Materials Literature
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Abstract Polymer blends are defined as mixtures of at least two polymeric species. Thus, the first patent polymer blend was a mixture of natural rubber, NR, with gutta percha patented by Alexander Parkes, an artist of Birmingham, in 1846. The first man‐made polymer, nitrocellulose, NC was prepared by Braconnot in 1833…
TiNi shape memory alloy in thin film form is an excellent candidate for MEMS microactuation. Using RF sputter deposition, thin films of TiNi (51.7 at% Ti-48.3 at% Ni) have been formed on silicon substrates and produced shape memory behavior at approximately 60/spl deg/C. Films were amorphous when deposited and were su…
Sodium and caesium cation-exchanged mesoporous MCM-41 are shown to be mild, selective, water-stable and recyclable catalysts for the base-catalysed Knoevenagel condensation and acid-catalysed acetalization and aldol condensation, whereas caesium acetate-impregnated MCM-41 shows strong base activity in the Michael addi…
Abstract The relationship between the supersaturation at the point of crystallization and the rate at which supersaturation increases has been studied from nucleation experiments on barite BaSO 4 , strontianite SrCO 3 , witherite BaCO 3 and gypsum CaSO 4 .2H 2 O. The crystallization experiments have been carried out b…
Extensive screening for cellulose-producing Acetobacter strains suitable for agitated culture was done by developing the screening conditions. A total of 2096 strains were isolated; isolation from fruits was particularly efficient. The cellulose productivities of 412 isolates were estimated by culturing in two differe…
Silicon carbide ceramics which 5 mass% Al2O3 and 2 mass% Y2O3 were added to were prepared by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method under the conditions of 30 MPa and 5 min. Mechanical properties at room temperature were eximined. The SPS brought dense silicon carbide ceramics at a sintering temperature of 1800°C, wh…
An overview is given of the crystallography of aperiodic crystals, in particular of incommensurately modulated structures and incommensurate intergrowth compounds. The symmetry, the description of the structure and diffraction are described. An extensive discussion is given of crystallographic methods for determinatio…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEnzyme-Catalyzed .epsilon.-Caprolactone Ring-Opening PolymerizationRenee T. MacDonald, Satish K. Pulapura, Yuri Y. Svirkin, Richard A. Gross, David L. Kaplan, Joseph Akkara, Graham Swift, and Steven WolkCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1, 73–78Publication Date (Print):Jan…
An overview of automated recognition of partial discharges (PD) is given. The selection of PD patterns, extraction of relevant information for PD recognition and the structure of a data base for PD recognition are discussed. Mathematical methods useful for the design of the data base are examined. Classification metho…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTTwo-Stage Kinetics of Single-Chain Collapse. Polystyrene in CyclohexaneBenjamin Chu, Qicong Ying, and Alexander Yu. GrosbergCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 1, 180–189Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTCopolymerization and Degradation of Poly(lactic acid-co-lysine)Denise A. Barrera, Eric Zylstra, Peter T. Lansbury, and Robert LangerCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 2, 425–432Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1995Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published i…
Ever since the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in layered copper oxides, interest in materials exhibiting two-dimensional crystal structures related to perovskites (AMX3) has greatly increased. This review deals with crystal structures of various phases derived from perovskite with mixed stacking of [A…
The behavior of solids can be represented by a variety of continuum theories. For example, Cosserat elasticity allows the points in the continuum to rotate as well as translate, and the continuum supports couple per unit area as well as force per unit area. We examine experimental methods for determining the six Cosse…
Powder X-ray diffraction, 29Si and 129Xe NMR spectroscopy of MCM-41 show that the long-range structural order and textural uniformity of the mesoporous molecular sieve are markedly improved due to a shift in the reaction equilibrium when acetic acid is repeatedly added during the conversion of sodium silicate and NMe3…
The systematic fabrication of organized materials will require the ‘synthesis-with-construction’ of architectures over scales ranging from the molecular to the macroscopic. This article describes four key constructional processes of biomineralization (supramolecular preorganization, interfacial molecular recognition,…
Some of the current directions in research on conducting and superconducting charge-transfer salts based upon tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)π-electron donor molecules are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed upon new donor molecules, which have been studied with the aim of increasing the dimensionality in the solid state…
The investigation of copper for use as an interconnection metal in the ultra large-scale integration (ULSI) era of silicon integrated circuits has accelerated in the past several years. The obvious advantages for using copper to replace currently used Al are related to its lower resistivity (1.7 μΩ-cm vs. 2.7 μω-cm fo…