Materials Literature
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase from the bioluminescent bacterium, Vibrio harveyi, catalyses the oxidation of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes to acids. The enzyme is unique compared with other forms of aldehyde dehydrogenase in that it exhibits a very high specificity and affinity for the cofactor NADP(+). Structural studies of…
Silicon carbide (SiC) porous substrates are prepared by pressureless sintering of SiC powders under an inert atmosphere of argon. The porous SiC substrates were characterized by measuring their porosity, pore size distribution, surface characteristics, and structure. Their transport characteristics were investigated u…
Crosslinked styrene–acrylate copolymers were synthesized and evaluated by swelling properties for oil-absorbency application. The effect of various polymerization conditions (crosslinking agent concentration, initiator concentration, monomer concentration, and polymerization temperature) were studied through oil-absor…
We here study electronic structure and magnetic properties of bcc Co$_{x}$Fe$_{1-x}$, Cr$_{x}$Fe$_{1-x}$ and Mn$_{x}$Fe$_{1-x}$ in their ferromagnetic phases using Augmented Space Recursion technique coupled with tight-binding linearized muffin tin orbital (TB-LMTO) method. We make a systematic study of magnetic prope…
We have prepared a novel series of banana-shaped molecules with a central bent core based on a 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene group, the side wings containing a Schiff's based moiety, and alkoxy flexible tails with carbon numbers n = 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. Among these, the molecules with n = 8−16 formed a novel smectic p…
Control of nonspecific protein adsorption is very important for the design of biocompatible and biomimetic materials as well as drug carriers. Grafted polymer layers can be used to prevent protein adsorption. We have studied the molecular factors that determine the equilibrium and kinetic control of protein adsorption…
Transparent superhydrophobic thin films with TiO 2 photocatalyst were prepared by utilizing a sublimation material and subsequent coating of a (fluoroalkyl)silane. The transparency of the films decreased with increasing TiO 2 concentration, which was attributed to the size difference of the starting materials. The fil…
Long wavelength longitudinal optical (LO) and transverse optical (TO) phonons of BeSe and ZnxBe1−xSe layers are identified in a wide composition range by using Raman spectroscopy. A two-mode behavior is clearly evidenced. As predicted by the dielectric model of Hon and Faust, the eigenfrequencies of the BeSe- and ZnSe…
The structure of boron nitride bamboo-like tubular whiskers grown from boron nitride powder is investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Despite the relatively small size of the tubes (20-200 nm in diameter), they all exhibit rhombohedral-like ordering in their layer stacking. The tubular sheet…
We have observed a distinct surface phase transition for an important class of giant magnetoresistance materials [La1−xSrxMnO3(x=0.35)]. The surface phase transition occurs at 240 K compared to 370 K for the bulk and is fundamentally different. In the bulk, a ferromagnetic metal to paramagnetic bad-metal transition oc…
The dielectric properties of semicrystalline nylon 11 (mixture of γ and α phase, degree of crystallinity 62%) were investigated in wide ranges of frequency and temperature by broadband dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, thermally stimulated depolarization current techniques and triangular voltage measurements. The ma…
In order to investigate the origin of the often invoked nanoheterogeneities in miscible polymer blends, we have performed quasielastic neutron scattering experiments on the component dynamics within the miscible polymer blend polyisoprene/polyvinyl ether including the pure components as a reference. We find that the a…
We have investigated the optical and structural properties of high-quality ZnO films grown on epitaxial GaN (epi-GaN) by plasma-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy employing low-temperature buffer layers. High-resolution x-ray diffraction for both symmetric and asymmetric reflexes shows that crystalline defects in ZnO fil…
Electroluminescence (EL) studies of AlN:Er alternating-current thin-film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) devices were performed at 300 K. Thin films of Er-doped AlN, ∼200 nm thick, were grown on indium–tin–oxide/aluminum–titanium–oxide/glass substrates using rf magnetron sputtering in a nitrogen atmosphere. The turn-on vo…
A new mechanism for electron emission from planar cathodes is described. The theoretical analysis shows that, with an ultrathin wide band-gap semiconductor layer (UTSC) on a metal, the surface barrier is lowered to approximately 0.1 eV due to the creation of a space charge induced by the electrons injected from the me…
We have investigated the alignment properties of liquid crystals induced by multiple rubbing of the surfaces in different directions. Experiments were carried out using homeotropic and hybrid-aligned samples. It is experimentally found that the alignment of the liquid crystals is along neither of the rubbing direction…
A capacitance-type humidity sensor in which a porous silicon layer is used as a humidity-sensing material was developed. This sensor was fabricated monolithically to be compatible with the typical IC process technology except for the formation of porous silicon layer. As the sensor is made as a mesa structure, the cor…
Frequency upconversion of Er3+ in alkali bismuth gallate glasses have been investigated. The upconversion mechanisms are discussed, and the dominant mechanisms are excited state absorption for the H11/22→I15/24 and S3/24→I15/24 transitions, and energy transfer upconversion for the F9/24→I15/24 transition. Intense gree…
Brittle fracture usually proceeds at crack driving forces which are larger than those needed to create the new fracture surfaces. This surplus can lead to faster crack propagation or to the onset of additional dissipation mechanisms. Dynamic fracture experiments on silicon single crystals reported here show several di…
We investigate the vibration dynamics of ellipsoidal silver nanoparticles, using time-resolved optical pump-probe spectroscopy. When excited with femtosecond laser pulses, the particles execute anisotropic shape oscillations. We show that these vibrations are triggered by the thermal expansion of the optically heated…