Materials Literature
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An improved computational constitutive model for brittle materials is presented. It is applicable for brittle materials subjected to large strains, high strain rates and high pressures, and is well‐suited for computations in both Lagrangian and Eulerian codes. The equivalent strength is dependent on the intact strengt…
The eukaryotic fatty acid desaturases are iron-containing enzymes that catalyze the NAD-(P)H- and O2-dependent introduction of double bonds into methylene-interrupted fatty acyl chains. Examination of deduced amino acid sequences for the membrane desaturases from mammals, fungi, insects, higher plants, and cyanobacter…
The methods for producing magnesium are briefly described and its alloying behaviour is discussed with particular reference to the roles of individual alloying elements. Cast and wrought alloys are considered separately and particular attention is paid to microstructure–property relationships and corrosion behaviour.…
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We have measured the thickness dependence of the glass-transition temperature (Tg) of thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) by using spectroscopic ellipsometry to detect the discontinuity in thermal expansivity occurring at Tg. We studied films on two surfaces: the native oxide of silicon, and evaporated gold.…
The paper will trace the evolution of understanding related to the modification of sharp ferroelectric phase transition behavior that occurs in composition systems which exhibit diffuse and relaxor ferroelectric properties. The focus will be primarily upon the perovskite structure families where cations of different v…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleThird-Order Nonlinear Optical Response in Organic Materials: Theoretical and Experimental AspectsJ. L. Bredas, C. Adant, P. Tackx, A. Persoons, and B. M. PierceCite this: Chem. Rev. 1994, 94, 1, 243–278Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1994Publication History Published online1…
Domain aspects of multi-ferroics are reviewed, i.e. of materials, in which two or all three of the properties ‘ferroelectricity.’ ‘ferromagnetism’ and ‘ferroelasticity’ occur simultaneously in the same phase, and in which the magnetic point group has been reliably established by magnetoelectric, optical, dielectric, m…
During the last three years the authors have developed a new technique which allows to construct ultrathin multilayer assemblies by consecutive adsorption of anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes out of aqueous solution. The technique allows the easy construction of functional multicomponent films that can be deposite…
Greek.- Numeric.- Tables.- 1a. Standard (based on ISO and ASTM) abbreviations of plastics.- 1b. Standard (based on ISO and ASTM) abbreviations of rubbers.- 2a. Letters used to modify abbreviations for plastics (ISO and ASTM).- 2b. Commonly-used letters used to modify abbreviations for plastics (i.e. in addition to Tab…
Abstract During our years in high school, we have all been taught that matter only exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. However, this is not quite correct. In particular, certain organic materials do not show a single transition from solid to liquid, but rather a cascade of transitions involving new phases.…
Se describe una comunidad de algas fotófilas mediterráneas de modo calmado dominada por Hatopteris scoparia y otros feófitos de porte mediano, la cual se adscribe a la asociación Padino-Clodostephetum hirsutae J. Feldmann 1937. Dicha asociación se caracteriza por la ausencia de un estrato elevado de Fucales y el escas…
Abstract The helical arrangement characteristic of the cholesteric phase has been presented in Chapter 1. In this ideal state the director n(r) varies in space according to the law where we have taken the helical axis along z. A cholesteric single crystal, described by eqns (6.1) and (6.2), can often be obtained in th…
Abstract This new edition of this classic text on condensed matter physics includes the great advances that have taken place since its first publication in 1974. New chapters describe the main types and properties of liquid crystals in terms of the new phases discovered since the middle of the 1970's, and advances in…
Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” opt…
A review of the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) as applied to the diffraction of electromagnetic waves by gratings is presented. The analysis is valid for any polarization, angle of incidence, and for conical diffraction. Cascaded and/or multiplexed gratings as well as material anisotropy and loss can be incorpo…
The influence of hardness and topology of substrate surface on the pretilt angle were investigated for a slightly tilted homeotropic alignment achieved by the rubbing technique. On a soft surface, the grooves are produced which align in the same direction as the rubbing direction while the liquid crystal molecules til…
This letter reports the lowest coefficient of friction measured for diamond sliding on diamond. When a natural diamond stylus with a spherical tip about 50 μm in diameter slides on a polished polycrystalline chemically vapor deposited diamond film in water at a speed of 0.05 mm/s under a load of 50 g, the coefficient…
Individual two-state and multistate fluctuators were found in the broadband noise in the sliding charge-density--wave (CDW) state of small samples of ${\mathrm{NbSe}}_{3}$. In the presence of dc currents, some multistate fluctuators violate detailed balance. Fluctuator properties show strong dependences on bias. As th…
Through measurements of the near-edge Ce L3 x-ray absorption structure we have investigated the influence of site volume on the cerium valence in Ce2Fe14B, Ce2Fe14BHx, and Ce2Fe17. The crystal structures of these compounds are isomorphic with those of technologically important permanent magnet materials. Confirming ot…