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Calculations of mean free paths and stopping powers of low energy electrons (⩽ 10 keV) in solids using a statistical model

J. C. Ashley、C. J. Tung、R. H. Ritchie 等 4 位作者1976-12-01IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science

A statistical model is described and employed to calculate inverse mean free paths and stopping powers for electrons of energies from a few eV to 10 keV above the Fermi level in Al, Si, Ni, Cu, Ag, and Au. Brief tables of mean free paths and stopping powers for these solids are presented. In some cases graphical displ…

Electron and X-Ray Spectroscopy TechniquesX-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence AnalysisSurface and Thin Film Phenomena

Further studies on the mechanical properties of mollusc shell material

John D. Currey1976-12-01Journal of Zoology

Values of tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, hardness and modulus of elasticity are reported for the shell material of various species of bivalve, gastropod and cephalopod mollusc. Nacre is the strongest structural type, but crossed lamellar structure is the hardest. Possible selective reasons f…

Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and InhibitionCephalopods and Marine Biology

Influence of Electron Noise on Three-dimensional Image Reconstruction

R. Hegerl、W. Hoppe1976-12-01Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A

Abstract A three-dimensional reconstruction requires the same integral dose as a conventional two-dimensional micrograph provided that the level of significance and the resolution are identical. The necessary dose D for one of the K projections in a reconstruction series is, therefore, the integral dose divided by K.

Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and ApplicationsAdvanced X-ray Imaging TechniquesElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques

Synthesis and interconversion of the isomeric .alpha.- and .beta.-molybdate (Mo8O264-) ions

W. G. Klemperer、W. SHUM1976-12-01Journal of the American Chemical Society

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTSynthesis and interconversion of the isomeric .alpha.- and .beta.-molybdate (Mo8O264-) ionsW. G. Klemperer and W. ShumCite this: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1976, 98, 25, 8291–8293Publication Date (Print):December 1, 1976Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue…

Catalysis and Oxidation ReactionsChemical Synthesis and CharacterizationPolyoxometalates: Synthesis and Applications

Line Shift Method for Phosphor Temperature Measurements

Hideo Kusama、O. J. Sovers、Taisuke Yoshioka1976-12-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

Two possible approaches to spectroscopic measurements of the internal temperature of Y 2 O 2 S: Eu are discussed. Methods based on relative Eu 3+ fluorescence line intensities are found either to be insufficiently sensitive or to suffer from unavoidable experimental difficulties. The method which is adopted exploits t…

Luminescence Properties of Advanced MaterialsAdvanced Chemical Physics StudiesSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallography

Studies on chitin, 2. Effect of deacetylation on solubility

Takanori Sannan、Keisuke Kurita、Yoshio Iwakura1976-12-01OpenAlex

Abstract A reproducible method for obtaining water‐soluble chitin and a relationship between solubility and degree of deacetylation of chitin were studied. It was found that the regenerated chitin isolated at low temperature from an alkali chitin solution left at 25°C for 48 to 77h showed very good solubility in water…

Nanocomposite Films for Food PackagingAdvanced Cellulose Research StudiesPolysaccharides and Plant Cell Walls

Physical properties of thin-film field emission cathodes with molybdenum cones

C.A. Spindt、I. Brodie、L. M. Humphrey 等 4 位作者1976-12-01OpenAlex

Field emission cathodes fabricated using thin-film techniques and electron beam microlithography are described, together with effects obtained by varying the fabrication parameters. The emission originates from the tip of molybdenum cones that are about 1.5 μm tall with a tip radius around 500 Å. Such cathodes have be…

Diamond and Carbon-based Materials ResearchSemiconductor materials and devicesCarbon Nanotubes in Composites

Longitudinal Optical Vibrations in Glasses: GeO2and SiO2

F. L. Galeener、G. Lucovsky1976-11-29OpenAlex

We show that longitudinal optical (LO) vibrational modes account for several previously unexplained peaks in the Raman spectra of vitreous Ge${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and Si${\mathrm{O}}_{2}$. Identification of LO modes in these and other glasses reduces the complexity of the spectra that must be explained by simple structur…

Mineralogy and Gemology StudiesMaterial Dynamics and PropertiesGlass properties and applications

Valence-Alternation Model for Localized Gap States in Lone-Pair Semiconductors

M. A. Kastner、David Adler、H. Fritzsche1976-11-29OpenAlex

A model is presented for the structure and properties of active centers in lone-pair semiconductors, based on the possibility of unique bonding configurations which can arise from the presence of nonbonding orbitals. It is shown that the lowest-energy neutral center is unstable towards the creation of different positi…

Phase-change materials and chalcogenidesSemiconductor materials and interfacesSemiconductor Quantum Structures and Devices

Raman Spectroscopy of Soft Modes at the Charge-Density-Wave Phase Transition in2H−NbSe2

J. C. Tsang、J.E. Smith、M. W. Shafer1976-11-22Physical Review Letters

The Raman spectra of the layer-structure compounds $2H\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Nb}{\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ and $2H\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$ have been measured between 2 and 300 K. A low-energy peak in the Raman spectrum is found to soften at the charge-density-wave phase transition. This peak is attributed to…

Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallographyOrganic and Molecular Conductors ResearchHigh-pressure geophysics and materials

Thermodynamics of rubber elasticity

C. Price1976-11-19Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A Mathematical and Physical Sciences

Abstract The process of vulcanization, which links the polymer molecules into a three dimensional network, enables reversible thermodynamic measurements to be made on elastomeric materials from which the entropy and energy contributions to the free energy of deformation can be determined. The molecular processes respo…

Elasticity and Material ModelingPolymer Nanocomposites and PropertiesForce Microscopy Techniques and Applications

Investigation of deep centres of chlorine-doped zinc sulfide crystals

А. Н. Георгобиани、Roman Gr. Maev、Yu. V. Ozerov 等 4 位作者1976-11-16physica status solidi (a)

Deep centres of the ZnS: Cl single crystals are investigated by the method of impurity electroabsorption (IEA) and photoconductivity (PhC). In accordance with estimations fulfilled a number of the levels obtained are ascribed to V″Zn; (VZnClS)′ and V′Zn and also to (VZnGaZn)′, whose energy levels are obtained in a pre…

Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallographyChalcogenide Semiconductor Thin Films

Phase transitions and semiconductor-metal transition in V1−xGaxO2 Single Crystals

W. Brückner、U. Gerlach、W. C. Moldenhauer 等 7 位作者1976-11-16physica status solidi (a)

The electrical, thermoelectric, magnetic, and crystallographic properties of Ga-doped VO2 single crystals V1−xGaxO2 (0 ≦ x ≦ 0.013) are investigated. By Ga-doping the transition temperature of the semiconductor-metal transition of VO2 is elevated and the resistivity discontinuity is little increased. The T–x-phase dia…

Ga2O3 and related materialsTransition Metal Oxide NanomaterialsGas Sensing Nanomaterials and Sensors

Yttrium carbonate hydroxide

Gary W. Beall、W. O. Milligan、S. Mroczkowski1976-11-15Acta Crystallographica Section B

YOHCO3, or thorhombic, P212~2~; a = 4.809 (1), b=6 .957 (l), c=8 .466 (1) A; Z = 4 , de= 3.89 g c m -a. The final R for 737 reflections was 0.0518. The carbonate-group distances and angles are C-O(1) 1.288 (9), C-O(2) 1.279 (9), C-O(3) 1-287 (8) A, O(1)-C-O(2) 122.8 (7), O(1)-C-O(3) 118-7 (6), and O(2)-C-O(3) 1183 (7)…

X-ray Diffraction in Crystallography