Materials Literature
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The band gaps and spectral shifts of CdS, CdSe, CdTe, AlP, GaP, GaAs, and InP semiconductor clusters are calculated from band structure calculations using accurate local and nonlocal empirical pseudopotentials. The effect of spin-orbit coupling on the band structures is included in the calculations when they are impor…
A microcellular plastic is a foamed polymer of a cell size in the range of 0.1 to 10 μm and a cell density in the range of 10 9 to 10 15 cells/cm 3 . Typically, microcellular plastics have been shown to possess superior impact strength, toughness, and fatigue life to solid polymers. Polymer/cellulosic-fibre composites…
Abstract The syntheses of the dihydroazulenes (DHAs) DHA‐a‐DHA‐f containing covalently linked heteroaromatic subunits derived from dibenzodioxin, thianthrene, phenoxathiine, N ‐methylphenothiazine, N ‐methylphenoxazine, and N,N′ ‐dimethylphenazine groups are described, and their spectroscopic and analytical data are r…
Broadening of (X-ray) diffraction lines is often due to the distortion fields associated with lattice defects as dislocations. A generally applicable flexible model for distributions of lattice defects and their distortion fields is presented. The model allows a straightforward calculation of diffraction-line profiles…
Captopril protects rat lung from radiation-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis and preserves function and survival in experimental radiation nephropathy. This study determined the structural benefit of captopril used preventively in radiation nephropathy. Twenty-eight Wag/RijMCW rats, divided in six groups, received 0 to…
1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), one of the chloroethyl nitrosoureas, is effective against malignant glioma. To develop its use in intrathecal chemotherapy, we encapsulated BCNU in hybrid liposomes composed of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine and micellar surfactants (Tween 20) and dissolved it in artificial…
Extensive studies of ion implantation into near surface areas of materials have demonstrated astonishing changes of such properties as surface tension, friction, and durability. The cost of implanted ions is currently rather high due to the limited ion current density of the usual ion sources, especially if ions from…
It has been found that subnanometric thin plate precipitates are formed in sputter-deposited Ti-rich Ti-Ni shape-memory films. This has been achieved by heating the as-sputtered amorphous sample at relatively low temperatures. The precipitates are produced along the {100} planes of the bcc (B2) parent phase and are co…
Manganese- and iron-oxidizing bacteria (MFOB) are widely implicated in microbially influenced corrosion, often in association with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Traditionally MFOB have been assigned a passive role in the corrosion process, promoting differential aeration cells, and providing oxygen depleted conditi…
We report the measurement of nondipolar asymmetry parameters for the angular distributions of argon 1s, krypton 2s, and krypton 2p photoemission within 2--3 keV above their respective thresholds. Pronounced asymmetries with respect to the direction of photon propagation are present even at low electron kinetic energie…
Abstract A series of reduced-charge montmorillonites (RCM), prepared from the same parent Li-montmorillonite (Jelšový Potok, Slovakia) by heating at various temperatures (105–210°C) for 24 h, was treated with 6 m HCl at 95°C for periods up to 30 h. Reaction solutions obtained were analysed for Al, Fe, Mg and Li and th…
IR and UV-VIS optical spectroscopy have been used to study the transformations of the properties of diamondlike carbon films following isothermal anneals from Ta=300 to 650 °C. Several processes due to the annealing have been observed: (1) the increase of the absorption due to vibrations of unsaturated bonds of C(sp2)…
Lattice expansion, phase stability, and dimensional stability of doped lanthanum chromites have been examined over a wide range of temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. Reduction of doped lanthanum chromite resulted in a linear expansion of the sample that was dependent on the acceptor (Sr, Ca) concentration, tem…
Luminescent nanometer-sized silicon particles are fabricated by laser ablation of a silicon target in helium gas. The formation of products is found to be governed by the dynamics of the laser-ablated silicon particles in the gas. The products deposited on silicon substrates exhibit light emission with a peak at 1.6 e…
We present an improved calculation of higher-order corrections to the one-loop self-energy of 2P states in hydrogenlike systems with small nuclear charge Z. The method is based on a division of the integration with respect to the photon energy into a high- and a low-energy part. The high-energy part is calculated by a…
Abstract The synthesis of carbohydratecontaining dendrimers has been achieved by a convergent growth approach. The synthetic strategy involves: 1) the synthesis of the triglucosylated derivative of tris(hydroxymethyl)methylamine (TRIS), 2) the introduction of a glycine‐derived spacer and 3,3′‐iminodipropionic acid der…
The effect of sintering temperature on the microstructure and crystal phases of the intergranular praseodymium oxides in ZnO varistor ceramics was investigated using transmission electron microscopy and high‐resolution electron microscopy. The ZnO grains were three‐dimensionally separated from the intergranular praseo…
Ferroelectric properties, crystal structure and microstructures were examined for various Sr/Bi/Ta atomic ratio strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT) films prepared by metalorganic decomposition at 700 and 800° C. The 20% Sr-deficient and 10% Bi-excess (0.8/2.2/2) composition showed maximum remanent polarization ( P r ) v…
Abstract Some new heterocyclic liquid‐crystalline compounds incorporating a 1,3‐disubstituted allene unit were synthesised. These axial‐chiral compounds were investigated by polarisation microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. One of them was also synthesised in enantiomerically enriched form by enantioselec…
The United States generates the largest amount of solid waste per person in the world. The old practice of direct landfilling and storage is receiving greater public resistance and is attributing to the search for alternative disposal methods. The evergrowing problem of solid wastes requires environmentally benign and…