Materials Literature
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A proton-conductive electrolyte based on a CsH 2 PO 4 ∕ SiP 2 O 7 composite was synthesized, and its electrochemical properties were investigated in the temperature range of 110-287°C. Addition of SiP 2 O 7 as supporting matrix brought about the structural change of conduction phase, CsH 2 PO 4 , into CsH 5 ( PO 4 ) 2…
The reversible modulation of the emission of CdSe/ZnS semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) was achieved by binding photochromic diheteroarylethenes and switchable acceptors for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. A biotinylated diheteroarylethene derivative was bound to quantum dots bearing conjugated strepta…
Cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) are one dimensional photonic band-gap materials. Due to distributed feedback, low threshold mirrorless lasing can occur in dye-doped and pure CLCs. In order to optimize the lasing conditions, we have studied the dependence of the lasing threshold on dye concentration and sample thick…
Intense plastic deformation during equal–channel angular extrusion (ECAE) can occur in a broad region at the channel die intersection called the plastic deformation zone (PDZ). When the outer corner of the ECAE die is rounded, PDZs deviate from the model of single–plane simple shear, causing flow to be inhomogeneous.…
The technologically important S-phase precipitate MgCuAl 2 has been synthesized from the elements in a sealed tantalum tube in an induction furnace. The aluminide was investigated by powder and single crystal X-ray diffraction methods: Cmcm, a = 401.19(9), b = 926.5(2), c = 712.4(1) pm, wR2 = 0.0425, 234 F 2 values, a…
The kinetic theory of strength formulated by Zhurkov is expanded to include an energy consumption analysis of the processes of deformation and fracture of solids and their compounds. The dependence of the kinetics of the structure defect formation and of chemical reactions in the processes of deformation and fracture…
The repair and regeneration of damaged or resected bone are problematic. Bone autografts show optimal skeletal incorporation, but often bring about complications. Hence, there is increasing interest in designing new biomaterials that could potentially be used in the form of scaffolds as bone substitutes. In this study…
Tritium permeation can be significantly reduced by a suitable barrier on the structural materials of a future fusion power plant. Since alumina has the capability of tritium permeation reduction, the development of such coatings on ferritic martensitic steels by different techniques like hot-dip aluminizing (HDA) by F…
Abstract The spatial evolution of compositions and sub‐structures inside focused‐electron‐beam‐deposited tips from dicobalt‐octacarbonyl Co 2 (CO) 8 precursor at 25 keV and varying beam current (20 pA – 3 μA) is extensively studied for the first time by means of energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission elect…
Molecular segregation in methanol-water mixtures is studied across a wide concentration range as a function of temperature and pressure. Cluster distributions obtained from both neutron diffraction and molecular dynamics simulations point to significantly enhanced segregation as the mixtures are cooled or compressed.…
The 2 x 2 matrix methods are extended to calculate the optical behaviors of reflective liquid-crystal displays with asymmetric incident and exit angles. Both the unfolding method and the backward-eigenwave method are employed to derive the 2 x 2 matrix representations. The simulation results for symmetric incident and…
Oxidative cleavage of poly(cis-1,4-isoprene) by rubber oxygenase RoxA purified from Xanthomonas sp. was investigated in the presence of different combinations of (16)O(2), (18)O(2), H(2)(16)O, and H(2)(18)O. 12-oxo-4,8-dimethyl-trideca-4,8-diene-1-al (ODTD; m/z 236) was the main cleavage product in the absence of (18)…
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a class of polyesters produced as reserve materials by many archae and eubacteria (gram – and gram + ) in aerobic and anaerobic habitats. Special growth conditions in bioreactors allow the tailored biosynthesis of PHA. It was found that olefinic monomers could be integrated in such PHA…
We have investigated inorganic cluster−surfactant materials to better understand the structural evolution of these phases as the surfactant:cluster ratio increases above 4:1 and the cluster charge increases beyond −4. Our studies suggest that both ordering of the surfactant molecules into bilayers as well as the clust…
A new procedure has been developed for fast preparation of saponite clays under non-hydrothermal synthesis conditions of 90 °C and 1 atmosphere. Saponites were synthesized from a stoichiometric mixture containing Si/Al 3+ gel, M 2+ -nitrate (M 2+ = Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, or Cu), urea, and water within a few hours. The synthe…
In this experiment students prepare nickel nanowires using a template synthesis technique and characterize their properties. Electrodeposition of nickel to fill the 200-nm diameter pores of a commercially-available alumina filtration membrane is accomplished using a nickel salt solution and a AA battery. The nanowires…
Abstract A suite of Vertisols (clay-rich soils with high shrink-swell potential) were examined across a climosequence (climatic transect) in twelve soil pits from the Coast Prairie of Texas in order to determine if mean annual precipitation (MAP) exerts a control on the chemistry of these soils, and if the observed ch…
Clinical in vitro endothelialization has been shown to increase the patency of synthetic vascular grafts. The shear stress resistance of the cultured autologous endothelium represents a crucial cornerstone of the concept. We investigated whether an enrichment of the precoating matrix with adhesion sites can augment en…
We report on the applicability of combining surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering for high-sensitivity detection of biological molecules. We found that this combination of techniques provides more than 3 orders of signal enhancement compared with SERS and permits monitorin…
Abstract Because of environmental concerns, the zinc content in rubber compounds has come under scrutiny; therefore it is necessary to explore possibilities to reduce this zinc content. In this article the application of several zinc complexes as activator for sulfur vulcanization are discussed, in order to find alter…