Materials Literature
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Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is a transparent conducting material which is deposited as a thin film on glass substrates for use in opto-electronic devices. However, there are several applications for which ITO films on polymeric substrates are desirable. The sheet resistance, optical transmittance, and microstructure of as-…
Medical array ultrasonic probes using a 0.91Pb(Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.09PbTiO 3 (PZN-PT) single crystal exhibiting a high electromechanical coupling factor ( k 33 ) >90% have been studied in order to realize both a higher sensitivity and broader bandwidth properties. Pulse echo characteristics of the array probes, e…
Molecular chirality leads to a wonderful variety of equilibrium structures, from the simple cholesteric phase to the twist-grain-boundary phases, and it is responsible for interesting and technologically important materials like ferroelectric liquid crystals. This paper will review some recent advances in our understa…
The phase transition from an 'isotropic smectic phase' to the proper SmA* phase in a new photochromic chiral copolymer can be prevented by illumination with non-polarized white light of low intensity. On the basis of the effect observed, a novel photorecording technique is suggested, so that the shadow image appears a…
Recently it has been proposed that alkylsiloxane self-assembled monolayers on oxidized Si(100) decompose through C–C bond cleavage [G. J. Kluth, M. M. Sung, and R. Maboudian, Langmuir 13, 3775 (1991)]. To verify this desorption picture, pentadecyltrichlorosilane precursors with four deuterated carbon atoms at the end…
Three different examples have shown that nanoporous alumina membranes serve as ideal templates for the formation of nanostructured materials and also as a support of those materials in composites. The unique properties of such membranes (transparency, chemical resistivity, thermal stability, adjustable pore sizes etc.…
The spin-crossover behavior of bis{hydro-tris(1,2,4-triazolyl)borato}iron(II) is investigated in bulk and as a magnetically diluted sample in the solid state and in solution as a function of temperature by magnetic susceptibility measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. In aqueous solution the low-spin to h…
The phosphor powder ZnS:Cu,Al,Au has been investigated extensively as a possible green phosphor for field emission displays (FEDs). Phosphor powders of ZnS:Cu,Al,Au have been subjected to electron bombardment (1–5 keV) at oxygen pressures ranging from 1×10−7 to 2×10−6 Torr and different electron current densities (45–…
1. 1 cm2 pieces of eggshells from a commercial battery flock were plasma etched to remove the outer shell membranes. 2. They were decalcified using EDTA (200 g/l, pH 6.9 to 7.0) in paraformaldehyde (20 g/l) and 25% gluteraldehyde (20 ml in 0.98 l) in phosphate buffer, then prepared for light and transmission electron…
Tribochemical polishing (TCP) is a new technique for polishing materials that is based on the friction‐stimulated dissolution of material in a liquid. It differs from chemomechanical or mechanochemical polishing in that it does not use abrasives. Tribochemical polishing of silicon nitride was explored as a function of…
We have measured the phase separation morphology of polystyrene--poly (methyl methacrylate) (PS-PMMA) blend films of thickness $h$ on a silicon oxide $({\mathrm{SiO}}_{x})$ substrate with a ${\mathrm{SiO}}_{x}$ capping layer. We observe a novel phase separation morphology for small capping layer thicknesses $L$ and a…
The growth of epitaxial metal–oxide films on lattice-mismatched metal substrates often results in the formation of unique overlayer structures. In particular, epitaxial chromium oxide films grown on Pt(111) exhibit a p(2×2) symmetry through the first two monolayers of growth which is followed by a (√3×√3)R30° phase th…
In this study we re-examined the inducible cytochrome b558/566 from the archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius (DSM 639), formerly thought to be a component of a terminal oxidase (Becker, M., and Schäfer, G. (1991) FEBS Lett. 291, 331-335). An improved purification method increased the yield of the protein and allowed mor…
The metal dusting resistance of various high alloy steels was tested by exposures of specimens in different surface states at temperatures in the range 500 – 650°C. In addition surface analytical studies (AES) were conducted on the initial stages of oxide formation and the oxide layer after long term exposure under me…
The pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS, EC 4.4.1.14) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway. ACS shares the conservation of 11 invariant residues with a family of aminotransferases that includes aspartate aminotransferase. Site-directed m…
The magnetoresistances (MR's) and magnetic properties of layered manganese oxides, ${\mathrm{Sr}}_{1.6}{R}_{1.4}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{7}$ ($R=\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{P}\mathrm{r},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{N}\mathrm{d},\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}\mathrm{G}\mathrm{d}$; $R$-327…
The lysine-oxoglutarate reductase (LOR) domain of the bifunctional enzyme lysine-oxoglutarate reductase-saccharopine dehydrogenase (LOR/SDH) from maize endosperm was shown to be activated by Ca2+, high salt concentration, organic solvents and Mg2+. The Ca2+-dependent enhancement of LOR activity was inhibited by the ca…
The magnetic properties of various ${R}_{6}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{13\ensuremath{-}x}{M}_{1+x}$ compounds $(R=\mathrm{La}$, Nd, Gd, and Dy) crystallizing in the ${\mathrm{La}}_{6}{\mathrm{Co}}_{11}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{3}$ structure have been investigated by magnetic measurements and x-ray diffraction. It is shown that all ${\mathrm{…
Annealing induces significant microstructural changes in β‐Si 3 N 4 ceramics densified with a silica containing additive, as signified by the precipitation of elongated Si 2 N 2 O grains in the fine‐grained β‐Si 3 N 4 matrix, leading to a reinforced structure. The phases and microstructure evolution and the interface…
Iron(II) octaethyltetraazaporphyrin has been discovered to exist as two polymorphs at room temperature, α- and β-Fe(OETAP). This has been established by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Both ac and dc SQUID magnetometry show that the α phase is a soft molecular ferromagnet with T Curie = 2.8…