Materials Literature
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Summary Natural corrosion crusts on potash—lime—silica glasses, that have been buried in soil for very long periods, were examined using infra‐red reflectance microspectroscopy and electron‐probe techniques. Individually these techniques are useful: infra‐red provides information on which functional groups are present…
The discrete phonon spectra of TiO2 quantum dot with a dipole layer is reported. The absorption intensities of different LO phonons are related to the phonon-electron coupling in accord with the prediction of the continuum polarization model. The two-phonon bound state appeared due to the localization effect. The opti…
A microscopic model is developed to describe statistical properties of a nematic phase consisting of semiflexible dimers. The effect of the spacer chain bonding the two mesogens is described by the local conditional probability in terms of a bare stiffness parameter Ω∼EB/kT and a bare equilibrium angle θ0 between meso…
Film thickness and temperature are two of the most important quantities in semiconductor manufacturing. They play a fundamental role in many standard production techniques like chemical vapor deposition (CVD, LPCVD, PECVD), thermal oxidation and diffusion. They are especially important for more recently developed tech…
Potentiodynamic testing was used to study the corrosion performance of low-residual carbon steels in a sour brine, as typically encountered in Kuwaiti oil fields. Twenty-eight tests were performed to determine the effects of variations of carbon content from 0.1 to 0.4%; 1, 2, and 3% additions of cobalt; and 1, 2, and…
Various methods are discussed for the joining of ceramics to metals and vice versa. State‐of‐the‐art techniques including refractory metallizations and active metal brazing are detailed from both a processing and applications standpoint. Various approaches to forming ceramic/metal joints or thin film coatings have bee…
Since the discovery of the organic superconductivity more than 10 years ago with a critical temperature (TS) of 1 K in quasi one dimensional (1D) conductors based on the tetramethyltetraselenafulvalene molecule, more than 40 organic superconductors are now known, achieving TS up to about 13 K. These salts are made of…
This work describes derivation of a control model for electrode melting and heat and mass transfer from the electrode to the work piece in gas metal arc welding (GMAW). Specifically, a model is developed which allows electrode speed and welding speed to be calculated for given values of voltage and torch-to-base metal…
Polyolefins, such as polypropylene and polyethylene, are among the most commonly-utilized plastics in the world, but, because of their non-polar surfaces, are among the most difficult to bond with adhesives. A surface treatment is required before adhesive application to achieve good adhesion. Alkyl cyanoacrylates are…
Polyanniline films containing TiO 2 particles have been shown to be an effective medium for photo‐induced electrochromism. This effect has been utilized to achieve image storage and writing with laser light in the polyaniline films. The production of the films, their applications, and directions for future work, inclu…
A comparative study was performed on two TiO 2 (110) surfaces: one annealed in vacuum, the other annealed in hydrogen. Local geometric and electronic structures were characterized using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, in conjunction with conventional surface analytical techniques. Each surface exhibite…
Liquid crystalline copolyesters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, with compositions 20/80 and 24/76, were studied in order to evaluate the effect of higher melting HBA/HNA copolyesters on the high temperature adhesive properties compared with data for the recently reported 73/27 system. A tetram…
It has been observed that the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and poly(ethylene isophthalate-co-ethylene sodium sulfoisophthalate) copolymer is approximately five times greater than the adhesion between vacuum-evaporated aluminum and biaxially-oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate) film. To describe the int…
Controlling molecular orientation , especially in liquid crystals, is of particular current interest for example in the development of display technology. Here it is shown, through studying various LCs (e.g. PCH5 or Oil red O, see figure) and orientation techniques, that the alignment of the polymer chains in the alig…
Molecular-dynamics modeling has been used to study the evolution of a dislocation nanostructure from the shock compression of a vacancy cluster in a body-centered-cubic lattice. Detailed calculations have revealed the atomic displacements by which the clustered vacancies collapse. The energetics of the process were al…
Sexual reproduction and auxospore development are described for a marine species of Bacillariaceae related to Nitzschia reversa. Oogamy, recently claimed to occur in N. pungens f. multiseries, was not found. No copulation envelope is produced and reproduction is isogamous. The orientations of the auxospores and gameta…
The fracture toughness of several ceramic materials has been measured using a miniaturized disk‐bend test apparatus and methodology based on small disk‐shaped samples 3 mm in diameter. The method involves the Vickers indentation of specimens ranging in thickness from 300 to 700 μm, and testing them in a ring‐on‐ring b…
Abstract The complexes Ruhemann's Purples form with europium or terbium salts are suitable for fingerprint development on strongly fluorescent surfaces because they show enhancement of the lanthanide luminescence via intramolecular energy transfer and because the lifetime of the luminescence is much longer than that o…
Abstract The distribution of carbon black between the phases of a NR/ cis -1,4-polybutatdiene (BR) blend was studied. An N550 carbon black was added to the blend using different mixing techniques. The carbon-black distribution was determined using a variety of analytical techniques. The crystallization temperature of…
Presents the possibility of utilization of the textile heating element for designing protective clothing. Investigation of the textile heating element has been carried out and it has been found that a conductive woven fabric of specific resistance should not be higher than 4*10−2 (Ω*m). Physical behaviour of the heati…