Materials Literature
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New "Pt-in-CeO(2)" catalyst prepared by microemulsion method is shown to give higher activity for a water-gas shift reaction but with no formation of CH(4), the side product from hydrogenation of carbon oxides using a hydrogen-rich reformate as compared to conventional "Pt-on-CeO(2)" catalysts. Detailed characterizati…
The overcoating of CdS:Mn nanocrystals by a thin shell of non-doped CdS or ZnS results in remarkably improved photoluminescence properties. The CdS:Mn/CdS and CdS:Mn/ZnS nanocrystals presented in this work (see figure) show a much more efficient Mn-related photoluminescence than the non-coated nanocrystals. These nano…
La-substituted Sr hexaferrite with different La concentrations $x$ were prepared and investigated in order to observe changes in magnetic and structural properties with the substitution. With diffraction methods a change in crystal structure below approximately $100\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ from hexagonal…
The purpose of this research was to develop a system for controlled electrospinning of fibro-porous scaffolds for tissue engineering applications and to use this system to assess mesh architecture sensitivity to manufacturing parameters. The intent was to achieve scaffolds with well-controlled fiber diameters and inte…
A nematic liquid crystal (NLC) layer with the anisotropy axis modulated at a fixed rate q in the transverse direction is considered. If the layer locally constitutes a half-wave plate, then the thin-screen approximation predicts 100% efficient diffraction of a normal incident wave. The possibility of implementing such…
A new view of the concepts of crystallinity and crystals in synthetic macromolecules is discussed. In polymeric materials, crystallinity may be present with the concomitant occurrence of large amounts of structural disorder and in the absence of true three-dimensional long-range order. The structures of semicrystallin…
The adsorption of carbon monoxide on Rh(111) and on oxygen modified Rh(111) was investigated using thermal desorption spectroscopy, reflection absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), and density functional theory. The results show that CO adsorbs on Rh(111) in on top sites at low coverages. With increasing coverage…
Reduction of contact resistance is demonstrated at Cu–Cu interfaces using a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) layer as an electrically conductive interfacial material. The MWCNTs are grown on a copper substrate using plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) with nickel as the catalyst material, and methane…
▪ Abstract Unique ferroelastic polytwin domains are formed in epitaxial ferroelectric thin films prepared on single-crystal substrates and critically influence various ferroelectric properties. This chapter reviews theoretical as well as experimental studies on various thermomechanical strain factors and their relaxat…
Carbon nanotube (CNT) oscillators based on a single-walled CNT bundle were investigated using classical molecular dynamics simulations. We present the schematics of a CNT bundle oscillator that could be initiated by an electrostatic capacitive force. While the capacitive force acting on a CNT oscillator extruded it, t…
An improved procedure is described for preparation of novel mesoporous microspheres consisting of magnetic nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in a silica matrix. The method is based on a three-step process, involving (i) formation of hematite/silica composite microspheres by urea-formaldehyde polymerization, (ii) c…
Abstract This study describes the preparation of polypyrrole (PPy)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) composites by in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. Various ratios of MWNTs, which served as hard templates, were first dispersed in aqueous solutions with the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide to form mi…
A five-step physiochemical pathway for the cyclic dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation of LiAlH4 from Li3AlH6, LiH, and Al was developed. The LiAlH4 produced by this physiochemical route exhibited excellent dehydrogenation kinetics in the 80-100 degrees C range, providing about 4 wt % hydrogen. The decomposed LiAlH4 wa…
In this paper, we report a simple polypeptide-directed strategy for fabricating large spherical assembly of CaCO(3) nanoparticles. Stepwise growth and assembly of a large number of nanoparticles have been observed, from the formation of an amorphous liquidlike CaCO(3)-polypeptide precursor, to the crystallization and…
We have successfully fabricated two types of 1 × 2 optical switch devices, namely, all-optical switch (VO 2 /quartz) and electro-optical switch (VO 2 /TiO 2 /ITO/glass) based on the semiconductor-to-metallic phase transition characteristic of vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) smart coatings. The VO 2 active layer, the TiO 2 bu…
We have investigated magnetic and magneto-optical properties of two-dimensional (2D) ${\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.8}{\mathrm{Co}}_{0.2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ nanosheet, a new nanosized titanium oxide derived from layered titanates by exfoliation. Despite heavy doped 2D system in the dielectric ground, the multilayer films of ${\mathr…
Nanoparticles of superparamagnetic magnetite have been strongly attached to single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) by using a simple method, namely the deposition of iron acetate clusters on SWNHs followed by heat treatment. The attached magnetite nanoparticles induce remarkable darkening of the magnetic resonance ima…
▪ Abstract This review discusses the preparation, characterization, and application of amorphous porous mixed oxides, a rapidly growing class of materials with wide applications and a huge potential for the tailoring of chemical composition, microstructure, porosity, and surface properties. In contrast to crystalline…
A single cross-reactive conjugated polymer (poly(thiophene) 1) generates unique spectral patterns in response to structurally similar diamines. Multivariate statistics are used to deconvolute subtle variations in these spectral responses, allowing for identification and quantification of the analytes with >99% accurac…
Highly efficient separation and purification of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from PHA-containing cell mass is essential to production of the bioplastics from renewable resources in a cost-effective, environmentally friendly way. Based on selective dissolution of non-PHA cell mass (NPCM) by protons in aqueous solution…