Materials Literature
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Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/Ag(2)S composite fibres were successfully prepared by a facile method called the electrospinning technique. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the fibre morphology of the composite. Transmission electron microscopy showed spherical nanoparticles of the Ag(2)S component with an av…
Details are presented of an efficient formalism for calculating transmission and reflection matrices from first principles in layered materials. Within the framework of spin density functional theory and using tight-binding muffin-tin orbitals, scattering matrices are determined by matching the wave-functions at the b…
Hollow, nested inorganic fullerene- type MoQ2 (Q = S, Se) nanoparticles (see Figure) are prepared in high yield and on a large scale from organometallic precursors. The MoQ2 nanoparticles are obtained by a gas-phase synthesis (using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition) from Mo(CO)6 and S/Se, followed by a subseque…
Self-rupturing microcapsules are prepared by layer-by-layer coating of degradable dextran-hydroxyethyl methacrylate microgels with the polyelectrolytes poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and sodium poly(styrene sulfonate). When the microgel core degrades, the swelling pressure increases and, at a critical value of the swe…
The electrical resistivity, magnetization, and heat-capacity behavior of the Gd-based compounds, ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}{\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{Al}$, ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{2}{\mathrm{Co}}_{2}\mathrm{Ga}$, and ${\mathrm{Gd}}_{7}{\mathrm{Rh}}_{3}$, ordering magnetically at ${T}_{C}=78\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, ${T}_{…
The screening of point charges in hydrogenated Si quantum dots ranging in diameter from 10 A to 26 A has been studied using first-principles density-functional methods. We find that the main contribution to the screening function originates from the electrostatic field set up by the polarization charges at the surface…
We investigated the influence of n+-GaAs thickness and doping density of GaMnAs/n+-GaAs Esaki tunnel junction on the efficiency of the electrical electron spin injection. We prepared seven samples of GaMnAs/n+-GaAs tunnel junctions with different n+-GaAs thickness and doping density grown on identical p-AlGaAs/p-GaAs/…
Optically transparent and isotropic liquid-crystalline composites are successfully prepared by in-situ photopolymerization of crosslinking monomers in the isotropic phase of chiral liquid crystals. An anomalously large electro-optical Kerr constant (K) was observed in the composite over a broad temperature range (see…
A comparative study on the structure and stability of oxygen defects in ZnO is presented. By means of first-principles calculations based on local density functional theory we investigate the oxygen vacancy and different interstitial configurations of oxygen in various charge states. Our results reveal that dumbbell-l…
Charge ordering in the low-temperature triclinic structure of titanium oxide (Ti4O7) is investigated using the local density approximation (LDA)+U method. Although the total 3d charge separation is rather small, an orbital order parameter defined as the difference between t2g occupancies of Ti$^{3+}$ and Ti$^{4+}$ cat…
The structure and transport properties of SiO2-Al2O3 melts containing 13 mol% and 47 mol% Al2O3 are investigated by means of large scale molecular dynamics computer simulations. The interactions between the atoms are modelled by a pair potential which is a modified version of the one proposed by Kramer et al. [J. Am.…
X-ray crystallography is the most powerful method for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules. One of the major obstacles in the process is the production of high-quality crystals for structure determination. All too often, crystals are produced that are of poor quality and are unsuita…
The growth of large-area, patterned and oriented ZnO nanowires on silicon using a low temperature silicon-CMOS compatible process is demonstrated. Nanowire synthesis takes place using a thin nucleation layer of ZnO deposited by radiofrequency magnetron sputtering, followed by a hydrothermal growth step. No metal catal…
Initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) is able to synthesize linear and cross-linked poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) thin films, in one step, from vapors of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA), and tert-butyl peroxide (TBPO) without using any solvents. This all-dry techn…
Highly fluorescent CdTe@SiO2 core–shell-structured spheres (see Figure) are prepared via hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate in water-in-oil emulsions. Systematic results reveal that the electrostatic interactions between negatively charged CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) and silica intermediates play a cr…
A new type of supercapacitor electrode is reported, prepared by pressing a carbon nanotube/polyacrylonitrile blend and then pyrolyzing the pellet (see Figure). Although their specific surface area is very low, e.g., 200 m2 g–1, the C/C composites demonstrate high values of capacitance, up to 100 F g–1. The authors pro…
New modern technologies require new materials. During the past decade, the movement towards nanodimensions in many areas of technology aroused a huge interest in nanostructurized materials. The present article reviews recent works dealing with electrochemistry-related aspects of nanostructurized conducting polymers. E…
We report the preparation and characterization of charged, amphiphilic block copolypeptides that form stable vesicles and micelles in aqueous solution. Specifically, we prepared and studied the aqueous self-assembly of a series of poly(L-lysine)-b-poly(L-leucine) block copolypeptides, KxLy, where x ranged from 20 to 8…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVNoteNEXTArtificial Lotus Leaf by NanocastingManhui Sun, Chunxiong Luo, Luping Xu, Hang Ji, Qi Ouyang, Dapeng Yu, and Yong ChenView Author Information Center for Microfluidics and Nanotechnology, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, PR China, School of Physics, Peking University, 100871 B…
The unique properties of magnetic nanocrystals provide them with high potential as key probes and vectors in the next generation of biomedical applications. Although superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals have been extensively studied as excellent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes for various cell trafficking…