A reinvestigation of the structure of Na4P2O7
New data have been used in a refinement which leads to molecular dimensions P-O (bridge) 1.612+ 0.005 A, P-O (outer) 1.
Materials Literature
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Secondary (β) Relaxation Process of Alkaline Polycaprolactam Swollen by Low Molecular Weight Substances
Abstract By using the method of free torsion vibrations, a detailed dependence was determined of the temperature position and the height of the secondary (β) loss maximum of alkali‐polymerized polycaprolactam upon the concentration of water in the range of 0 < P A < 1.3, where P A is the number of moles of water…
Manganese-Activated Luminescence in the MgO-Al[sub 2]O[sub 3]-Ga[sub 2]O[sub 3] System
Manganese‐activated phosphors were prepared by solid state reactions throughout the spinel crystalline solution region in the system. The best ultraviolet‐excited phosphor examined, , is characterized by a peak emission wavelength at 512 ran, a 50% peak intensity band width of 36 nm, and a quantum efficiency equivalen…
Potential of Aluminum in Aqueous Chloride Solutions
By using a high‐speed technique described in ref. (1), anodic (aluminum dissolution) polarization data have been obtained for aluminum surfaces free from oxide films and from the normal concurrent hydrogen evolution. Similarly cathodic (hydrogen evolution) polarization data have been produced for oxide‐free aluminum s…
The vibrational spectra of some chloro-anions
Vibrational spectra of the following ions are reported: InCl63–, TlCl63–, PbCl64–, SbCl63–, BiCl63–, SeCl62–, TeCl62–, SbCl52–. It is suggested that ν3 for the octahedral “inert pair ions” may be anomalously broad. In species such as Cs2SbCl6 the presence of SbIII and SbV is observed and the relative intensities of th…
Elastic behavior, birefringence, and swelling of amorphous polyethylene networks
Abstract Polyethylene networks were prepared by γ‐irradiation of linear polyethylene, both molten and crystalline. The elastic and photoelastic properties of the networks were studied at high temperatures, i.e., in the molten state. The equilibrium swelling was also measured in several solvents. Values of the crosslin…
Rare Earth Cathodoluminescence in InBO[sub 3] and Related Orthoborates
The cathodoluminescence from Eu 3+ and Tb 3+ in the orthoborates of In, Sc, Y, La, Gd, and Lu is examined. The host is shown to be particularly effective for both activators. Observed spectral details of the luminescence are related to effects of crystal symmetry on electronic transitions.
The Free Energy of Formation of Palladium Oxide
The equilibrium oxygen pressure for the reaction was accurately measured over the temperature range 910°–1145°K. The following working equation for the oxygen pressure is valid over the experimental range. The following expressions, valid from 298°–1200°K, apply to the formation of one mole of The heat of formation an…
Infrared and Raman spectra of compounds containing bidentate nitrato-groups
Infrared and Raman spectra are reported for tin(IV) nitrate, titanium(IV) nitrate, and vanadium(V) oxide trinitrate. The spectra are consistent with bidentate co-ordination of all nitrato-groups in each case and assignments are suggested for the bands on this basis. Coupling of the vibrations of individual nitrato-gro…
Diffraction of a plane longitudinal wave by a penny-shaped crack
Introduction. The distribution of stress produced in the interior of an infinite elastic solid when a constant pressure is applied over the entire surface of a penny-shaped crack has been solved by Sneddon(6), (7). The problem considered here is the closely allied one of a plane longitudinal wave, harmonic in time, mo…
Energy gap and pre‐exponential factor in dark conduction by organic semiconductors
Abstract The values of Δε and σ 0 in the expression σ = σ 0 exp {−Δε/ 2kT } for the dark conductivity σ, tend to increase together over the whole range of organic semiconductors. They fall into a broad band of values confined roughly between two lines given by log σ 0 = αΔε + β, the compensation rule, with log σ 0 var…
Plastic deformation of polyethylene. Mechanism and properties
Abstract Studies of single‐crystal deformation explain the small‐ and wide‐angle x‐ray observations of the cold drawing of PE, particularly the effects in the necking zone where the original spherulitic structure is transformed into a highly aligned fiber structure. Whole blocks of folded chains are broken out of the…
Crystallization of poly(tetramethyl‐p‐silphenylene)‐siloxane (TMPS) polymers. Part II
Abstract The crystallization kinetics and morphology of poly(tetramethyl‐ p ‐silphenylene)siloxane spherulites have been investigated over a temperature range of 25–130°C. The effect of molecular weight on the spherulitic growth rates, ranging from the monomer to molecular weights about 10 6 , is discussed in terms of…
Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Stoichiometric and Nonstoichiometric Nickel Oxide
Electrical conductivity and emf measurements on polycrystalline , as functions of the partial pressure of oxygen, at temperatures ranging between 800° and 1100°C, are used to study some transport and thermodynamic properties of nearly stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric . Due to the localized character of electrons i…
The Structure of Silicon Oxide Films
Abstract The scattering of electron waves by an amorphous material is partly dependent on its structure. The variation of this scattered intensity with angle may be mathematically transformed to give a radial distribution function (r.d.f.) which describes both the position and co‐ordination of sets of atoms. The metho…
Mechanism of formic acid decomposition over dehydrogenation catalysts
The mechanism of dehydrogenation of formic acid over zinc oxide and magesium oxide was studied by adsorption measurements and the infra-red technique during the course of the decomposition. The acid was absorbed into the bulk of the oxides to form metal formate and water, and the subsequent decomposition proceeds over…
Lattice imperfections in organic solids. Part 1.—Anthracene
Dislocations in single crystals of melt-grown, solution-grown and vapour-grown anthracene have been characterized using the etch-pit technique and from an analysis of cleavage patterns. From the observed alignments of emergent dislocations (at (00l) faces) to form small-angle boundaries (of twist, tilt and mixed chara…
Infrared Spectroscopic Investigation of Charged Nickel Hydroxide Electrodes
Through the use of deuterated samples of Ni ( OH ) 2 electrodes at various stages of charge, it has been possible to make definitive band assignments for the structures of the active material. The relative intensity of the band due to hydrogen bonding in the charged state is shown to be a measure of the electrochemica…
Microwave Absorption and Molecular Structure in Liquids. LXVIII. Dielectric Behavior at 2.2-mm Wavelength and Intramolecular Motion in Five Substituted Benzenes and Cyclohexanes
The dielectric constants and losses of anisole, bromocyclohexane, aniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, and cyclohexanol in the pure liquid state have been measured at 2.2 mm wavelength at temperatures between 20° and 60° and combined with data in the literature to calculate the dielectric relaxation times. Where additional d…
Electronic transport phenomena in single-crystal NiO and CoO
Hall effect, conductivity and Seebeck measurements have been made on a series of NiO and CoO crystals containing up to approximately 0.6 at.% Li in the range 150-1100 °K. The results are interpreted in terms of 3d conduction in a narrow band and indicate that impurity conduction is dominant in many samples up to 200-3…