Materials Literature
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Both theoretical and experimental results for the dynamics of photoexcited electrons at surfaces of Cu and the ferromagnetic transition metals Fe, Co, and Ni are presented. A model for the dynamics of excited electrons is developed, which is based on the Boltzmann equation and includes effects of photoexcitation, elec…
We present a study of the effect of biaxial strain on the electrical and magnetic properties of thin films of manganites. We observe that manganite films grown under biaxial compressive strain exhibit island growth morphology which leads to a nonuniform distribution of the strain. Transport and magnetic properties of…
Ultrafast laser experiments were used to study electron-phonon coupling in Au nanoparticles in the 2.5 to 8 nm size range in aqueous solution. The electron-phonon coupling constants for these samples were found to be independent of the particle size. This is attributed to a weak interaction between the electron gas an…
Magnetotransport measurements were made on patterned, (110) oriented ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{2}$ thin films grown by the high-pressure, thermal decomposition of ${\mathrm{CrO}}_{3}$ onto rutile substrates. The low-temperature Hall effect exhibits a sign reversal from positive to negative as the magnetic field is increased ab…
Carbon materials processing is an advanced technology due to its aerospace and medical applications. In the aerospace area one can mention the carbon/carbon composites used in rockets and aeronautical brakes; in the medical area one can mention the intrabody implant tools such as heart and hydrocephalic valves and pac…
Impregnation and infiltration of fibrous materials by LC copolyester melts and the blends with viscous thermo-plastic polysulphone were quantitatively described as unsteady and steady stages in terms of rheological characteristics of the melts using an equivalent capillary model. Addition of LC polyester to viscous th…
A mixer viscometry procedure, coined the Matching Stress Method, was developed to use four-bladed vanes devices in applications requiring steady shear measurements. Based on the concept that vane tools shear fluids in a cylindrical pattern defined by their geometry, this technique determined a mixer viscometry constan…
The effect of incorporating (C2-C8) ethylene-octene elastomer on the mechanical properties and morphology of polypropylene copolymers has been investigated employing two types of PP copolymer, with and without nucleating agent. The results were compared to the ones presented by a commercial PP heterophase (reactor imp…
The present work was undertaken in order to evaluate the rheological changes of set-style yoghurt at different incubation times, during production. The study of rheological changes of milk destined to set-style yoghurt production, in different processing stages prior to fermentation was accomplished using steady and o…
The technical activity known as Materials Selection is reviewed in its concepts and methodologies. Objectives and strategies are briefly presented and two important features are introduced and discussed; (i) Merit Indices: a combination of materials properties, which maximises the objectives chosen by the designer and…
We describe a modified version of a magneto-optical Kerr magnetometer which allows measuring the hysteresis loop of a specific portion of the sample surface. The diameter of the sampled area can be optically tuned from several mm down to 15 μm. High quality hysteresis loops can be measured in a few seconds. Strong flu…
Solid-solid thermal-boundary resistance plays an important role in determining heat flow, in both cryogenic and room-temperature applications. The acoustic mismatch model (AMM) and the diffuse mismatch model (DMM) have traditionally been used to predict the thermal boundary resistance R b across the interface of two a…
Dissolution of commercial white fused and tabular Al 2 O 3 grains into a model silicate slag was investigated after 1 h at 1450° and 1600°C. Formation of CA 6 and hercynitic spinel layers was observed at all Al 2 O 3 /slag interfaces. The spinel layer was not always continuous, and so, compared with the CA 6 layer, it…
Localized corrosion resistance (pitting and crevice corrosion) of two high-alloy stainless steels (superduplex and superaustenitic) was studied in solutions with chloride concentrations of 200, 400, 600, and 6,000 ppm at pH values ranging from 2 to 6.5. Critical temperatures for pitting and crevice corrosion were calc…
Capillary flow is studied in polyester and polyamide yams and glass fibers using a technique based on the analysis of CCD images taken during the capillary rise of colored liquid in yams. The transition from dry yam to wet yam is not abrupt. Experiments analyze the causes of this gradually rising liquid front and the…
An overview of one of the most successful conducting polymers, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT) and its derivatives, is presented, detailing its early development, the synthesis of numerous hybrid and derivative materials, along with a description of the broad array of properties accessible and a description of…
A simulation of different electrical discharges under SF/sub 6/ atmosphere with subsequent surface and depth profile analysis is employed to investigate the effects that the formed corrosive byproducts have on gas-insulated system (GIS) electrodes. Cu, Al and Ag electrodes were treated with sparks (in the range of 0.1…
A revision is presented of the original description by Warren [ X-ray Diffraction , (1969), pp. 275–298. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley] of the intensity distribution of powder-pattern reflections from f.c.c. metal samples containing stacking and twin faults. The assumptions (in many cases unrealistic) that fault proba…