Materials Literature
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Surface-initiated polymerization (SIP) from clay nanoparticles was compared between surface-bound mono- and bicationic free radical initiators. Distinct properties in molecular weight (MW), extent of exfoliation, and particle morphology were observed as a consequence of using two different initiator architectures. X-r…
The synthesis and characterization of the novel systems [Zn(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Zn(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)O(42)(H(2)O)].9H(2)O (1), [Cd(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Cd(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)O(42)(Br)].9H(2)O (2), and [Zn(2)(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(5)][(Zn(H(2)N(CH(2))(2)NH(2))(2))(2)V(18)…
Hexagonal CaCO 3 vaterite particles with intracrystalline gelatin were obtained from calcium nitrate and urea in the presence of gelatin. The particles have the crystallographic nature of vaterite (see Figure: an SEM image). Detailed analysis indicates that the crystals grow from vaterite nanocrystals by self‐oriented…
The preparation of CdSe nanocrystal quantum dot (NQD)–titania nanocomposites (see Figure) exhibiting large NQD packing densities and high photoluminescence quantum efficiencies is described. These new materials show both large third‐order nonlinear susceptibilities and optical gain. Furthermore, micro‐ring lasing and…
A new class of alkyl-chain-appended pyrene derivatives 4-14 were synthesized and evaluated for their gelation abilities. Depending on the nature of the linking group, these compounds gelated a number of organic solvents, either in the presence or in the absence of the acceptor molecule 2,4,7-trinitrofluorenone (TNF).…
Low‐density bimodal inorganic oxide monoliths (see Figure) have been prepared via a two‐step procedure using macroporous polystyrene foams and amphiphilic block copolymer structure‐directing agents. The resulting meso/macroporous inorganic framework structures could be obtained with different 3D bulk shapes and for a…
The nucleation pathway for single-wall carbon nanotubes on a metal surface is demonstrated by a series of total energy calculations using density functional theory. Incorporation of pentagons at an early stage of nucleation is energetically favorable as they reduce the number of dangling bonds and facilitate curvature…
The process of miniemulsification allows the generation of small, homogeneous, and stable droplets containing monomer or polymer precursors and magnetite which are then transferred by polymer reactions to the final polymer latexes, keeping their particular identity without serious exchange kinetics involved. It is sho…
Highly efficient and tunable electron acceptors composed of a diverse family of 2,5‐dihydrofuran derivatives have been synthesized using single‐mode focused microwave irradiation. A very large electro‐optic coefficient and long‐term temporal stability (see Figure) have been demonstrated in a host/guest system composed…
Foldable polymers with alternating single-strand deoxyribonucleic acid and planar conjugated organic perylene tetracarboxylic diimide units were found to self-organize into loosely folded nanostructures. Upon heating, the loosely folded structures become more ordered as evidenced by pi-stacking in the perylene segment…
A comprehensive transport study, as a function of both temperature and magnetic field in continuous magnetic fields up to 45 T reveals that URu2Si2 possesses all the essential hallmarks of quantum criticality at temperatures above 5.5 K and fields around 38 T, but then collapses into multiple low temperature phases in…
Magnetic anisotropy has been measured for the ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 perovskite from an analysis of the high-field part of the magnetization vs. field curves, i.e., the magnetic saturation regime. These measurements give a magnetic anistropy one order of magnitude higher than that of reference manganites. Surpri…
The rapidly developing field of ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors, where a semiconductor host is magnetically doped by transition metal impurities to produce a ferromagnetic semiconductor (e.g. Ga_{1-x}Mn_xAs with x ~ 1-10 %), is discussed with the emphasis on elucidating the physical mechanisms underl…
We present molecular dynamics simulations of the homogeneous (mechanical) melting transition of a bcc metal, vanadium. We study both the nominally perfect crystal as well as one that includes point defects. According to the Born criterion, a solid cannot be expanded above a critical volume, at which a 'rigidity catast…
We used the exact eigenvectors of the generalized Hubbard Hamiltonian solution to predict the transition intensities of the well known $GR1$ and $ND1$ transitions at the neutral and charged vacancies in diamond. In addition to using exact eigenvectors, the method of the calculation is more precise than already reporte…
Whereas the chemistry of fullerenes is well-established, the chemistry of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is a relatively unexplored field of research. Investigations into the bonding of moieties onto SWNTs are important because they provide fundamental structural insight into how nanoscale interactions occur.…
Defective multiwalled carbon nanotubes display higher real permittivity than graphitic carbon nanotubes (CNTs). That is the conclusion of the study presented here in which the permittivity of Fe‐filled and boron‐doped CNTs in the X‐band is compared with that of graphitic CNTs made by arc discharge. However, the imagin…
The adsorptive potential of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) for solid-phase extraction of bisphenol A, 4-n-nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol was investigated for the first time. The three analytes are quantitatively adsorbed on a MWNTs-packed cartridge, then the analytes retained on the cartridge are quantitati…
A rapid immunoassay capable of detecting analyte within complex biological media without any sample preparation is described. This was accomplished using gold nanoshells, layered dielectric-metal nanoparticles whose optical resonance is a function of the relative size of its constituent layers. Aggregation of antibody…
A general framework for the interpretation of infrared and Raman spectra of amorphous carbon nitrides is presented. In the first part of this paper we examine the infrared spectra. The peaks around 1350 and 1550 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ found in the infrared spectrum of amorphous carbon nitride or hy…