicate-free natrocarbonatites have been recently erupted at Oldoinyo Lengai. Low-pressure (20 and 100 MPa) experiments were undertaken to determine the phase relationships of a natural silicate-bearing natrocarbonatite (OL5) from Oldoinyo Lengai. Nepheline appears first on the liquidus. Over a p…
The reduction of acid gas content in combustion or incineration flue gases can be carried out by reaction with dry, fine alkaline sorbents such as calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide. In the present work, in addition to the thermodynamic study of the different reactions involved in the dechlorination process, an experi…
The microstructure and nonlinear current‐voltage characteristics of Mn 3 O 4 ‐doped ZnO‐V 2 O 5 ceramics, microwave‐sintered at 800°‐1200°C for 10 min, have been investigated. A high density (96% of the theoretical density) has been achieved. The incorporation of Mn 3 O 4 additives does not significantly alter the den…
Abstract Coordination structures of neodymium(III) complexes with some β-diketones were investigated in terms of their correlations with emission efficiency in deuterated dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-d6). The analysis of UV-vis spectra, 13C NMR, electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS) spectra, XANES and EXAFS analysis of tr…
Two different kinds of electron spin resonance (ESR) signals, triclinic and isotropic, are observed in amorphous selenium under photoexcitation at 20 K with a concentration of up to ${10}^{20}{\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}3}.$ ESR annealing behavior shows that isotropic centers are not stable and are converted…
Dielectric properties of the disordered and ordered Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 (abbreviated as PIN) single crystals were investigated in the range of temperature T from -70 to 200°C and of hydrostatic pressures p up to 0.7 GPa. For the disordered PIN, a typical dielectric dispersion which obeys the empirical Vogel-Fulcher…
The glass transition of highly ordered columnar discotics within the framework of the concept of fragility is discussed. The discussion is based on experimental findings from dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, calorimetric, and X-ray scattering measurements. The findings are that discotics in their three-dimensionall…
We discuss the deformation of a curved interface between solid phases, assuming small strains in the bulk phases and neglecting accretion at the interfaces. Such assumptions are relevant to the deformation of solid microstructures when atomic diffusion and the formation of defects such as dislocations are negligible.…
This paper attempts the geometric modeling of woven and braided fabric structures in three dimensions using a computer aided geometric design (CAGD) technique. A new symbolic approach to fabric structure representation, which is useful to the textile CAD/CAM process and fabric design, is presented, and a basic model i…
Benzotriazole-mediated indirect electrophilic substitution in the position para to the oxygen atom of benzo[b]pyrylium salts has been used for the synthesis of long-chain and bifunctional benzo[b]pyrylium species. The methodology has potential for application in high technology and the pharmaceutical industries, for t…
The use of Al2O3 polycrystalline fibers and whiskers as strengtheners in high-temperature composites is of great interest owing to their high elastic modulus and their thermal and chemical stability. The authors describe in this communication a novel type of crystalline α-Al2O3 fiber. These new fibers—termed ribbons b…
Supercritical fluid crystallization (SCFC) method is proposed for preparing microcrystals of π-conjugated organic compounds as a development of conventional reprecipitation method. In SCFC method, both size and form of titanylphthalocyanine microcrystals could be controlled by changing experimental conditions such as…
High voltage solid dielectrics are employed in a wide range of electrotechnology, from video flyback transformers to transmission-class solid dielectric cables. The design criteria for the application of such dielectrics are well developed, and failure is primarily the result of unanticipated defects. In this context,…
Paralia sulcata (Ehrenberg) Cleve is a brackish to marine diatom commonly found in coastal waters. In Saanich Inlet, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, P. sulcata is a dominant species in both the phytoplankton and sediments. The stratigraphy of this species from sediment cores shows an increase in absolute abundance…
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors have investigated dysprosium [Dy]-DOTA-PAMAM, generation 5 (G = 5) dendrimers as a possible new class of macromolecular T2 contrast agents. The use of DOTA provides a metal complex with greater stability than can be achieved using DTPA as ligand, an important factor in the design…
The thermal conductivity of a randomly oriented composite material is modeled using a probabilistic approach in order to determine if a size effect exists for the thermal conductivity at small composite thicknesses. The numerical scheme employs a random number generator to position the filler elements, which have a re…
It is accepted that the cooling rates of alloys during solidification can strongly influence their microstructure and, consequently, their corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. However, the influence of the cooling rate on the dendrite arm spacings of alloy AZ91 is not often discussed in the literature, and…