Materials Literature
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High hydrostatic pressures were applied to single-wall carbon nanotubes by means of a diamond anvil cell (DAC), and micro-Raman spectroscopy was simultaneously used to monitor the pressure-induced shift of various nanotube bands. The data confirm recent results independently obtained from internal pressure experiments…
Titanium diboride (TiB 2 ) was hot‐pressed at a temperature of 1800°C, and silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) was added as a sintering aid. The amount of Si 3 N 4 that was added had a significant influence on the sinterability and mechanical properties of the TiB 2 . When a small amount (2.5 wt%) of Si 3 N 4 was added, the S…
The main aim of this paper is to show how well we can design novel molecule-based magnets using Prussian blue analogues based on theory. We obtained various novel magnets, i.e. magnets containing both ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions without spin frustration, a magnet having two compensation temperatures, col…
A series of novel composite inorganic-organic materials from the copper-cyanide-triazolate-organoamine system have been isolated and structurally characterized. An unusual interpenetrating layered structure type composed of fused and flattened "slinkies", [Cu(6)(CN)(5)(trz)] (1) (trz = triazolate, C(2)N(3)H(2)(-)), a…
The physicochemical characterization of MS-325 [trisodium {4-(R)-[(4,4-diphenylcyclohexyl)phosphanooxymethyl]-3,6,9-triaza-3,6,9-tris(methoxycarbonyl)undecanedioato}gadolinium(III)], a new derivative of Gd-DTPA {Magnevist®: dimeglumin [{3,6,9-triaza3,6,9-tris(methoxycarbonyl)undecanedioato}gadolinium(III)], presented…
Prior to attaching any biological significance to differences between two related protein crystal structures, it must be established that such differences are genuine, rather than artefacts of the structure-determination protocol. This will be all the more important as more and more related protein structures are solv…
The existence of a distribution of relaxation times has been widely used to describe the relaxation function versus frequency in glass-forming liquids. Several empirical distributions have been proposed and the usual method is to fit the experimental data to a model that assumes one of these functions. Another alterna…
Recent molecular dynamics simulations of high-energy high-angle twist grain boundaries (GBs) in Si revealed a universal liquid-like high-temperature structure which, at lower temperatures, undergoes a reversible structural and dynamical transition from a confined liquid to a solid; low-energy boundaries, by contrast,…
Most authors include a paraxial (small-angle) limitation in their discussion of diffracted wave fields. This paraxial limitation severely limits the conditions under which diffraction behavior is adequately described. A linear systems approach to modeling nonparaxial scalar diffraction theory is developed by normaliza…
This is a review article of the various experimental approaches used for measuring fabric mechanical properties important in apparel handling, including the biaxial tension and in-plane shear parameters. First, the paper discusses the important issues encountered during such a fabric test. Then most existing biaxial t…
Room–temperature magnets belonging to the Prussian blue family were obtained recently through mild chemistry methods, i.e. molecular solution chemistry at room temperature and pressure. The paper describes the rational way followed to reach this goal and the prospects opened. First, the structure of Prussian blues and…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetic measurements, and a single-crystal x-ray structure determination at normal pressure have shown that Jahn-Teller active manganese ions in ${\mathrm{ZnMn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ are present in one valence state (III) on the octahedral sites of the spinel structure. The high-pres…
A low-temperature topotactic route is used to assemble metal−anion arrays within a perovskite host. Ion exchange between RbLaNb 2 O 7 and CuX 2 (X = Cl, Br) results in a new set of layered copper−oxyhalide perovskites, (CuX)LaNb 2 O 7 . Rietveld structural analysis of X-ray powder diffraction data confirms the formati…
Processing and properties of bagasse fiber-polypropylene composites are reported. Four different chemical treatments of the vegetal fibers were performed in order to improve interface adhesion with the thermoplastic matrix: namely isocyanate, acrylic acid, mercerization, and washing with alkaline solution were applied…
A new method for fabrication of metal‐cermet anodes in solid‐oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) has been developed. Highly porous, yttria‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) films were prepared using a mixture of zircon fibers (YSZp, Si‐stabilized, and <0.3% Si) and normal YSZ powders (YSZd). The films remained highly porous following ca…
Magnetic and specific-heat measurements are performed in three different samples of ${\mathrm{LaMnO}}_{3+\ensuremath{\delta}},$ with $\ensuremath{\delta}=0.11,$ 0.15, and 0.26, presenting important disorder effects, such as carrier localization, due to high amounts of La and Mn vacancies. For the samples with $\ensure…
The changes of crystal structure and morphology in poly(glycolide), PGA, homopolymer and poly(glycolide- co - l -lactide), PGA- co -PLA, (90/10) random copolymer during in vitro degradation were investigated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (…
A new red phosphor, SrTiO 3 :Pr 3+ , was developed for vacuum fluorescent displays (VFDs) and field emission displays (FEDs). It was discovered that the addition of Al is essential to achieve a high luminous efficiency of low-voltage cathodoluminescence and photoluminescence. The mechanism underlying the improvement o…
Carbon nanotubes were discovered by electron microscopy in the carbon soot produced in an electric arc between graphite electrodes, as used in the production of fullerenes. Details of this microstructure have been studied mainly by the combined use of electron microscopic imaging and electron diffraction. Due to the s…
We show that a free energy entirely in the order-parameter strain variable(s), rather than the displacement field, provides a unified understanding of martensitic textures. We use compatibility equations, linking the strain tensor components in the bulk and at interfaces, that induce anisotropic order-parameter strain…