Materials Literature
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A novel membrane reactor with two zones containing structured filamentous catalytic beds was proposed for propane nonoxidative dehydrogenation. Catalytic filaments with a ∼7-μm diameter consist of silica covered by porous alumina with 0.5% Pt/1% Sn. These filaments were placed in parallel in a tubular membrane reactor…
The effect of terminal sterilization by gamma-irradiation on several ricinoleic acid based polyanhydrides was investigated. The following polymers were used: poly(ricinoleic acid maleate) [P(RAM)], poly(ricinoleic acid succinate) [P(RAS)], poly(hydroxy stearic acid succinate) [P(HSAS)], poly(hydroxy stearic acid malea…
Abstract Rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), PVC/chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), and PVC/CPE/oxidized polyethylene (OPE) compounds were prepared in a Haake torque rheometer. The fusion percolation thresholds (FPTs) of these compounds were defined and compared. Moreover, the fusion curves of these compounds were illustra…
In this work, we report an experimental investigation on hydrogen insertion mechanism into layered solid α-MoO 3 by creating different traveling paths for hydrogen during the protonation reaction with H 2 S at 152−155 °C. Our results show that hydrogen preferentially enters the layered host along 〈001〉 direction, alth…
Abstract A two‐part study utilizing polyoxymethylene (POM) was undertaken to investigate a three stage process (melt extrusion/annealing/uniaxial stretching) (MEAUS) employed to produce microporous films. In this first part, three POM resins (D, E, and F) were melt extruded into tubular films (blowup ratio; BUR = 1),…
Synthesis of an alpha,beta-alkyl branched polyester, i.e., poly(2-methyl-3-hydroxyoctanoate), has been accomplished via anionic polymerization of alpha-methyl-beta-pentyl-beta-propiolactone mediated by supramolecular complexes of potassium methoxide or potassium hydroxide, respectively. The structure of resulting poly…
The derivatives of anthraquinone, AQ n, and anthracene, A n, substituted with four alkoxy chains H 2 n +1 C n O (4 ≤ n even ≤ 14) in the 1, 4, 5, and 8 positions were synthesized. All of the molecules, except A 4, yield the smectic A mesophase below the isotropic phase, and with decreasing temperature, ordered smectic…
Cubic boron nitride nanocrystals with particle sizes of 25 nm have been synthesized at low temperature and low pressure by the benzene thermal method. The X-ray diffraction, infrared absorption spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectrum, and the select-area electron diffraction pattern agree very well, and they confirm th…
Nanowires, point contacts and metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional nanostructures which display important size-dependent quantum effects. Quantization due to the transverse confinement and resultant finite level spacing of electronic and phononic states are responsible for some novel effects. Many…
We report measurements of the low frequency conductivity and dielectric permittivity of quasi-one-dimensional organic (TMTTF) 2 X salts with non-centrosymmetrical anions X = ReO 4 and SCN. We show that the `structureless transition' at 227.5 K in (TMTTF) 2 ReO 4 is due to charge ordering and has a ferroelectric charac…
The ferroelectric insulator ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ can be electron-doped by substitution of divalent ${\mathrm{Ba}}^{2+}$ with trivalent ${\mathrm{La}}^{3+},$ creating d states at the transition-metal sites. The successive filling of the $3d$ Ti band initiates a sequence of electronic transitions. First, the system un…
The adsorption of CO at several adsorption temperatures T a in the range of 300−480 K on a reduced 4.7%Cu/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is studied by both FTIR spectroscopy and a volumetric method using a mass spectrometer as the detector. Only a linearly adsorbed CO species is detected with an IR band at 2092 cm -1 at 300 K afte…
Abstract 3‐Methacryloxypropylpolysilsesquioxane (MA‐PS) was prepared by acid‐ or base‐catalyzed hydrolytic polycondensation of 3‐methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAS). MA‐PS coating film was prepared by dip‐coating on organic, metal and inorganic substrates, including poly(ethylene terephthalate), aluminum, stainle…
Site-selective carboxylate abstraction has been achieved from [Mn(12)O(12)(O(2)CR)(16)(H(2)O)(4)] complexes by treatment with HNO(3) in MeCN. The reaction of the R = Ph or CH(2)Bu(t)() complexes with 4 equiv of HNO(3) gives [Mn(12)O(12)(NO(3))(4)(O(2)CR)(12)(H(2)O)(4)] (R = CH(2)Bu(t) (6) or Ph (7)) in analytical puri…
Abstract The less‐volatile compounds forming a smoke emitted during the thermal degradation of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) in different conditions were studied. Thermal degradation of PET was carried out within the temperature range of 200–700°C in both a nitrogen and an air atmosphere. The less‐volatile therma…
Polyelectrolyte complexes of poly(1,4-phenyleneethynylene carboxylate) (PPE) with 10 different cationic counterions were prepared. The counterions differed in their amphiphilicity, their headgroups (ammonium, pyridinium and sulfonium), and their alkyl chain lengths. It is shown that the optical properties of the PPE c…
Abstract The graft polymerization of acrylic acid was carried out onto poly(ethylene terephthalate) films that had been pretreated with argon plasma and subsequently exposed to oxygen to create peroxides. The influence of synthesis conditions, such as plasma treatment time, plasma power, monomer concentration, tempera…
Abstract Starch, a hydrophilic renewable polymer, has been used as a filler for environmentally friendly plastics for about 2 decades. Starch granules become swollen and gelatinized when water is added or when they are heated, and water is often used as a plasticizer to obtain desirable product properties. The objecti…
Abstract The effects of high‐energy radiation on sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with a degree of substitution of 2.2 were investigated. Moderate CMC concentrations formed hydrogels by intermolecular crosslinking. Significant influences on the results of irradiation, in addition to the concentration, were the dose…
As a part of an ongoing project on the production of composite materials based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and polymeric materials from renewable resources, the present paper reports on the incorporation of agricultural waste materials as organic fillers in a film matrix based on PVA as continuous phase. In this stud…