Materials Literature
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Portnoi and Galbraith recently proposed a beautiful and intriguing relationship defining the critical screening lengths associated with the apparition of new bound states for the two-dimensional statically screened Coulomb potential. Not only does semiclassical quantum theory show that this relationship is unfortunate…
The origin of ferromagnetism in semimagnetic III-V materials is discussed. The indirect exchange interaction caused by virtual electron excitations from magnetic impurity acceptor levels to the valence band can explain ferromagnetism in GaAs(Mn) in both degenerate and nondegenerate samples. Formation of ferromagnetic…
Recent experiments show that supercooled liquids around the glass transition temperature are ``dynamically heterogeneous'' [H. Sillescu, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 243, 81 (1999)]. Such heterogeneity is expected from the random first order transition theory of the glass transition. Using a microscopic approach based on this…
A phase-field model for predicting the coherent microstructure evolution in constrained thin films is developed. It employs an analytical elastic solution derived for a constrained film with arbitrary eigenstrain distributions. The domain structure evolution during a cubic→tetragonal proper ferroelectric phase transit…
Andreev reflection at a $\mathrm{Pb}/{\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}$ point contact has been used to determine the spin polarization of single-crystal ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}$ films made by chemical vapor deposition. The spin polarization is found to be $0.96\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$, which confirms that ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}$ i…
Interaction of TM-polarized waves with a subwavelength thick metallic slit has been analyzed. A Fabry-Pérot-like behavior is reported. The resonance peaks, however, have very low magnitude and a systematic shift towards longer wavelengths is observed. The slit being narrow, this shift can be interpreted as the result…
Combinatorial laser molecular-beam epitaxy method was employed to fabricate epitaxial ZnO thin films doped with all the 3d transition metal (TM) ions in a high throughput fashion. The solubility behavior of TM ions was discussed from the viewpoints of the ionic radius and valence state. The magneto-optical responses c…
The effect of an imposed shear flow on the stability of directionally solidifying binary alloys is investigated. It is shown that without the imposed shear flow the system is dominated by stationary boundary-layer-mode convection, a convection of salt-finger type confined to the solute boundary layer above the melt/mu…
Convective flow of molten gallium is studied in a small-aspect-ratio rectangular, differentially heated enclosure. The three-dimensional nature of the steady flow is clearly demonstrated by quantitative comparison between experimental temperature measurements, which give an indication of the strength of the convective…
We have carried out a detailed study of the chemical bonding for two room-temperature stable platinum silicide phases, tetragonal alpha-Pt_2Si and orthorhombic PtSi. An analysis of the valence electronic charge density reveals surprising evidence of covalent three-center bonds in both silicide phases, as well as two-d…
We have carried out a first principles study of the elastic properties and electronic structure for two room-temperature stable Pt silicide phases, tetragonal alpha-Pt_2Si and orthorhombic PtSi. We have calculated all of the equilibrium structural parameters for both phases: the a and c lattice constants for alpha-Pt_…
We have studied the ground-state properties of phosphorus-related dia- and paramagnetic point defects in P-doped silica and α-quartz. Density functional theory calculations have been performed to determine the structure, charge and spin distribution of the P1, P2, and P4 centers. P1 consists of a three-coordinated P a…
Yellow layered VOPO 4 ·2H 2 O was found to spontaneously, but slowly, convert to a green phase [H 0.6 (VO) 3 (PO 4 ) 3 (H 2 O) 3 ]·4H 2 O upon standing in air. This phase could be prepared hydrothermally from V 2 O 5 + H 3 PO 4 with a small amount of reducing agent added. Single-crystal X-ray analysis gave a = 7.371(3…
Blends of poly(styrene)- b -poly(isoprene) (PS−PI) and poly(isoprene)- b -poly(ethylene oxide) (PI−PEO) were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering, photon correlation spectroscopy, light microscopy, and rheology. Blends were prepared in which both diblocks had the same PI composition, f, and were investigated a…
Well-ordered two-dimensional hexagonal arrays of micrometer-sized nematic liquid-crystal droplets are prepared in polymer films. Droplets of uniform sizes and shapes are formed by “prefabricating” the voids in which the liquid crystal is to be entrapped. Void preparation involves deposition of polystyrene microspheres…
Amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H) films in the thickness range 1−20 nm were deposited at 300 K on a Pt(111) single crystal by means of the ion-beam deposition (IBD) method. The product distribution as well as the temperature and thickness dependence of the hydrogen-atom-induced chemical erosion was investigated by…
Surfactant-enhanced pump-and-treat technologies increase the efficiency of nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) removal from soils. However, high concentrations of surfactants in groundwater impose severe limitations to water treatment. In this paper, we explore the applicability of ultrasonic irradiation as an alternativ…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunicationNEXT1,3,5-Tricyano-2,4,6-tris(vinyl)benzene Derivatives with Large Second-Order Nonlinear Optical PropertiesBong Rae Cho, Soon Bong Park, Seung Jae Lee, Kyung Hwa Son, Sang Hae Lee, Myung-Ja Lee, Jun Yoo, Yun Kyong Lee, Geon Joon Lee, Tae Im Kang, Minhaeng Cho, and Seung-J…
Nanoporous metal oxides (TiO 2, Al 2 O 3 ) have been synthesized using activated carbon templates with supercritical fluid solvents by using the nanoscale casting (NC) process. The precursors were dissolved in supercritical CO 2 and attached to activated carbon fibers or powders as templates. After removal of the acti…
The model compound, N -phenyl-4-(9-anthracenylethynyl)phthalimide ( 3 ), was synthesized and the thermal curing behavior analyzed. These results were compared to the curing kinetics of similar model compounds N -phenyl-4-(1-naphthylethynyl)phthalimide ( 1 ) and N -phenyl-4-phenylethynylphthalimide ( 2 ). The cure rate…