Materials Literature
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The effect of an applied electric field on Young’s modulus of nanowires is investigated in this letter. The exact and analytical expressions of the transverse and axial Young moduli of a nanowire in an applied electric field are derived with the aid of the surface energy arising from the charges distributed on the sur…
Regular microcoiled carbon fibers with a double helix structure have been synthesized by the catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene at 750–790°C using Ni powder as a catalyst and thiophene as a promotor. The measurements by a standard four-probe technique of resistance, I-V curves, and magnetoresistance of a single microcoi…
In Ge∕Si Stranski-Krastanov nanostructures grown by chemical vapor deposition, the authors find ∼30meV/decade photoluminescence (PL) spectral shift toward greater photon energies as excitation intensity increases from 0.1to104W∕cm2. The PL lifetime exhibits strong spectral dependence, and it decreases from ∼20μs at 0.…
Leuchtstark: Eine neue Methode ermöglicht die Stabilisierung von ZnO-Nanokristallen durch ionische Flüssigkeiten, die die Nanokristalle mit hoher thermischer Stabilität und guter Fluidität ausstatten. Das Kompositmaterial aus ionischer Flüssigkeit und ZnO zeichnet sich durch eine abstimmbare Photolumineszenz (siehe Bi…
Practical difficulties in performing direct dielectric measurements have forced researchers to employ only indirect methods to study ferroelectricity in zero-dimensional materials; a clear understanding of this issue has thus remained elusive. Here, we directly confirm the existence of ferroelectricity in near-single…
The effect of the B-site donor on the fatigue behavior of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) was studied. Seven elements were considered. The formation energies of oxygen vacancies and band structures of these doped systems were investigated. It was found that the Nb, Ta, and W doped PZT systems have the highest formation…
The electronic structures of Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 were computed and related to the thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te3̸Sb2Te3 superlattices. The authors found that the similarity of the electronic structure of the two materials permits the Bi2Te3̸Sb2Te3 superlattices inherit high band edge degeneracy, and thus have high…
The electronic structures of ordered and disordered Ni3Fe have been investigated by electron energy loss spectroscopy. The threshold energies of the L2,3 edges of Fe, and then Ni, are different in the two phases and the white-line ratios L3∕L2 of Ni and Fe from ordered Ni3Fe are lower than those from disordered Ni3Fe,…
Fougerite has been approved as a new mineral by the International Mineralogical Association in February 2004. Its characteristic blue-green colour is used as a universal criterion to identify the gley soils. By oxidation, it transforms into lepidocrocite. The discovery of fougerite in 1996 was the result of 10 years o…
Ein seltenes Beispiel für thermischen Spin-Crossover in einem MnIII-Komplex geht einher mit der Verlängerung der Bindungen zu den vier äquatorialen N-Donoren beim Erwärmen (siehe Bild; Mn rosa, N violett, O rot), in Einklang mit einer Population des d-Orbitals. Der Spin-Crossover wurde für einen N4(O−)2-Donorsatz mit…
Well-dispersed gold nanodumbbells (GNDs) in an aqueous phase have been successfully fabricated by an electrochemical method using a micelle template formed by two surfactants with the addition of acetone solvent during electrolysis, the primary surfactant being cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) and the cosurfacta…
In situ heating transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the stress relaxation behavior in 1.8μm and 180nm wide Cu interconnects in real time. 1.8μm lines exhibit dislocation nucleation at the grain boundaries, while void nucleation/growth was observed in the 180nm lines. The difference in the stress relax…
The stress and elasticity tensors for interatomic potentials that depend explicitly on bond bending and dihedral angles are derived by taking strain derivatives of the free energy. The resulting expressions can be used in Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations in the canonical and microcanonical ensembles. The…
Dielectric properties of SrTiO3–Pt (platinum) composites prepared using conventional ceramic method were investigated. Dense complex ceramics were obtained without chemical reaction between SrTiO3 and Pt during sintering processes. The relative permittivity (εr) of SrTiO3 was increased by the addition of Pt particles…
IV-VI ferromagnetic semiconductor Ge1−xCrxTe has been grown on BaF2 (111) by molecular beam epitaxy. The ferromagnetism was clearly established by direct magnetization and Hall measurements. The experimental correlation between the anomalous Hall resistivity ρxy and the resistivity ρxx, ρxy∝ρxx1.76, is understood from…
Colossal electroresistance and current induced resistivity switching have been measured in the ferromagnetic insulating (FMI) state of single crystal manganite La0.82Ca0.18MnO3. The sample has a Curie transition temperature TC=165K and the FMI state is realized for temperatures T<100K. The electroresistance (ER…
Three structurally different aniline monomers, which can not be polymerized by chemical methods, have been polymerized with horseradish peroxidase. Enzymatic synthesis of linear polyaniline requires template molecules to minimize branching in the polyaniline backbone. Monomers having methoxy and methyl blocking groups…
Magnetoelectric particulate composites with varying ferrite content (3–20mol%) were synthesized in the system Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT)–Ni0.8Zn0.2Fe2O4 (NZF) and it was found that 0.8PZT-0.2NZF composite material exhibited high response of the order of 450mV∕cmOe at the low frequency of 1kHz with 600Oe dc bias. This is…
In the present work, electroactive grain boundaries of highly dense metal oxide SnO2-based polycrystalline varistors were determined by electrostatic force microscopy (EFM). The EFM technique was applied to identify electroactive grain boundaries and thus estimate the amount of active grain boundary, which, in the met…
Sn O 2 nanocrystals are grown in silica starting from a sol-gel method and using Er doping to passivate the cluster boundaries. As a result, emission at 3.8eV from the decay of SnO2 free excitons is observed in nanostructured SnO2:SiO2, besides the extrinsic 2eV luminescence of defects in SnO2 and ascribable to substo…