Materials Literature
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Synthetic diamonds have been grown from metal melts containing silicon, at high pressures and high temperatures. The absorption and photoluminescence spectra have been investigated in the temperature range 1.8--77 K. A 12-line fine structure is observed close to 1.682 eV, and this can be divided into three similar gro…
Electronic structures of Heusler alloys Co 2 MnZ (Z=sp elements) were calculated to search half-metallic compounds. In this paper, it will be shown that stoichiometric compounds Co 2 MnZ are half-metallic when Z is Si and Ge. Considering the effect of Z atom on the band structure, we can predict that there are half-me…
The theory of lineshapes of satellites in photoelectron spectra in a simplified fourth-order perturbation theory is developed. The calculation of the monopole satellites of the 2p ionization of the neon atom has been carried out in second- and simplified fourth-order perturbation theory. The theoretical linewidths and…
CaSO 4 :Dy and CaSO 4 :Tm are highly sensitive phosphors used in the thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry of the ionizing radiations. It is shown that, by using P, Mo or SO 3 as co-dopants, the TL sensitivities can be increased by 40-100%. The increase in sensitivity originates in various processes, which are discussed.…
Space charges formed in low-density polyethylene (LDPE), to which high voltage is applied, are usually composed of injected homocharges from electrodes and ionized heterocharges from bulk impurities. In this paper, the heterocharges in LDPE were discriminated from homocharges using charge-injection suppression layers.…
Hexagonal ZnO films were deposited on a glass substrate at room temperature by RF sputtering a ZnO target using a mixture of oxygen and argon. Polycrystalline ZnO films prepared in the presence of excess oxygen or at a high oxygen pressure tend to have crystallites with the orientation of the c-axis parallel to the su…
Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations are used to investigate the structure and electronic properties of the liquid Ag-Se system at three compositions. The realism of the simulations is demonstrated by comparison with diffraction data for the stoichiometric case Ag$_2$Se. As the Se content is increased beyond the s…
Abstract We examined the influence of polyaniline (PAn)'s unit sequence and doping with low molecular weight dopants or polymer dopants on permeation property. It was found that CO 2 permeability was increased by the formation of a quinonediimine unit in PAn with the oxidation. CO 2 sorption amount of PAn was decrease…
Abstract Biodegradable poly(1,4‐butanediol succinate) was synthesized from 1,4‐butanediol and succinic anhydride. The synthesized polymer was identified by 1 H‐NMR spectrometer and FT‐IR spectrophotometer. The weight average molecular weights were between 4,600 and 29,000, and molecular weight distributions were in th…
Abstract Grafting dicarboxylic anhydrides onto polyolefins has great practical importance. The process of grafting maleic anhydride onto high‐density polyethylene in the presence of various comonomers in an intermeshing corotating twin‐screw extruders was studied. Three types of comonomers were investigated: (i) vinyl…
Abstract The cure kinetics of a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)‐based epoxy resin with methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride and an accelerator was studied by nonisothermal DSC data. The systems were uncured resin and partially cured with the following extents of cure measured by the residual heat method (α DSC )…
Epitaxial SrTiO3 thin films were prepared using low pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The volatile metalorganic precursors employed were Sr(hexafluoroacetyl acetonate)2⋅tetraglyme and titanium tetraisopropoxide. Single-phase, epitaxial films were deposited on (100)LaAlO3 at a temperature of 810 °C. In-p…
Parity breaking instabilities of spatially periodic patterns are considered. In homogeneous systems such instabilities produce steadily drifting patterns. Spatial inhomogeneities are shown to lead to pattern pinning. The transition from pinned patterns to drifting ones may be surprisingly complex. Examples are describ…
High-resolution heat-capacity and electron-diffraction measurements have been conducted on thin free-standing films of a liquid-crystal compound exhibiting the smectic- $A$--hexatic- $B$--crystal- $B$ transitions. Despite the absence of herringbone order, the liquid-hexatic transition in extremely thin films has never…
The behaviour of FCC crystals of the metals platinum, gold, rhodium and silver under uniaxial tension was investigated using atomistic simulation. At temperatures above half the melting temperature all the model metals disordered before they failed by void formation. Investigation of the free energy as a function of o…
The results of two independent experiments in the vicinity of the ``transition'' from the third blue phase ( ${\mathrm{BP}}_{\mathrm{III}}$) to isotropic phase ( $I$) are reported for a highly chiral liquid crystal. Heat capacity measurements using a high-resolution calorimeter and dynamic light-scattering measurement…
Time-domain light scattering on ns--ms time scales has been performed on salol to probe the dynamics in the glass transition range and evaluate through a novel method the nonergodicity parameter ${f}_{q}(T)$ of mode coupling theory (MCT) in the wave vector limit $q\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$. Stretched-exponential stru…
The lytic transglycosylases of Escherichia coli are involved in peptidoglycan metabolism and resemble the lysozymes not only in activity, but in the case of the 70 kDa soluble lytic transglycosylase (Slt70), also structurally. Here we report the cloning of the gene that encodes the 35 kDa soluble lytic transglycosylas…
Diamond films have been obtained by the hot-filament chemical vapor deposition method on a silicon wafer. The substrates were preimplanted by a Si+ ion beam (ion energy 25 keV, implantation dosage 2×1017 Si/cm2). X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the stru…
Single-crystal films of perovskitelike (La,Ca)MnO3 with very smooth surface were grown epitaxially on (110) NdGaO3 substrates by a simple facing-target sputtering technique. Their in-plane and out-of-plane crystal structures were examined by means of a novel double-crystal x-ray diffraction technique. The c axis of th…