Materials Literature
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The adsorption of model proteins onto brush-coated surfaces can occur via two modes. Primary adsorption at the surface, where short range attraction is dominant, is important for small proteins and may be repressed by increasing the grafting density. Secondary adsorption, due to van der Waals attraction, occurs at the…
Full-matrix least squares is taken as the basis for an examination of protein structure precision. A two-atom protein model is used to compare the precisions of unrestrained and restrained refinements. In this model, restrained refinement determines a bond length which is the weighted mean of the unrestrained diffract…
Abstract The origin and formation of soil clay minerals, namely micas, vermiculites, smectites, chlorites and interlayered minerals, interstratified minerals and kaolin minerals, are broadly reviewed in the context of research over the past half century. In particular, the pioneer overviews of Millot, Pedro and Duchau…
Saturation effects are determined in x-ray magnetic circular dichroism spectra, acquired by electron yield techniques. It is shown that sum-rule extraction of the number of d holes, orbital moment, and spin moment are affected for Fe, Co, and Ni. In particular, errors in the extracted orbital moment values due to satu…
We studied the shape transformation (by use of TEM and optical absorption spectroscopy) of gold nanorods in micellar solution by exposure to laser pulses of different pulse width (100 fs and 7 ns) and different energies (μJ to mJ) at 800 nm, where the longitudinal surface plasmon oscillation of the nanorods absorb. At…
We present a method for atomic-scale modeling of the magnetic behavior of ionic magnetic solids. Spin distributions and net magnetic moments are calculated for nanoparticles of ferrimagnetic ${\mathrm{NiFe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}\ensuremath{-}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{3},$ and antiferromag…
High-quality ZnO films are receiving increased interest for use in low-loss high-frequency surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, acousto-optic and optical modulators, as buffer layers for III-nitride growth, and as the active material in ultraviolet solid state lasers. In this work, high quality epitaxial ZnO films wer…
The origin and dispersion of the anomalous disorder-induced Raman band $(D$ band) observed in all ${\mathrm{sp}}^{2}$ hybridized disordered carbon materials near 1350 ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ is investigated as a function of incident laser energy. This effect is explained in terms of the coupling between elec…
The development of varistor ceramics is reviewed with an emphasis on ZnO‐based varistors formed by liquid‐phase sintering. Particular attention is given to the effects of microstructural disorder on the properties of varistors and to the different modes of failure that can occur.
Poly(3-hydroxyalkanoates) (PHAs) are a class of microbially produced polyesters that have potential applications as conventional plastics, specifically thermoplastic elastomers. A wealth of biological diversity in PHA formation exists, with at least 100 different PHA constituents and at least five different dedicated…
Mixed-valence manganese oxides (R1-χAχ)MnO3 (R=rare-earth cation, A=alkali or alkaline earth cation), with a structure similar to that of perovskite CaTiO3, exhibit a rich variety of crystallographic, electronic and magnetic phases. Historically they led to the formulation of new physical concepts such as double excha…
Nanophase TiO 2 was prepared by a stearic acid sol–gel technique. X-ray measurements showed that the as-prepared sample is anatase TiO 2 phase with an average grain size of 10.4 nm. Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the structural transformation from anatase-to-rutile in the nanophase TiO 2 annealed at a seri…
The review surveys data on over 200 crystal and molecular structures of metal halide complexes with oxygen-containing crown ethers. The major types of the complexes are distinguished. The characteristic features of formation of these complexes and their coordination fragments are discussed. The bibliography includes 1…
The effect of a thin tie layer on the adhesion of polypropylene (PP) and polyamide-66 (PA) was studied by delamination of microlayers. The microlayers consisted of many alternating layers of PP and PA separated by a thin layer of a maleated PP. The peel toughness and delamination failure mode were determined using the…
Data on the electronic and chemical structure of a new quasi-one-dimensional form of matter, viz., nanotubulenes, are generalised and systematised. Methods and approaches used in modern quantum chemistry for the simulation of the composition, structure, and properties of isolated tubulenes based on layered phases (gra…
The introduction of peroxycarbonate groups onto a silica surface and the graft polymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by peroxycarbonate groups introduced onto a silica surface were investigated. The introduction of peroxycarbonate groups onto a silica surface was achieved by Michael addition of amino groups intro…
The solution of the problem of diffraction of an acoustic plane wave by a periodic boundary for frequencies close to threshold values is studied. It is shown that if the periodic structure has some special geometry, then the transformations of the diffraction pattern (Wood's anomalies) are accompanied by the occurrenc…
The morphology of immiscible blends of nylon 6 and ethylene propylene rubber blends (EPM) was studied. The blends were prepared by melt blending in a twin-screw miniextruder and a Haake Rheocord mixer. The influence of the blend ratio, time of mixing, rotation speed of the rotors, mixing temperature, and quenching of…
The spectral characteristics of aqueous zinc chloride solutions (67% w/w) containing cellulose, cellobiose, maltose, β-methyl glucoside, and glucose were compared. The results suggest that zinc ion forms loose complexes with the C2 or C3 hydroxyl groups of glucose or methyl glucopyranoside. The absorption of light in…
We briefly review the standard methods used to construct quasiperiodic tilings, such as the projection, the inflation, and the grid method. A number of sample Mathematica programs, implementing the different approaches for one- and two-dimensional examples, are discussed. Apart from small examples, the corresponding p…