Materials Literature
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Abstract A Fe-13Co-11Ni-3Cr-1Mo-0.2C steel alloy, processed for ultra-high strength and fracture toughness, exhibits three distinct hydrogen trap states in a complex precipitation hardened martensitic microstructure and is susceptible to severe hydrogen embrittlement (HE) at threshold stress intensity levels as low as…
Abstract The Big Escambia Creek Field is a gas/condensate field located in the southeastern United States that began production in 1974. The gas produced by the field contains about 40 percent CO2 and 20 percent H2S and the aqueous phase can contain as much as 200,000 ppm chlorides. Initially, these conditions combine…
Abstract This paper covers one of the building blocks required to complete a mechanistic CO2 / H2S corrosion model: electrochemistry of carbon steel CO2 corrosion in the presence of traces of H2S (3-250 ppm in the gas phase). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and linear polarisation resistance were used to invest…
Abstract 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to identify a sulfate-reducing bacterium (SRB) from a Danish North Sea oilfield water injection system. This species was cultivated, purified and subsequently identified as being >97% similar to Desulfovibrio gracilis. Like some other Desulfovibrio species this SRB, st…
Abstract This paper reviews the effect of low molecular weight organic acids (acetic, propionic, butyric) on corrosion rates in the presence of CO2. Recent papers point out concentrations of acetic acid in produced fluids as low as 100 ppm in the gas phase can cause corrosion attack as a result of thinning of the iron…
The structures of (MePh 3 P)[M(dca) 3 ] (M = Fe, Co, Ni and dca = dicyanamide, N(CN) 2 - ) are isomorphous and contain anionic [M(dca) 3 ] - networks in which octahedral metal ions are bridged by bidentate μ 1,5 dca anions, to generate three-dimensional (3D) five-connected networks. The structures of (EtPh 3 P)[M(dca)…
Abstract The possibility for global climate change has sparked the interest in CO2 removal from natural gas and other sources. Pipelines are considered for transportation of CO2 from source to storage site. This can to a large extent be done in carbon steel pipelines as pure, dry CO2 is essentially non-corrosive. Howe…
Abstract Majority of microbiologically influenced corrosion failure cases is reported at or near welds. Experiments on bacterial attachment on AISI type 304 stainless steel welds and base metals were carried out to investigate whether factors other than surface roughness influence the attachment. Coupon exposure studi…
Abstract In selecting materials for corrosive sour oil field environments, both age-hardened and cold-worked solid solution nickel-base alloys offer many advantages such as high-strength, toughness and excellent corrosion resistance. Alloy 028 (UNS N08028), alloy 825 (UNS N08825), alloy G-3 (UNS N06985), alloy 050 (UN…
Abstract The combination of high strength and corrosion resistance makes super duplex stainless steel attractive for a number of applications both in sour process fluids and seawater. Several superduplex alloys exist and each has its own proprietary chemical composition and UNS designation. This paper considers one su…
Abstract The proposed engineering barriers for the high-level nuclear waste repository in Yucca Mountain include a double walled container and a detached drip shield. The candidate material for the external wall of the container is Alloy 22 (N06022). One of the anticipated degradation modes for the containers could be…
Abstract H2S corrosion is controlled by processes occurring across the corrosion product (FeS) layer and by chemical effects which affect the properties of this layer. Laboratory data are reviewed which clearly demonstrate the parabolic nature of the corrosion kinetics. Along with the corrosion rates the film growth r…
Abstract Corrosion of a pipeline that had been laid in HVAC utility corridors was investigated. Severe AC corrosion occurred resulting in four holes in the pipeline after only five months life and before operation had begun. This represents a corrosion rate of over 400 mpy. An “intelligent” pig survey identified 18 ad…
Abstract The carbon dioxide corrosion electrochemistry of mild steel has been studied in the presence of high CO2 partial pressures and acetic acid (HAc). Potentiodynamic sweeps, linear polarization resistance (LPR) and weight loss (WL) experiments have been conducted to investigate the effects of flow velocity, CO2 p…
Hitherto, adsorption has been traditionally used to study only the porous structure in disordered materials, while the structure of the solid phase skeleton has been probed by crystallographic methods such as X-ray diffraction. Here we show that for carbons density functional theory, suitably adapted to consider heter…
Abstract Weight loss (WL) and linear polarization resistance (LPR) measurements have been used to verify the effect of acetic acid (HAc) on the anodic and cathodic reactions in CO2 corrosion of carbon steel. The experiments were performed using a standard rotating cylinder three-electrode system, in a 3% NaCl solution…
The parallel and perpendicular orientation of lamellae in free-surface thin films of symmetric diblock copolymers is studied in the strong segregation approximation. In contrast to films, which are confined between two hard walls, the period of the parallel lamellar structure in the free-surface films is determined fr…
Abstract Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of an incremental change in the solution pH, from 4 to 6.6, on CO2 corrosion rates of AISI 1018 steel in the presence of H2S in both single phase flow (Vsl = 1 m/s) and multiphase flow (Vsg=3 m/s, Vsl= 1 m/s) in a large scale multiphase flow loop. Linear pola…
Abstract This paper deals with the phenomena of corrosion by acetic acid and carbon dioxide at the top of a horizontal pipeline under dewing conditions. The effect of different parameters known to influence the Top of the Line Corrosion (TLC), such as the condensation rate and the bulk temperature is studied. The free…
Novel dipyridyl compounds containing a mono- and bisbenzothiadiazole unit were synthesized using the Stille coupling reaction. Their pyridinium salts, viologen analogues, were also prepared by the N-alkylation. The X-ray crystallographic analysis of the compounds containing a benzothiadiazole ring revealed nonplanar m…